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  • Endocytosis  (3)
  • Aspartate aminotransferase (immunocytochemistry, subcellular fractionation)  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellular localization of nodule-enhanced aspartate aminotransferase inMedicago sativa L. (1994)
    Springer
    Planta 192 (1994), S. 202-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Aspartate aminotransferase (immunocytochemistry, subcellular fractionation) ; Glutamate oxaloacetic transaminase ; Medicago (root nodules, N2 fixation) ; Nitrogen fixation ; Root nodule
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Aspartate aminotransferase (AAT; EC 2.6.1.1) catalyzes the synthesis of the amino acid aspartate which, in alfalfa root nodules, serves as the immediate precursor of the primary N-transport compound, asparagine. The enzyme AAT may also be important in providing substrates for host-plant and bacteroid respiration. The enzyme occurs as two isoenzymes, AAT-1 and AAT-2, with AAT-1 more abundant in roots and AAT-2 predominant in root nodules. To further elucidate the role of AAT in root-nodule metabolism, subcellular fractionation and immunocytochemical methods were used to determine the intra- and intercellular localization of these two isozymes. Fractionation of nodule subcellular components showed that AAT-2 was localized in amyloplasts. Immunogold labelling with AAT-2 antibodies unequivocally confirmed this, showing that AAT-2 was localized in nodule amyloplasts and leaf chloroplasts. In root nodules, the density of immunogold labelling of infected cell plastids was almost four times that of uninfected cell plastids. The data suggest that aspartate biosynthesis in alfalfa root nodules occurs primarily in the plastids of infected cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01089036
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Uptake of Lucifer Yellow CH into intact barley roots: Evidence for fluid-phase endocytosis (1988)
    Springer
    Planta 176 (1988), S. 541-547 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Endocytosis ; Hordeum (endocytosis) ; Lucifer Yellow (uptake, root) ; Root (endocytosis) ; Vacuole (dye uptake)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Intact barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) roots have been shown to take up the highly fluorescent dye Lucifer Yellow CH (LYCH) into their cell vacuoles. In the apical 1 cm of root tip, differentiating and dividing cells showed a prolific uptake of LYCH into their provacuoles. The LYCH was retained during fixation, apparently becoming bound to electron-dense material in the vacuoles. The dye freely entered the apoplast of roots in which the Casparian band was not developed, being taken up into the vacuoles of cells in both the cortex and stele. However, when LYCH was applied to a 1-cm zone approx. 6 cm behind the root tip the Casparian band on the radial walls of the endodermis completely prevented the dye from entering the cells of the stele, only the cell walls and vacuoles of the cortical cells taking up the dye. The inability of LYCH to cross the plasmalemma of the endodermal cells and enter the stele via the symplast substantiates previous claims that the dye is unable to cross the plasmalemma of plant cells. The results are discussed in the light of recent demonstrations that LYCH is a particularly effective marker for fluid-phase endocytosis in animal and yeast cells. A calculation of the energetic requirements for LYCH uptake into barley roots supports the contention that LYCH is taken up into the vacuoles of plant cells by fluid-phase endocytosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00397662
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellular localization of nodule-enhanced aspartate aminotransferase in Medicago sativa L. (1994)
    Springer
    Planta 192 (1994), S. 202-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Aspartate aminotransferase (immunocytochemistry, subcellular fractionation) ; Glutamate oxaloacetic transaminase ; Medicago (root nodules, N2 fixation) ; Nitrogen fixation ; Root nodule
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Aspartate aminotransferase (AAT; EC 2.6.1.1) catalyzes the synthesis of the amino acid aspartate which, in alfalfa root nodules, serves as the immediate precursor of the primary N-transport compound, asparagine. The enzyme AAT may also be important in providing substrates for host-plant and bacteroid respiration. The enzyme occurs as two isoenzymes, AAT-1 and AAT-2, with AAT-1 more abundant in roots and AAT-2 predominant in root nodules. To further elucidate the role of AAT in root-nodule metabolism, subcellular fractionation and immunocytochemical methods were used to determine the intra- and intercellular localization of these two isozymes. Fractionation of nodule subcellular components showed that AAT-2 was localized in amyloplasts. Immunogold labelling with AAT-2 antibodies unequivocally confirmed this, showing that AAT-2 was localized in nodule amyloplasts and leaf chloroplasts. In root nodules, the density of immunogold labelling of infected cell plastids was almost four times that of uninfected cell plastids. The data suggest that aspartate biosynthesis in alfalfa root nodules occurs primarily in the plastids of infected cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194454
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Uptake of Lucifer yellow CH in leaves ofCommelina communis is mediated by endocytosis (1990)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 158 (1990), S. 142-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Commelina leaves ; Endocytosis ; Laser scan ; Lucifer yellow ; Mesophyll protoplasts ; Patch pipette
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Lucifer yellow CH (LY) uptake into intact leaves ofCommelina communis has been studied with conventional fluorescence microscopy as well as confocal laser scanning microscopy. LY, a highly fluorescent tracer for apoplastic transport in plants and fluid phase endocytosis in animal cells, accumulates in the vacuole of leaf cells. However, considerable differences in the ability to take up LY were observed among the various cell types. Mesophyll cells take up large amounts of the dye whereas epidermal cells, including guard and subsidiary cells, showed no fluorescence in their vacuoles. An exception to this are trichome cells which show considerable accumulation of LY. When introduced into the cytoplasm of mesophyll protoplasts ofC. communis by means of a patch-clamp pipette, LY does not enter the vacuole. This supports the contention that exogenous LY can only gain access to the vacuole via endocytosis. Differences in the capacity for LY uptake may therefore reflect differences in endocytotic activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01323126
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endocytosis in maize root cap cells (1985)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 129 (1985), S. 214-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Coated pit/vesicle ; Endocytosis ; Golgi apparatus ; Lanthanum ; Lead ; Maize root cap cells ; Membrane recycling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Primary roots of maize seedlings have been treated with solutions of lanthanum and lead salts in an attempt to demonstrate endocytosis. Subsurface cells in the root cap reveal deposits of these heavy metals in coated pits in the plasma membrane and in coated vesicles. In addition lead deposits were observed in coated evaginations (pits) on large (secretory) vesicles present at the trans-pole of the Golgi apparatus and on small vacuoles. Lead was also found in the peripheral regions of individual cisternae throughout the dictyosomal stack. We interpret our results as providing evidence for coated pit/coated vesicle-mediated endocytosis and for the direct recycling of plasma membrane to the Golgi apparatus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01279918
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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