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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The pharmacokinetics of the β2-adrenoceptor agonist, tulobuterol, given transdermally and by inhalation (1993)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 44 (1993), S. 361-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Tulobuterol ; β2-adrenoceptor agonist ; aerosol inhalation ; transdermal delivery ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have studied the pharmacokinetics of tulobuterol given transdermally or by aerosol inhalation in healthy male volunteers. Tulobuterol was rapidly absorbed after inhalation, with a tmax of 0.8–1.5 h. The Cmax and the AUC increased linearly with dose. Tulobuterol was well absorbed after transdermal administration, with an absorption lag-time of about 4 h. The Cmax and AUC increased linearly with dose and the tmax was about 9–12 h. The mean percentage of drug absorbed during the application of a patch for 24 h was 82–90% after a single dose and 82–85% during repeated dosing. The mean urinary recoveries as unchanged drug after a single inhalation and patch application were 3–4% and 5–6% respectively. Tulobuterol did not accumulate during repeated inhalation or transdermal application. It was well tolerated, except for an increase in heart rate of 10–20 beats · min−1 after five repeated applications of a 4 mg patch.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00316473
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Using ofloxacin as a time marker in hair analysis for monitoring the dosage history of haloperidol (1994)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 47 (1994), S. 195-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Ofloxacin ; Haloperidol ; Scalp hair ; time marker ; dosage history ; HPLC
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Hair samples were obtained 1–5 months after ingestion of the antimicrobial ofloxacin, which had been given for 1 or 3 days at the commencement of haloperidol administration, or when its dosage was reduced. The axial distribution of ofloxacin, haloperidol and its active metabolite, reduced haloperidol, was analysed in segments from single strands of hair. Ofloxacin was detected where the content of haloperidol and reduced haloperidol along the hair shaft showed a sharp change, corresponding to the change in dose. When we matched the time scale of the dosage history to the growth rate, which was estimated using ofloxacin as the time marker, the distribution of the haloperidol and reduced haloperidol precisely coincided with the rise and fall in the dose of haloperidol. These findings demonstrate that ofloxacin can serve as a time marker when drug distribution along the hair shaft is used to obtain the drug exposure history of an individual.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194972
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular phylogeny ofBrachycome (Asteraceae) (1999)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 217 (1999), S. 299-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Asteraceae ; Astereae ; Brachycome ; Australia ; chloroplast DNA ; matK ; fruit morphology ; chromosome number
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Intrageneric relationships in the genusBrachycome were investigated by the comparison of nucleotide sequences of the chloroplast genematK. Evolutionary trends of some morphological and cytological characters were estimated based on thematK tree. The results indicate thatBrachycome is divided into four major clades, and circumscription of superspecies based primarily on fruit morphology is not fully supported. Fruit morphology has evolved in parallel from simple to complex structures in several lineages. The ancestral basic chromosome number isx = 9, and lower chromosome numbers are the products of several dysploid reductions fromn = 9 in two of four major clades ofBrachycome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984372
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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