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  • Brain  (2)
  • Animal model  (1)
  • Brain neoplasm  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Brain ; Cyst ; Respiratory epithelium ; Metaplasia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary An 8.5-year-old female presented with multiple episodes of aseptic meningitis and was found to have a cystic lesion in the prepontine region. Microscopic examination revealed a respiratory-type epithelium with squamous metaplasia. Like its normal analogue in the respiratory tract, the epithelium of these intracranial cysts can undergo squamous metaplasia when chronically irritated. The ultrastructural and immunohistochemical characteristics of the transition from ciliated epithelium to squamous metaplasia are described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Animal model ; Depression ; Biogenic amines ; Tetrabenazine ; Cerebral blood flow ; Bood-brain barrier
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In the tetrabenazine (TBZ) model of depression, the cerebromicrocirculation was discovered to respond abnormally to metabolic demand as mimicked by the administration of CO2. Altered responsivity of cerebral blood flow and effective permeability of the blood — brain barrier to changes in PaCO2 were found. These physiologic defects coincided temporally with TBZ-induced depletion of central norepinephrine and dopamine and with the development of the behavioral effects of TBZ (the end points used to test the antidepressant potential of experimental drugs). Pretreatment with amitriptyline (a standard antidepressant and amine reuptake inhibitor) prevented the development of these TBZ-induced abnormalities in the cerebromicrocirculation, just as it prevented the behavioral effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Key words Ganglioglioma ; Cytogenetics ; Metastasis ; Brain neoplasm ; Pathology ; Epilepsy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe an unusual clinical presentation of a ganglioglioma in a patient with complex partial seizures. The patient underwent a right temporal lobectomy with subtotal tumor resection at age 15 years, followed by a complete resection 1 year later. Follow-up MRI scan a year later documented recurrence and leptomeningeal dissemination. Another biopsy was performed. Pathological examination revealed similar histology in all three resections, with a ganglioglioma showing no evidence of anaplasia. The tumor exhibited a number of karyotypic abnormalities, notably, a paracentric inversion of chromosome 7. In summary, despite lacking anaplastic features by conventional histological criteria, this ganglioglioma showed an unsusual karyotype and demonstrated radiological evidence of widespread dissemination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Key words Cytomegalovirus ; Hemimegalencephaly ; Encephalitis ; Epilepsy ; Brain
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report the extraordinary association of hemimegalencephaly with chronic encephalitis and cytomegalovirus (CMV) positivity in a 5-month-old infant with intractable seizures and a left hemisphere resection. Microscopy revealed a severe neuronal migration disorder (NMD) with fusion of gyri, marked disarray of neuronal lamination, neuronal gigantism and extensive neuronal heterotopias. Also widespread were microglial nodules, gliosis and nodular calcifications and some foci of frank necrosis with calcification. Occasional perivascular and leptomentingeal lymphocytic infiltrates were present. No viral inclusions were identifiable. Polymerase chain reaction on multiple specimens showed unequivocal CMV positivity. In intrauterine CMV infection, NMDs such as polymicrogyria are well recognized, but the association of hemimegalencephaly with CMV infection has not previously been described. Our finding of chronic encephalitis with CMV positivity and hemimegalencephaly in the same patient raises questions about the role of CMV in the etiopathogenesis of the NMD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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