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  • messenger RNA (mRNA)  (2)
  • Aspergillus awamori  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Islet amyloid polypeptide (amylin) and insulin are differentially expressed in chronic diabetes induced by streptozotocin in rats (1996)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 39 (1996), S. 649-657 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) ; amylin ; insulin ; messenger RNA (mRNA) ; in situ hybridization ; streptozotocin ; dexamethasone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) is over-expressed relative to insulin under several experimental conditions relevant to diabetes mellitus, including the immediate phase (7 days) following induction of streptozotocin diabetes. In the present study, IAPP and insulin gene expression were examined in chronic streptozotocin diabetes (3 weeks) in rats. Quantitative in situ hybridization, determining grain areas and optical densities of mRNA labelling, revealed that IAPP and insulin expression were reduced at the islet level at both low and high streptozotocin doses, partly due to reduced beta-cell mass. In contrast, the cellular levels of IAPP mRNA were either increased or unaffected at the low and high streptozotocin doses, respectively, whereas those of insulin mRNA were unaffected or reduced. When dexamethasone was administered to rats given the low streptozotocin dose, IAPP expression was increased, whereas that of insulin was markedly reduced. Immunocytochemistry revealed that IAPP predominantly occurred in insulin cells and to a lesser extent in somatostatin cells at all treatments examined. Our findings demonstrate that IAPP and insulin gene expression are differentially regulated; the over-expression of IAPP relative to insulin is augmented when the beta-cell insult is aggravated, in our experiments represented by massive beta-cell destruction (high streptozotocin dose) or a combination of moderate beta-cell damage and peripheral insulin resistance (low streptozotocin dose and dexamethasone). An over-expression of IAPP relative to insulin may therefore be involved in diabetes pathogenesis, contributing to its metabolic perturbations, possibly through the capacity of IAPP to restrain insulin release and action and to form islet amyloid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00418536
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Islet amyloid polypeptide (amylin) and insulin are differentially expressed in chronic diabetes induced by streptozotocin in rats (1996)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 39 (1996), S. 649-657 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) ; amylin ; insulin ; messenger RNA (mRNA) ; in situ hybridization ; streptozotocin ; dexamethasone.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) is over-expressed relative to insulin under several experimental conditions relevant to diabetes mellitus, including the immediate phase (7 days) following induction of streptozotocin diabetes. In the present study, IAPP and insulin gene expression were examined in chronic streptozotocin diabetes (3 weeks) in rats. Quantitative in situ hybridization, determining grain areas and optical densities of mRNA labelling, revealed that IAPP and insulin expression were reduced at the islet level at both low and high streptozotocin doses, partly due to reduced beta-cell mass. In contrast, the cellular levels of IAPP mRNA were either increased or unaffected at the low and high streptozotocin doses, respectively, whereas those of insulin mRNA were unaffected or reduced. When dexamethasone was administered to rats given the low streptozotocin dose, IAPP expression was increased, whereas that of insulin was markedly reduced. Immunocytochemistry revealed that IAPP predominantly occurred in insulin cells and to a lesser extent in somatostatin cells at all treatments examined. Our findings demonstrate that IAPP and insulin gene expression are differentially regulated; the over-expression of IAPP relative to insulin is augmented when the beta-cell insult is aggravated, in our experiments represented by massive beta-cell destruction (high streptozotocin dose) or a combination of moderate beta-cell damage and peripheral insulin resistance (low streptozotocin dose and dexamethasone). An over-expression of IAPP relative to insulin may therefore be involved in diabetes pathogenesis, contributing to its metabolic perturbations, possibly through the capacity of IAPP to restrain insulin release and action and to form islet amyloid. [Diabetologia (1996) 39: 649–657]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050492
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intrinsic kinetic parameters of the pellet forming fungus Aspergillus awamori (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 58 (1998), S. 478-485 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Aspergillus awamori ; intrinsic kinetic parameters ; oxygen concentration profiles ; oxygen microelectrode ; immobilisation ; pellet formation ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Fungi like Aspergillus awamori may spontaneously form pellets, which introduces an extra oxygen transfer resistance and influences the activity of the microorganism. Consequently, dramatic variations of apparent kinetics are reported in literature, due to variations in culture conditions, e.g., oxygen bulk concentration and pellet morphology. True intrinsic growth parameters like maximum growth rate and biomass yield, are important for process modelling and design. Values for these parameters may be obtained from observed kinetics by properly accounting for the anaerobic activity of the fungus. The true aerobic carbon yield for A. awamori of 0.6 mol Cx/mol Cs could be determined from the observed biomass yield after macroscopic monitoring of the anaerobic activity, and correction for the ethanol production by the fungal pellets. The true maximum growth rate was obtained from artificially immobilised A. awamori. In such well-defined system, transport is only diffusive and the morphology is not influenced by the stirring conditions. A maximum growth rate of 0.4 h-1 at pH 4.5 could be established in gel beads after microscopic monitoring of the oxygen penetration with microelectrodes. The developing biomass concentration profiles in these beads may be inferred from an adequate theoretical description of the oxygen profiles in course of time. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 58: 478-485, 1998.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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