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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of ethambutol in pharmaceutical preparations by atomic absorption spectrometry, spectrophotometry and potentiometry (1992)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 109 (1992), S. 193-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: pharmaceutical analysis ; determination of ethambutol ; copper electrode ; atomic-absorption spectrometry ; spectrophotometry ; copper-ethambutol complex
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Simple methods are described for the determination of ethambutol in pharmaceutical preparations. They are based on the reaction of the drug with copper phosphate suspension in a borate buffer of pH 9.2, whereby a blue 1∶1 water-soluble copper-ethambutol complex is quantitatively formed. Four portions of the reaction solution are used for (i) measurement of copper by atomic-absorption spectrometry at 324.7 nm; (ii) potentiometric titration with EDTA with use of a solid-state copper ion-selective electrode; (iii) visual titration with EDTA (copper-PAN indicator); and (iv) spectrophotometric measurement of the copper-ethambutol complex at 640 nm. The results obtained are in good agreement and are better than those of the British Pharmacopoeia (BP) method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01242474
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Membrane sensors for batch and flow injection potentiometric determination of ethamsylate (cyclonamine) in pharmaceutical preparations (1997)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 126 (1997), S. 217-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: determination ; ethamsylate ; potentiometry ; pharmaceutical analysis ; nickel and iron bathophenanthroline ; ion-selective electrode
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The lipophilic nickel(II) and iron(II) bathophenanthroline derivatives of ethamsylate are used as ion-exchangers with high selectivity characteristics for ethamsylate. Poly(vinyl chloride) membrane sensors incorporating these electroactive materials display fast linear response for 1 × 10−1−1 × 10−4 M ethamsylate under static and hydrodynamic modes of operation. In an acetate buffer of pH 4, the calibration slope is 51–53 mV/concentration decade and the lower limit of detection is 5.3 μg/ml. Except for salicylate and nitrate, most common anions, organic sulfonates, carboxylates, phenolates and various pharmaceutical excipients and diluents do not interfere. Determination of ethamsylate in various dosage forms shows an average recovery of 98.9% of the nominal and a mean standard deviation of 0.7%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01242323
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct potentiometry and potentiotitrimetry of warfarin and ibuprofen in pharmaceutical preparations using PVC ferroin-based membrane sensors (1998)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 129 (1998), S. 251-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: direct potentiometry ; potentiotitrimetry ; pharmaceutical analysis ; warfarin ; ibuprofen ; ferroin ; membrane sensors ; ionselective electrode
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Sensitive and fast-responding potentiometric sensors are described for the determination of warfarin and ibuprofen. They consist of PVC matrix membranes containing the drag-ferroin ion-association complexes as electroactive materials and dioctylphthalate as a solvent mediator. Linear dynamic response range between 1 × 10−2 and 2 × 10−5 M with Nernstian slopes of 59–60 mV/decade concentration and a detection limit of 0.8–1.3 μg/ml are obtained. A wide range of organic anions and drag excipients do not interfere. Titration of the drugs with a standard ferroin solution using either a drag-ferroin or ferroin-TPB PVC sensor in conjunction with an Ag-AgCl reference electrode displaysS-shaped titration curves with sharp potential breaks at stoichiometric 1∶2 (ferroin:drug) reaction. Differential titration curves with well-defined peaks at the equivalence points are obtained using drug-ferroin/ferroin-TPB PVC membrane sensors. Direct potentiometry and potentiotitrimetry of warfarin and ibuprofen in various pharmaceutical preparations are presented and compared. Several advantages over the pharmacopoeial methods and other techniques in current use are offered by the proposed technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01244748
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of cinnarizine in pharmaceutical preparations by spectrophotometry, atomic absorption spectrometry and potentiometry (1998)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 128 (1998), S. 69-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: atomic absorption spectrometry ; spectrophotometry ; potentiometry ; cinnarizine ; cobalt tetrathiocyanate complex ; PVC membrane sensor ; pharmaceutical analysis ; ion-selective electrodes ; dosage forms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract New methods are developed for the determination of cinnarizine in various dosage forms. They are based on the reaction of cinnarizinium cation with cobalt tetrathiocyanate anion, whereby a sparingly soluble blue 2∶1 drug: reagent ion-pair complex is quantitatively formed. The complex is (a) extracted with nitrobenzene and spectrophotometrically measured at 622 nm; (b) extracted with nitrobenzene and nebulized in an air-acetylene flame for atomic absorption spectrometric monitoring of cobalt at 242.5 nm; and (c) dispersed in a PVC membrane plasticized with 2-nitrophenyloctyl ether and used as a sensor for direct potentiometric determination of the drug. Optimum reaction conditions and performances of the three analytical techniques are evaluated and compared. At the 25 mg level of cinnarizine, the three methods give results with equal accuracy and precision. The average recovery is 98–99% of the nominal and the mean standard deviation is 0.7%. No significant interferences are caused by drug excipients and diluents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01242192
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion-selective electrodes in organic functional group analysis: Microdetermination of the amino group using the chloride electrode (1974)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 270 (1974), S. 125-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. der Aminogruppe ; Elektroden, ionenselektive ; Chloridelektrode
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00434065
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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