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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 71 (1993), S. 466-470 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Doppler ultrasound ; Oximetry ; Peripheral vascular disease ; Diabetic foot ; Neuropathy ; Reactive hyperemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Necrotic ulcers of the feet are a dangerous complication of the diabetic foot syndrome. Besides peripheral vascular disease (PVD) peripheral neuropathy is an important factor in the pathogenesis of necroses. We examined whether the reserve of circulation during reactive hyperemia at the feet of patients with type I diabetes mellitus with abnormal blood flow (n =17) is decreased compared with diabetic (n =14) and nondiabetic (n = 20) controls. Further we analyzed whether there is a correlation with the oxygen supply of the foot. PVD was excluded by clinical check-up, oscillography, and Doppler ultrasound. The reserve of circulation of the foot was measured during reactive hyperemia and oxygen supply of the foot by oximetry. Abnormal blood flow of the foot was diagnosed by the pulsation index. On examination it was found that the reserve of circulation of diabetic feet with abnormal blood flow is about 52% less than in diabetic and about 50% less than in nondiabetic controls (P〈0.005). The decreased reserve of circulation correlates with the oxygen supply of the feet; this is about 21% less compared to diabetic feet with normal blood flow and about 16% less in comparison to nondiabetic feet. The present study shows that diabetic feet suffer from disturbed circulation although there is no evidence of PVD. This disturbed circulation is correlated with a decreased oxygen supply of the feet. Hypoxia during strain could be of great importance in the pathogenesis and treatment of necrotic ulcers of diabetic feet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 68 (1990), S. 588-593 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Doppler sonography ; Peripheral vascular disease ; Diabetic foot ; Neuropathy ; Reactive hyperemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Doppler sonographic examination of 51 diabetic subjects showed that the macrovascular hyperemic response of the pedal blood flow was negatively correlated to the duration of the disease (p〈0.01). In comparison with non-diabetic controls (n=20), the response was increased by more than 210% in newly detected diabetics, but decreased by more than 20% in long-term diabetics. Vascular response was correlated also not only to the duration of the diabetes, but to peripheral neuropathy (p〈0.001). The hyperemic response was reduced in patients with reduced nerve conduction time, or somatic neuropathy (142+152%,p〈 0.005), and in patients with reduced arterial pulsation, or autonomic neuropathy (152+88,p〈 0.005), both in comparison with non-diabetic controls (293±108%). The frequency of decreased macrovascular hyperemic response was in agreement with somatic neuropathy in 69.7% and with autonomic neuropathy in 75.8% of all patients. The results demonstrate that the macrovascular hyperemic response of blood flow in diabetic feet is already reduced at an early stage of peripheral neuropathy without peripheral vascular occlusive disease. The functional reduction of pedal blood flow may be important for the development of diabetic foot gangrene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Aortenisthmusstenose ; Subarachnoidalblutung ; Aortendissektion ; Aortenruptur ; Key words Aortic coarctation ; Subarachnoidal hemorrhage ; Aortic rupture ; Aortic dissection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Of four male patients with delayed diagnosis of aortic coarctation at an age between 11 years and 14 years 9 months, three presented with life-threatening complications like subarachnoidal hemorrhage in one patient, rupture of the dilated ascending aorta followed by aortic dissecation in the other and rupture of a poststenotic aneurysm of the descending aorta with perforation into the esophagus in the third. All patients were operated successfully. Postoperatively, they had severe arterial hypertension requiring antihypertensive medication. Discussion: Lack of subjective symptoms in these patients is due to the development of extensive collateral circulation. Early diagnosis of aortic coarctation is critical to prevent complications. Surgical correction of asymptomatic coarctation should be performed in the second year of life.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Wir berichten über 4 männliche Patienten im Alter zwischen 11 Jahren und 14 Jahren, 9 Monaten, bei denen verspätet die Diagnose einer Aortenisthmusstenose gestellt wurde. Drei der Patienten kamen primär mit einer lebensbedrohlichen Komplikation der zuvor nicht erkannten Aortenisthmusstenose zur stationären Aufnahme. Es handelte sich hierbei 1 mal um eine Subarachnoidalblutung durch ein rupturiertes zerebrales Aneurysma, bei 1 anderen Patienten um eine Aortenruptur bei aneurysmatischer Erweiterung der Aorta ascendens, die von einer Aortendissektion gefolgt wurde sowie bei 1 Patienten um die Ruptur eines poststenotischen Aneurysmas der Aorta descendens in den Ösophagus. Alle 4 Patienten konnten erfolgreich operiert werden. Der postoperative Verlauf war jedoch immer durch einen schwer einstellbaren Hypertonus gekennzeichnet. Diskussion: Die verspätete Diagnose dieser Aortenisthmusstenosen ist auf die fehlende Symptomatik zurückzuführen, die auf der Entwicklung eines meist ausgeprägten Kollateralkreislaufs beruht. Prognostisch entscheidend ist die frühzeitige Diagnose. Die Korrekturoperation der asymptomatischen Aortenisthmusstenose sollte im 2. Lebensjahr erfolgen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1434-3940
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter ; Chronisch rekurrierende multifokale Osteomyelitis (CRMO) ; Mandibula ; Skelettszintigraphie ; Key words ; Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) ; Mandible ; Bone scan
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: A 42-year-old patient was admitted to our clinic with the diagnosis of primary chronic osteomyelitis of the mandible. Since the initial manifestation, approximately 9 months earlier, the patient had undergone numerous antibiotic treatment trials. Various tissue specimens exhibited no microbial growth. Computer tomography demonstrated severe sclerotic changes with partly osteolytic areas in the complete right horizontal ramus of the mandible. Decortication was carried out and both soft and hard tissue specimens were taken. Histological assessment revealed slightly sclerotic bone with reactive periosteal bone production, as in chronic non-specific osteomyelitis. Because of progressive pain and paresthesia, a 3-phase skeletal scanning was performed before the planned resection. In addition to an intensive labeling in the right mandible, further intensive lesions were found at the first right rib, the sternum, and the vertebral column. The subsequent magnetic resonance tomography confirmed the infiltration, as seen in osteomyelitis, in all these areas. Under the assumption of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO), an immunosuppressive therapy with diclofenac and prednisolone was started, which at first brought about complete remission. As CRMO is very rare in our speciality, it might be suspected that it is the cause of some cases of primary therapy-resistant osteomyelitis. The importance of early diagnosis must be underlined, because therapy differs fundamentally from that of the more common bacterial osteomyelitis. A bone scan is therefore of great value in the diagnostic scheme of therapy-resistant osteomyelitis.
    Notes: Eine 42-jährige Patientin wurde mit der Diagnose einer primär chronischen Osteomyelitis vorstellig. Seit der Erstmanifestation etwa 9 Monate zuvor waren zahlreiche antibiotische Therapieversuche und Gewebeentnahmen ohne eindeutigen Keimnachweis vorausgegangen. Die Computertomographie zeigte schwere sklerosierende Veränderungen im gesamten rechten horizontalen Unterkieferast mit teilweise osteolytischen Bezirken. Daraufhin erfolgte die Dekortikation mit Gewinnung einer Knochen- und Weichgewebeprobe. Die histologische Begutachtung zeigte gering sklerosierten Knochen mit reaktiver periostaler Knochenneubildung, wie bei einer abgelaufenen chronisch unspezifischen Osteomyelitis. Bei Progression der Beschwerden und Parästhesien im Bereich des N. alveolaris inferior erfolgte im Hinblick auf eine geplante Unterkieferkontinuitätsresektion eine 3-Phasen-Skelettszintigraphie. Neben einer Mehrbelegung im Bereich des Unterkiefers zeigten sich auch intensive Herde an der 1. Rippe rechts, dem Sternum und der Wirbelsäule. Die nachfolgende Magnetresonanztomographie bestätigte bei sämtlichen betroffenen Knochen deutliche Infiltrate, dem Bild einer Osteomyelitis entsprechend. Unter dem Verdacht einer chronisch rekurrierenden multifokalen Osteomyelitis (CRMO) im Erwachsenenalter wurde eine immunsuppressive Therapie mit Diclofenac und Prednisolon eingeleitet, worunter es anfangs zur Vollremission kam. Da es sich bei der CRMO um ein seltenes und in unserem Fachgebiet noch weitgehend unbekanntes Krankheitsbild handelt, ist zu vermuten, dass sie sich in einigen Fällen hinter primär chronischen therapieresistenten Osteomyelitiden verbirgt. Die Problematik liegt in der frühzeitigen Diagnosestellung, da sich der therapeutische Ansatz deutlich von der Therapie der wesentlich häufigeren bakteriellen Osteomyelitis unterscheidet. Im Hinblick darauf ist die skelettszintigraphische Diagnostik therapieresistenter Osteomyelitiden dringend anzuraten.
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