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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Attraction of honey bees to flowering plants by using synthetic Nasonov pheromone (1981)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 30 (1981), S. 199-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Honey bee ; Nasonov pheromone ; attraction ; foraging ; pollination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00300889
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nasonov pheromone of the honey bee,Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) (1980)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 6 (1980), S. 425-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Honey bee ; Apis mellifera ; pheromone ; Nasonov pheromone ; extraction technique ; GC-MS ; [13C]-NMR ; terpenoids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Composition of the Nasonov pheromone of the honey bee has been reexamined using new procedures, including analysis of pheromone from single live insects by capillary column GC-MS. Two new components have been identified, nerol and (E,E)-farnesol, and the presence of components proposed previously has been confirmed. Absolute amounts or relative proportions of components in the pheromonal secretion have been determined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01402919
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Nasonov pheromone of the honeybeeApis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Part II. Bioassay of the components using foragers (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 7 (1981), S. 225-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Honeybee ; Apis mellifera ; Hymenoptera ; Apidae ; pheromone ; Nasonov pheromone ; footprint pheromone ; bioassay ; anemotaxis ; geraniol ; nerobic acid ; (Z)-citral ; geranic acid ; (E,E)-farnesol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The Nasonov pheromone of the honeybee comprises seven components, (Z)-citral, nerol, geraniol, nerolic acid, geranic acid, and (E,E)-farnesol. Bioassay of individual components showed each attracted foraging bees. A mixture of components in proportions present in the honeybee was as attractive as the natural secretion, and each component contributed to the attractiveness of the mixture. Honeybees responded anemotactically to the source of Nasonov odor. The presence of footprint pheromone enhanced the attractiveness of the synthetic Nasonov mixture. Nasonov and footprint pheromones may prove useful in attracting honeybees to crops needing pollination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00995745
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nasonov pheromone of the honey bee,Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera, Apidae). part III. (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 7 (1981), S. 543-554 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Honey bees ; Apis mellifera ; pheromone ; Nasonov pheromone ; enzymic oxidation ; terpenoids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract GC and GC-MS analyses of the multicomponent Nasonov pheromone of the honey bee, and of the air above insects releasing the pheromone, show that constant composition is maintained during release, despite differing volatilities of the components. The regulating mechanism may involve a specific enzyme process, detected in excised Nasonov glands, which converts the major component geraniol into the more volatile (E)-citral. Analysis of honey bees of known ages and at different times of year shows that maximum secretion occurs when foraging is most likely.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00987702
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    (Z)-11-eicosen-1-ol, an important new pheromonal component from the sting of the honey bee,Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera, Apidae.) (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 8 (1982), S. 163-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Honey bee ; Apis mellifera ; Hymenoptera ; Apidae ; pheromone ; (Z)-11-eicosen-1-ol ; sting ; EAG ; alarm pheromone ; mass spectrometry ; epoxides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract (Z)-11-Eicosen-1-ol was identified by GC-MS and microchemical methods as a major volatile component, ca. 5 μg per insect, secreted by the sting apparatus of the worker honey bee. When presented on moving lures at the hive entrance, (Z)-11-eicosen-1-ol, like isopentyl acetate already known as an alarm pheromone, elicited stinging, and together these two compounds were as active as the natural pheromone from the sting. On stationary lures, (Z)-11-eicosen-1-ol prolonged the effectiveness of isopentyl acetate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984013
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nasonov pheromone of the honeybee.Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera, Apidae) (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 8 (1982), S. 567-574 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Honeybee ; Apis mellifera ; Hymenoptera ; Apidae ; electro-antennography ; Nasonov pheromone ; multicomponent pheromone ; enzymic oxidation ; behavior ; foraging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Electroantennogram (EAG) responses from worker honeybee antennae were obtained for each Nasonov component. Response amplitudes to 10 μg of components correlated well with reported relative abilities to attract foragers in the field. EAG responses of worker, queen, and drone antennae to natural pheromone were consistently greater than to synthetic pheromone, a difference only partly explained by enzymic conversion of geraniol to (E)-citral during preparation of natural extracts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00987804
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Finding suspected causes of measurement error in multivariate environmental data (1993)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Chemometrics 7 (1993), S. 165-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-9383
    Keywords: Measurement error ; Outliers ; Environmental ; Quality control ; Multivariate kurtosis ; Generalized distance ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Environmental data are usually multivariate, with the variables conforming to some correlation structure. Occasionally, measurements which do not conform in structure or magnitude may occur in one or more variables. It is important (1) to characterize these discordancies in terms of the disturbed variables and the direction and magnitude of the anomalous error and (2) to associate each discordant observation with a specific cause of measurement error in order to prevent further mismeasurement. We describe a procedure for identifying suspected causes of discordant observations in otherwise multinormal data sets. Variables are assigned to groups, each of which is associated with a specific cause of measurement error. Discordant observations are identified with the generalized distance test or the multivariate kurtosis test. Suspected causes of measurement error are identified by repeating the tests with one of the groups of variables omitted in each analysis. The procedures are evaluated with simulated data sets having a correlation structure similar to that of a large environmental data set.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cem.1180070304
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Finding causes of outliers in multivariate environmental data (1991)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Chemometrics 5 (1991), S. 241-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-9383
    Keywords: Multivariate kurtosis ; Generalized distance ; Multivariate outliers ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Multivariate outliers in environmental data sets are often caused by atypical measurement error in a single variable. From a quality assurance perspective it is important to identify these variables efficiently so that corrective actions may be performed. We demonstrate a procedure for using two multivariate tests to identify which variable ‘caused’ each outlier. The procedure is tested with simulated data sets have have the same correlation structure as selected water chemistry variables from a survey of lakes in the Western United States. The success rates are evaluated for three of the variables for sample sizes of 50 and 100, significance levels of 0.01 and 0.05 and various amounts of mean shift. The procedure works best for highly correlated variables.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cem.1180050311
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stereoselection in designed three-helix bundle metalloproteins (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chirality 10 (1998), S. 35-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: de novo design ; self-assembly ; metalloproteins ; diastereoselection ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The stereochemical consequences of the metal-ion assisted self-assembly of parallel three-helix peptide bundles are investigated. Chiral induction in the self-assembly of systems containing extensive protein secondary structure is compared with the racemic synthesis of short metallopeptides. Isolation and characterization of the individual stereoisomers of an exchange-inert metalloprotein provide structural insights into analogous exchange-labile systems. Chirality 10:35-40, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss,Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chir.7
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organic molecular rectifiers (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 5 (1995), S. 305-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Keywords: rectification ; Langmuir-Blodgett films ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: In the field of molecular scale electronics the drive is towards the fabrication of self-assembled, organic, nanoscale architectures which will have an active role to play in novel electronic devices. As a formative step towards this goal the creation of an organic analogue to the p-n junction was proposed by Aviram and Ratner in the 1970s. In their proposal a monomolecular layer of a charge transfer species controls current flow between a pair of metal electrodes, allowing easy flow for only one polarity of the applied voltage. Such metal/molecular layer/metal structures have now been fabricated, utilising the self-ordering properties of Langmuir-Blodgett films to form the organic layer, with one dimension of the device being reduced to the molecular scale. The fabrication techniques involved in the generation of these M/LB/M junctions are now described along with the present understanding of conduction mechanisms through such nanoscale thickness junctions. These structures clearly show that the organic molecular layers can control current passage in electronic devices emulating some of the characteristics of an inorganic semiconducting p-n junction.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/amo.860050604
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