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  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (2)
  • Fire bee  (2)
  • deterrent  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of a chemical deterrent, released from the frass of caterpillars of the garden pebble moth, on cabbage root fly oviposition (1987)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 45 (1987), S. 283-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Delia radicum ; cabbage root fly ; Evergestis forficalis ; garden pebble moth ; frass ; deterrent ; oviposition ; interspecific interactions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé D. radicum a évité de pondre sur des pieds de chou-fleur, qui avaient été pulvérisés avec une suspension d'excréments d'E. forficalis. Les extraits polaires de ces excréments empêchent la ponte quelle que soit l'espère de crucifère sur laquelle les chenilles se sont alimentées. Les extraits non polares sont sans effet. Dans la nature, l'action dissuadante persiste 2 à 3 jours après la pulvérisation des feuilles avec les extraits d'excréments. La pulvérisation tous les deux jours a maintenu l'action dissuadante. Des plantes contaminées par des chenilles en train de s'alimenter et souillées par quelques crottes sont aussi dissuadantes pour la mouche que celles pulvérisées avec une suspension d'excréments.
    Notes: Abstract The cabbage root fly, Delia radicum (L.), was deterred from laying eggs on cauliflower plants that had been sprayed with a suspension of the frass of caterpillars of the garden pebble moth, Evergestis forficalis (L.). Polar extracts of the frass deterred oviposition irrespective of the cruciferous plant species on which the caterpillars had been feeding. Non-polar extracts of the frass had no effect. Spraying plants with macerates from Brassica leaves stimulated fly oviposition whereas spraying plants with macerates from garlic mustard leaves deterred fly oviposition. Macerates from the leaves of all other plants tested had no effect. In field experiments the deterrent effect persisted 2–3 days after leaves were sprayed with frass extracts. Plants infested with feeding caterpillars and contaminated with only a few discrete frass pellets were as deterrent to the fly as those sprayed with frass suspensions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00343591
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A cabbage root fly oviposition deterrent in the frass of garden pebble moth caterpillars (1988)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 49 (1988), S. 277-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Delia radicum ; cabbage root fly ; Evergestis forficalis ; garden pebble moth ; frass ; oviposition ; deterrent ; sinapic acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé D. radicum L. a pondu beaucoup moins sur des choux-fleurs pulvérisés avec un extrait (polaire) hydrosoluble d'excréments de chenilles de E. forficalis L. qui avaient consommé différentes crucifères. La pulvérisation des choux-fleurs avec une suspension aqueuse d'éluate de méthanol d'une colonne polyamide et d'éluate aqueux d'une colonne florosile a réduit respectivement de 50 et 66% le nombre d'oeufs pondus. L'analyse chimique des fractions actives révèle la présence d'un acide phénolique isolé et identifié comme acide sinapique (3,5-diméthoxy-4-hydroxycinnamique). Cet acide est absent des excréments des chenilles de Mamestra brassicae L. et Plutella xylostella L. qui avaient consommé la même gamme de crucifères. La pulvérisation des plants de choux-fleurs par une solution aqueuse tamponnée d'acide sinapique a réduit la ponte de D. radicum de 60 à 70%. Dans la nature, l'effet dissuasif persiste sur choux-fleurs 5 jours après la pulvérisation avec une solution aqueuse tamponnée à 10 mM d'acide sinapique.
    Notes: Abstract The cabbage root fly, Delia radicum (L.), was deterred from laying eggs on cauliflower plants sprayed with a water-soluble extract of the frass of caterpillars of the garden pebble moth, Evergestis forficalis (L.), which had fed on a range of cruciferous species. Chemical analysis of the extract revealed the presence of a phenolic acid which was not present in the frass of larvae of two other Lepidoptera (Mamestra brassicae (L.) and Plutella xylostella (L.)) that had fed on the same range of cruciferous plants. The deterrent chemical was isolated and identified as sinapic (3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxycinnamic) acid. Spraying cauliflower plants with a buffered solution of the acid in water (0.1, 1 and 10 mM) reduced the numbers of cabbage root fly eggs laid by 60–70%. In field experiments, the deterrent effect persisted 5 days after leaves were sprayed with a buffered, aqueous solution of the acid (10 mM).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00187503
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nest plundering allomones of the fire beeTrigona (Oxytrigona) mellicolor (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 14 (1988), S. 495-501 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Fire bee ; Trigona (Oxtrigona) mellicolor ; Trigona (Oxtrigona) tataira ; honeybee ; Apis mellifera ; Hymenoptera ; Apidae ; mandibular gland secretion ; allomone ; nest plundering ; diketones ; (E)-3-heptene-2,5-dione ; (E)-3-nonene-2,5-dione
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Ten volatile compounds derived from the cephalic glands of the fire beeTrigona (Oxytrigona)mellicolor were bioassayed for possible allomonal activities facilitating nest plundering. Two diketones, (E)-3-heptene-2,5-dione and (E)-3-nonene-2,5-dione, caused the honeybeeApis mellifera to display avoidance behavior and reduced defensive behavior. These diketones are produced in relatively large quantities in fire-bee cephalic glands.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01013901
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemistry of cephalic secretion of fire beeTrigona (Oxytrigona) tataira (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 10 (1984), S. 451-461 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Fire bee ; Trigona (Oxytrigona) tataira ; Hymenoptera ; Apidae ; mandibular gland secretion ; enediones ; monoketones ; carboxylic esters ; hydrocarbons ; E-3-hepten-2,5-dione ; E-3-nonen-2,5-dione
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Analysis of the volatile compounds derived from cephalic glands of the fire beeTrigona (Oxytrigona) tataira by GC-MS was undertaken. The following compounds were readily identified: hydrocarbons:n-C11H24,n-C13H28,n-C14H30,n-C15H32,n-C17H36,n-C23H48,n-C15H30,n-C17H34,n-C21 H42, andn-C23H46; carboxylic acids: palmitic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, stearic acid, and oleic acid; carboxylic esters: dodecyl acetate, tetradecyl acetate, hexadecyl acetate, octadecyl acetate, and dodecyl decanoate; monoketones: 5-hepten-2-one, 3-hepten-2-one, 2-heptanone, and 5-nonen-2-one. Two major components of the mixture were identified asE-hepten-2,5-dione andE-3-nonen-2,5-dione. Structures of these novel compounds were suggested by their GC-MS behavior and the GC-MS behavior of their dimethoximes and proved by comparison with authentic synthetic samples. Trace amounts of the corresponding Z isomers and the saturated analogs, heptan-2,5-dione and nonan-2,5-dione, were also found. The possible functions of these glandular constituents are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00988091
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification and quantification of diesel fuel components derived from off-shore drilling operation discharges (1985)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 8 (1985), S. 4-7 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, GC/MS ; Fused silica capillary columns ; Drilling muds ; Diesel fuel ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A GC/MS technique that provides quantitative and qualitative information on diesel fuel components in drilling muds is described. Several low molecular mass aromatic components of diesel fuel are identified as indicators of diesel fuel. The presence and relative concentration of these indicators is used to identify diesel fuel contamination. This information can be used to approximate the amount of diesel fuel contamination in off-shore drilling discharges.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240080102
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of gas chromatography coupled with ion mobility spectrometry for monitoring vinyl chloride and other chlorinated and aromatic compounds in air samples (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 19 (1996), S. 301-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Vinyl chloride ; Ion mobility spectrometry ; GC/IMS ; Chemical field screening ; Environmental chemical analysis ; Chemical analysis of air ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The objective of this research was to evaluate, in the laboratory, the potential of gas chromatography/ion mobility spectrometry (GC/IMS) for monitoring vinyl chloride and other organic compounds in air samples in the field. It was determined that GC/IMS has the potential to directly detect vinyl chloride in air at the 2 ppbv level, and when concentrated on an adsorbent trap from a 1 L sample of air, detection could be lowered to the 0.02 ppbv level. From a comparative investigation of 18 EPA priority pollutants and 34 common vapor-phase organic compounds, many compounds were found to provide a more sensitive response in IMS than vinyl chloride, indicating that GC/IMS would be broadly applicable to the direct detection of vapor-phase organics in air.Operating parameters including drift gas, spectrometer temperature, and sample-inlet position were evaluated and discussed with respect to sensitivity and resolution. High temperature dramatically increased sensitivity to vinyl chloride. Vinyl chloride was shown to produce both negative and positive ion mobility spectra, with the negative-mode spectra resulting from electron-capture dissociation of the vinyl chloride. The limit of detection for vinyl chloride was found to be 7 pg/s. Limits of detection for 18 EPA priority pollutants were determined and compared to vinyl chloride. The responses of 34 other vapor-phase organic compounds were also compared to that of vinyl chloride. Non-selective, positive-ion detection of 30 of the 34 compounds was demonstrated along with selective, electron-capture-type detection of 29 of them. Chloride-specific and bromide-specific detection illustrated the advantages of selected-ion monitoring in IMS.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240190602
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