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  • Neurosecretory pathways  (3)
  • Oxytocin  (3)
  • Anti-oxytocinase serum  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Magnocellular hypothalamic nuclei ; Accessory structures ; Neurosecretory pathways ; Neurophysin-like material ; Immunofluorescence histology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Antisera to porcine neurophysin-II and ovine neurophysin-III were used to localize neurophysin-like material in the hypothalamus and neurohypophysis of guinea-pigs with an immunofluorescence technique. Although the guinea-pig appears to have only one major neurophysin it was found to be localized in both of the bilateral magnocellular nuclei. Neurophysin-like material was also present in extreme rostral portions of the hypothalamus, in cells lying between the third ventricle and the supraoptic nucleus and in a cluster of cells dorsomedial to the fornix. Immunofluorescence was observed in neurosecretory fibres that followed pathways previously characterized with classical histological stains for “neurosecretory material”. The immunofluorescence in the hypothalamic elements of a normal guinea-pig was not greatly different from that in fluorescent structures present in an animal that had been severely dehydrated. In contrast, there was a marked depletion of neurophysin from the posterior pituitary gland of the dehydrated guinea-pig. The lack of graded fluorescence in the hypothalamus of the dehydrated animal is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 145 (1973), S. 471-478 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Neurophysins (sheep) ; Neurosecretory pathways ; Proximal and distal neurohypophysis ; Infundibulum ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A cross-species reactive antiserum was used to study the cellular localization of neurophysin in the sheep hypothalamus and neurohypophysis. The immunofluorescent technique was used to follow the neurosecretory fibres emanating from the magnocellular nuclei to the lower infundibular stem. It was confirmed that neurophysin was present in both the internal and external zone of the infundibulum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 162 (1975), S. 531-539 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Human placenta ; Syncytiotrophoblast ; Oxytocinase ; Anti-oxytocinase serum ; Immunofluorescence histochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Oxytocinase (cystine aminopeptidase) was purified from human retroplacental serum by a combination of fractional precipitation, hydroxylapatite chromatography and gel exlusion chromatography on Sephadex G-200. The purified enzyme possessed a specific activity of 980 mIU/mg using L-cystine-di-p-nitroanilide as substrate. This represented a 3200 fold concentration from the starting material in an overall yield of 12%. Antibodies against oxytocinase were raised in rabbits and the γ-globulin fraction labelled with fluorescein isothiocyanate prior to its use in the immunofluorescence histochemical localization of the enzyme in human placental tissue. Oxytocinase was confined to the syncytiotrophoblastic cells of normal term, and immature placentas as well as in placentas from patients suffering from severe toxaemia. Specific immunofluorescence was also present in the outer margins of the chorion and to a lesser extent in the amnion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 180 (1977), S. 491-503 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pig ; Oxytocin ; [8-Lysine]-Vasopressin ; Specific localization ; Immunocytochemistry ; One hormone, One Neurophysin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Synthetic oxytocin and [8-arginine]-vasopressin conjugated to bovine thyroglobulin were used to induce specific antibodies in rabbits. The specificity of the anti-oxytocin serum, and the suitability of the anti-[8arginine]-vasopressin serum for the detection of [8-lysine]-vasopressin, was evaluated by immunofluorescent studies of the respective hormones bound to Sepharose 4B particles. Oxytocin and [8-lysine]-vasopressin were specifically localized in the paraventricular (PVN) and supraoptic (SON) nuclei of the pig hypothalamus using the immunoperoxidase staining technique. After an examination of serial transverse and sagittal sections stained for either of the hormones we observed that: 1. In the rostral SON, oxytocin and vasopressin containing neurons were uniformly distributed; 2. In the caudal SON, most of the neurons contained oxytocin, but there were still a few ‘vasopressin’ neurons; 3. In the rostral PVN, the two hormones were evenly spread in neurons close to the third ventricle; 4. In the caudal PVN, the oxytocin and vasopressin containing neurons were differentially distributed, with ‘oxytocin’ neurons adjacent to the third ventricle, and ‘vasopressin’ neurons lateral to these and concentrated in the dorso-caudal PVN. In the cells of the PVN, there was evidence that the distribution of oxytocin and vasopressin is similar to the distribution of porcine neurophysin-II and porcine neurophysin-I respectively. This similarity is consistent with the one hormone — one neurophysin concept in the pig.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 180 (1977), S. 467-490 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Oxytocin ; Vasopressin ; Neurophysin ; Magnocellular nuclei ; Neurosecretory pathways ; Osmotic stimulation ; Immunoperoxidase histochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Antisera, with cross reactive antibodies removed by affinity chromatography, were used in the immunoperoxidase-bridge technique to study the distribution of oxytocin and vasopressin together with neurophysin in the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system of the rat. The hormones were demonstrated in different areas of the supraoptic nucleus (SON) and paraventricular nucleus (PVN), in neurosecretory fibres of the hypothalamoneurohypophysial tract, median eminence, and in nerve terminals of the neurohypophysis. Intact normal and rats with hereditary hypothalamic diabetes insipidus (Brattleboro strain), and rats dehydrated by the administration of oral hypertonic saline were studied. In dehydrated rats the hormone concentration in the neurons, and the number of neurons containing hormone varied according to the time of dehydration stress. The observations support the hypotheses that: 1) oxytocin and oxytocinneurophysin, and vasopressin and vasopressin-neurophysin are synthesised in different neurons and are transported along different axons; 2) the SON and PVN are functionally indistinguishable in that neurons containing oxytocin or vasopressin are present in both nuclei; and 3) the two types of neurons respond to osmotic stimulation in a way that is qualitatively the same but quantitatively different.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 197 (1979), S. 325-336 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Rat hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system ; Fetal development ; Oxytocin ; Vasopressin ; Neurophysin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sections of the hypothalamus, median eminence and pituitary from fetal and neonatal rats were examined with the immunoperoxidase staining technique and light microscopy. Purified antisera raised against vasopressin and oxytocin, and antisera cross-reactive with rat neurophysin were used to localize these antigens in the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system (HNS). Neurophysin was detected throughout the HNS of the 18-day fetal rat. Vasopressin was present in the hypothalamus and pituitary of the 19-day fetus, and in the median eminence of the 4-day neonate. Oxytocin was not detected in the pituitary until 1–2 days after birth, in the hypothalamus after 4 days, and in the median eminence after 8 days. During the first days after birth the supraoptic nucleus was more mature than the paraventricular nucleus. The HNS did not approach maturity until at least 7 days after birth. The relative maturity of the supraoptic nucleus compared with the paraventricular nucleus, and the detection of vasopressin before oxytocin are evidence for the one-neuron-one-hormone theory. The data do not exclude the possibility that the fetal hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system, and perhaps the fetal hormone, vasotocin, affect the initiation and course of parturition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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