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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new method for the evaluation of benzodiazepines based on their ability to block muscimol-induced myoclonic jerks in mice (1981)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 75 (1981), S. 291-293 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Muscimol ; Benzodiazepines ; Myoclonic jerks ; Animal model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A number of clinically used benzodiazepines were tested for their effectiveness in blocking muscimol-induced myoclonic jerks in mice. Their ED50 values were determined from their dose-response curves. These data gave the following relative potencies with respect to diazepam: diazepam=1, medazepam=0.24, oxazepam=1.27, flurazepam=1.90, lorazepam=3.01, nitrazepam=3.93, clonazepam=33.14, and flunitrazepam=116.00. Because our earlier studies indicated that muscimol-induced myoclonic jerks probably originate from the spinal cord, the present method may prove to be suitable for quantitatively evaluating the effect of benzodiazepines on the spinal cord. The present results also indicate the possible value of flunitrazepam in the management of neurologic disorders in which preferential action on the spinal cord is desired.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00432441
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental autoimmune cystitis in the Lewis rat: a potential animal model for interstitial cystitis (1996)
    Springer
    Urological research 24 (1996), S. 367-373 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Interstitial cystitis ; Animal model ; Urinary frequency ; Venular congestion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To develop an autoimmune animal model for interstitial cystitis (IC), we injected rats with Freund's adjuvant (CFA) containing bladder homogenate (experimentals) or CFA alone (shams). We observed a doubling of urinary frequency in the experimental animals over the shams (P=0.004) and histopathologic changes (venular congestion) consistent with IC. Statistically significant bladder capacity changes were not found. Mast cell (MC) number was not statistically different between experimentals and controls but the number of MCs from section to adjacent section within the same animal's bladder did vary markedly, indicating that MC counts are not a reliable measure of disease in the rat bladder. Splenocytes cultured from the experimental animals and transferred to naive syngeneic recipients were capable of transferring the urinary frequency changes and vascular congestion while splenocytes from animals which did not develop the condition were without effect. In summary, we have developed an autoimmune model for IC consistent with the clinical features of IC. The features of this model can be transferred to naive syngeneic recipients via adoptive splenocyte transfer. The model will permit us to ask and answer important questions about the pathogenesis and treatment of the human disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00389795
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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