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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 37 (1976), S. 125-137 
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Shift work ; Body temperature ; Circadian rhythm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of permanent night and rapidly rotating shift systems on the daily course of body temperature were examined in an experimental situation. In the first series of tests 4 subjects worked on night shift for 3 successive weeks. A further 4 subjects worked on rapidly rotating shift systems; 2 subjects on a 1 - 1 - 1 - system (first day early shift, 2nd day late shift, 3rd day night shift, 4th day free), and 2 subjects on a 2 - 2 - 2 -system (“metropolitan rota”). Only slight changes in the daily course of rectal temperature were found with single night shifts. The greatest changes in the circadian rhythm occurred during the first week of night shifts. p]Even after 21 consecutive night shifts we failed to find complete inversion of the daily course of body temperature. In view of these test results rapidly rotating shift systems would seem to be advisable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 46 (1980), S. 111-125 
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Shift work ; Night sleep ; Day sleep ; Ultradian rhythmicity ; Noise
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In connection with experimental shift work 20 volunteers were examined while working on different rapidly or slowly rotating shift systems. Sleep was analysed over a total of 112 days. Sleep was disturbed by childrens' noise or traffic noise. Sleep duration and sleep quality were particularly badly affected by noise with a high information value (childrens' noise). The ultradian rhythmicity of sleep did not appear to be disrupted by the change from day to night work. There were no significant differences between morning sleep and afternoon sleep after night work. In the laboratory experiments with fixed sleep durations, no separate effects on sleep quality could be established for different shift systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 46 (1980), S. 167-177 
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Sleep duration ; Shift work ; Day sleep ; Night sleep
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Time budget studies were performed in eight groups of shift workers. The 9,480 diary records of altogether 1,230 shift workers were analyzed and related to corresponding shift types. The shortest night sleep was found before the morning shift (mean 7.0 h). There were large differences in the duration of day sleep when classifying this sleep into specific types, as day sleep before 1st night shift (mean 2.1 h), between two night shifts (mean 6.1 h), or after last night shift (mean 4.2 h). Average sleep durations of five kinds of day sleep and 12 kinds of night sleep are presented together with 14 frequency distributions of durations of sleep. It is concluded that there should not be many night shifts in succession and that morning shifts should not begin too early to avoid an accumulation of sleep deficits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Stairclimbing ; Physical working capacity ; Occupation ; Employee ; Treppensteigen ; Körperliche LeistungsfÄhigkeit ; Beruf ; Angestellter
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Nach einer klinischen Untersuchung und der Bestimmung der körperlichen LeistungsfÄhigkeit wurden aus 52 freiwilligen mÄnnlichen Angestellten in einem 31 Stockwerk hohen VerwaltungsgebÄude Vergleichspaare („matched pairs“) gebildet. Nach Zufallszahlen wurde jeweils ein „Zwilling“ jedes Paares einer Interventionsgruppe (Treppensteigen) und der andere „Zwilling“ der Kontrollgruppe (Aufzugfahren) zugewiesen. Die Interventionsgruppe wurde gebeten, 10 Wochen lang mindestens 25 Stockwerke/Arbeitstag oder 125 Stockwerke/Woche zu ersteigen. Die Kontrollgruppe sollte auch in diesem Zeitraum wie vorher den Aufzug benutzen. Die physiologischen Messungen wurden vor und nach der Intervention durchgeführt. Die Zahl der gestiegenen Stockwerke wurde tÄglich von den Probanden in ein Protokoll eingetragen. Die Herzfrequenz wurde kontinuierlich wÄhrend je eines Arbeitstages vor und wÄhrend der Intervention registriert. Die durchschnittliche Trainingsmenge in der am Ende der Untersuchung übrig gebliebenen Interventionsgruppe (n=19) betrug 29,9 Stockwerke/Arbeitstag oder 36 790 kpm/Woche, in der Kontrollgruppe (n=19) dagegen nur 4,6 Stockwerke/Arbeitstag und 5980 kpm/Woche. Als mittlere Trainingsfrequenz ergaben sich 4,3 Aufstiege/Arbeitstag in der Interventionsgruppe und 1,4 Aufstiege/Arbeitstag in der Kontrollgruppe. In der Interventionsgruppe wurden im Durchschnitt 7,0 Stockwerke hintereinander gestiegen und in der Kontrollgruppe 3,4 Stockwerke. Die durchschnittliche Anzahl der Minuten, in denen pro Arbeitstag eine Herzfrequenz von 130–159 SchlÄgen/min gezÄhlt wurde, betrug 7,8 in der Interventions- und 1,6 in der Kontrollgruppe. Für die Interventionsgruppe wurde nach der Intervention eine Steigerung der W170 (W/kg) um 17,8% und der geschÄtzten VO2max (ml/min/kg) um 15,1% ermittelt. Der Unterschied zwischen Kontroll- und Interventionsgruppe war signifikant (p〈0,01). Das Treppensteigen scheint nach diesen Ergebnissen eine geeignete berufsnahe Trainingsmöglichkeit für untrainierte MÄnner im mittleren Alter darzustellen.
    Notes: Summary Following medical screening and physical fitness testing (W170) 52 voluntary employees in a 31-story administration building were formed into matched pairs and randomly allocated into intervention (stairclimbing) and control (lift) groups. The intervention group was asked to climb at least 25 floors/workday or 125 floors/week. The control group was asked to use only the lift. The intervention time was 10 weeks. The physiological measurements were made before and after the intervention. The number of stairs climbed was recorded daily in a diary. The heart rate was recorded continuously over one workday before and during the intervention. The average quantity of training in the final intervention group (n=19) was 29.9 floors/workday or 36,790 kpm/week and in the control group 4.6 and 5980 correspondingly. The average training frequency was 4.3 in intervention- and 1.4 climbs/workday in the control group. The average number of continuous floors used during climbing was 7.0 in intervention and 3.4 in control group. The average number of minutes on heart rate level of 130–159 beats/min during one workday was 7.8 in intervention and 1.6 in control group. The W170 (W/kg) increased 17.8% and the predicted VO2max (ml/min/kg) 15.1% in intervention group. The difference between the intervention group and the control group was significant (p〈0.01). It was concluded, that stairclimbing is a suitable on the job physical activity program for middle-aged, untrained men.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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