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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 308 (1979), S. 265-272 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Vasodilator agents ; Vascular resistance ; Coronary circulation ; Collateral circulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A method was applied in anesthetized dogs enabling the measurement of regional resistances up to and behind the start of collaterals and the collateral resistance. The studies show that peripheral coronary pressure, i.e. perfusion pressure of the collaterals, can change when the ratio of pre- and post-collateral resistance alters. Drugs can influence collateral blood flow not only by directly effecting the collaterals but also by altering collateral perfusion pressure. Glyceryl trinitrate given in minor doses improved collateral blood flow by directly dilating the collaterals and also by increasing collateral perfusion pressure. Higher doses did not improve collateral flow due to a decrease of collateral perfusion pressure. A stealphenomenon occurred in some cases. Adenosine and verapamil had no direct influence on the collateral resistance. Verapamil given in small doses increased perfusion pressure slightly but not enough to improve collateral blood flow. High doses of verapamil, like low doses of adenosine, had no significant influence on collateral perfusion pressure and collateral blood flow. Adenosine given in high dosage led to a diminution of collateral flow by decreasing collateral perfusion pressure, i.e. a steal-phenomenon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Radiologe 38 (1998), S. 683-692 
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Thoraxtrauma ; Lungenverletzung ; Aortenruptur ; Thorax-CT ; Key words Thorax ; injuries ; Lung ; injuries ; Aorta ; rupture ; Thorax ; CT
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Blunt trauma to the chest results from the transfer of kinetic energy to the human body. It may cause a wide range of mostly life-threatening injuries, including fractures of the thoracic skeleton, disintegration of the pleural space, contusion or laceration of pulmonary parenchyma and damage to the mediastinal structures. For a systematic approach it may be helpful to follow an organ-based evaluation of thoracic trauma. However, it should be borne in mind that subtle injuries may be associated with serious complications. Trauma to the chest may affect different anatomic compartments at the same time, requiring an extending diagnostic approach. Conventional radiography plays a major role in diagnosing thoracic trauma, complemented by ultrasound examination of the pleura and abdomen. It is well documented that CT scanning represents a major technological improvement for assessment of thoracic trauma. With the advent of fast helical CT scanning this method becomes more applicable for severely traumatized patients and potentially replaces other time-consuming procedures. State-of-the-art imaging of both projection and cross-sectional techniques provides useful information for immediate and appropriate treatment mandatory in patients with thoracic trauma.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Das Trauma des Thorax ist Folge einer erheblichen, meist stumpfen Gewalteinwirkung auf den Brustkorb und geht mit einem weiten Spektrum an größtenteils lebendsbedrohlichen Organverletzungen einher. Aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit können die thorakalen Verletzungen in solche des Skeletts, der Pleura, der Lungen und der mediastinalen Strukturen eingeteilt werden. Häufig besteht jedoch eine enge Verzahnung der Pathologien, und einzelne Symptome können Indikatoren für weitere, schwerwiegende Verletzungen sein. Darüber hinaus sind extrathorakale Körperpartien und Organsysteme oftmals mitbetroffen, so daß eine umfassende diagnostische Strategie angewendet werden muß. Die schnelle Erstversorgung und der zügige Transport in eine Notfallaufnahme mit adäquater Behandlung sind entscheidend für die Prognose des Traumapatienten. Die Projektionsradiographie des Thorax ist das Basisverfahren, ergänzt durch die Ultraschalluntersuchung. Ein zuverlässiges und genaues Verfahren ist die Spiralcomputertomographie, welcher sich aufgrund ihrer Schnelligkeit neue Anwendungsmöglichkeiten eröffnen. Die radiologische Diagnostik erbringt mit modernen Projektions- und Schnittbildverfahren unverzichtbare Informationen. Sie ist ein wichtiges Glied in der interdisziplinärenen Zusammenarbeit mit dem Ziel eines rationalen, möglichst schnell durchführbaren Diagnose- und Therapiekonzeptes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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