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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Topographical distribution of the gonadotrophs, mammotrophs, somatotrophs and thyrotrophs in the pituitary gland of the baboon (Papio cynocephalus) (1983)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 230 (1983), S. 233-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Baboon ; Pituitary gland ; Gonadotrophs ; Mammotrophs ; Somatotrophs ; Thyrotrophs ; Immunocytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The identification and regionalization of four pituitary parenchymal cell types, gonadotrophs, mammotrophs, somatotrophs and thyrotrophs, were studied in the baboon (Papio cynocephalus) hypophysis using immunocytochemistry. The gonadotrophs were homogeneously distributed throughout the entire pars distalis. Both mammotrophs and somatotrophs predominate at the superior and inferior poles of the organ. The medial and anteromedial regions are populated by mammotrophs and thyrotrophs, while the lateral and posterior portions of the pars distalis contain large numbers of somatotrophs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00216044
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between pulse rate and pulse width for a constant-intensity level of electrocutaneous stimulation (1985)
    Springer
    Annals of biomedical engineering 13 (1985), S. 373-383 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9686
    Keywords: Electrocutaneous stimulation ; Tactile psychophysics ; Artificial sensory communications
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The relationship between pulse rate (PR) and pulse width (PW) for a constant level of electrocutaneous stimulation was ascertained using the method of comparative judgments. Twelve volunteer subjects were asked to adjust the PW of a Comparison Stimulus (S2) until its intensity matched that of a Standard Stimulus (S1) for which the PW was 200 μs and PR was 10 or 20 pulses per sec (pps). As expected, the experimental results indicate that the PW of a constant-current amplitude pulse train should decrease as its PR increases if a constant level of tactile stimulation intensity is desired. However, PW and PR were not linear-inversely related (p〈0.005). Rather, their relationship was best described by a logarithmic equation: log PW=a+b log PR, where PW is in microseconds,a is 2.82,b is −0.412, and PR is between 1 and 100 pps. Utilization of this relationship during electrical stimulation of the skin sense will decouple the intensity component of the tactile sensation from its frequency component, thereby enhancing the potential comfort and clarity of this sensory communication interface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02407767
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of training on human tracking of electrocutaneous signals (1986)
    Springer
    Annals of biomedical engineering 14 (1986), S. 369-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9686
    Keywords: Electrotactile stimulation ; Electrocutaneous tracking ; Artificial sensory communications ; Training effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The effects of training on a person's ability to perceive, interpret and utilize information presented via the tactile sense were examined by using a dual-channel electrocutaneous tracking approach. The electrocutaneous code studied was linear pulse rate encoding of information. The stimulus had a pulse width of 200 μs and a pulse rate between 2 and 50 pulsed per second. Three tracking tasks-visual tracking, onedimensional electrocutaneous tracking and two-dimensional electrocutaneous tracking-were performed by 20 subjects during eight to nine daily training sessions. The effects of this training regimen were found to be highly significant for both electrocutaneous tracking tasks (p〈0.00005). The overall average improvement between successive training sessions was 21.6% for one-dimensional electrocutaneous tracking and 22.9% for two-dimensional electrocutaneous tracking. Furthermore, the rate of improvement was fastest during the initial training sessions with a slower rate of improvement seen in most subjects beginning with their fifth session. The cumulative effects of training were also reflected in the lesser amounts of practice and review required by the subjects with each succeeding test session. Results from this study can be used to estimate the amount and rate of improvement that one can expect using a typical training program for tactile sensory aids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02367409
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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