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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic determination of morphine in illicit powders, using a fluoride selective electrode, based on reaction with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (1996)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 124 (1996), S. 55-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: determination of morphine ; potentiometry ; fluoride electrode ; kinetic analysis ; illicit powders ; 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A simple, accurate and selective method is described for the determination of morphine in illicit powders, based on monitoring the initial rate of fluoride ion liberation from the reaction of morphine with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene at pH 9 and 35 °C, using a solid-state fluoride ion-selective electrode. Under optimized reaction conditions, as little as 15 μg/ml of morphine is determined with an average recovery of 99.5% and a mean relative standard deviation of 1.2%. Determination of morphine in real illicit powders containing 6–18% morphine gives results comparing favorably with those obtained from isocratic reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. No interferences are caused by many structurally related and associated compounds such as codeine, acetylcodeine, ethylmorphine, acetylmorphine and diacetylmorphine (heroin).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01244957
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct determination of benzylnitriles using the cyanide ion selective electrode (1986)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 88 (1986), S. 201-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: potentiometry ; cyanide electrode ; determination of benzylnitriles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The response characteristics of the solid state cyanide ion selective electrode towards some benzylnitriles are investigated. In 10M KOH solution, the electrode exhibits nearly Nernstian response over the concentration range of 10−2 to 10−4 M of various substituted benzylnitriles with an anionic slope of 53–59 mV/concentration decade. The response time varies from 10 to 20 min depending on both the nature of the substituent group and the concentration of the nitrile compound. Direct potentiometric measurement of some nitrile compounds at the concentration level of 0.01 to 1 mg/ml shows an average recovery of 98.2% and a mean standard deviation of 2.3%. Many nitrogen functional groups do not interfere.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01196612
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PVC matrix membrane electrodes based on cobalt and nickel phenanthroline complexes for selective determination of cobalt(II) and nickel(II) ions (1995)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 117 (1995), S. 121-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: nickel determination ; cobalt determination ; potentiometry ; PVC membrane electrodes ; metal phenanthroline-tetraphenylborate complexes ; ion-selective electrodes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Potentiometric sensors for determining cobalt and nickel ions are described. They are based on the use of cobalt and nickel tris(1,10-phenanthroline)-TPB as electroactive compounds dispersed in plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) matrix. The sensors exhibit fast, near-Nernstian responses for cobalt and nickel-phenanthroline cations over the pH range 3–11 with a slope of 30.3 ± 0.3 mV/concentration decade. In the presence of excess 1,10-phenanthroline reagent, cobalt(II) and nickel(II) ions at concentration levels as low as 4 × 10−6 M are accurately determined. The results show an average metal ion recovery of 98.5% with a mean standard deviation of 0.5%. Cobalt in organometallic compounds and nickel in silicate rocks are determined by these sensors and results agreeing fairly well with atomic absorption spectrometry are obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01244882
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Membrane sensors for batch and flow injection potentiometric determination of ethamsylate (cyclonamine) in pharmaceutical preparations (1997)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 126 (1997), S. 217-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: determination ; ethamsylate ; potentiometry ; pharmaceutical analysis ; nickel and iron bathophenanthroline ; ion-selective electrode
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The lipophilic nickel(II) and iron(II) bathophenanthroline derivatives of ethamsylate are used as ion-exchangers with high selectivity characteristics for ethamsylate. Poly(vinyl chloride) membrane sensors incorporating these electroactive materials display fast linear response for 1 × 10−1−1 × 10−4 M ethamsylate under static and hydrodynamic modes of operation. In an acetate buffer of pH 4, the calibration slope is 51–53 mV/concentration decade and the lower limit of detection is 5.3 μg/ml. Except for salicylate and nitrate, most common anions, organic sulfonates, carboxylates, phenolates and various pharmaceutical excipients and diluents do not interfere. Determination of ethamsylate in various dosage forms shows an average recovery of 98.9% of the nominal and a mean standard deviation of 0.7%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01242323
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of cinnarizine in pharmaceutical preparations by spectrophotometry, atomic absorption spectrometry and potentiometry (1998)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 128 (1998), S. 69-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: atomic absorption spectrometry ; spectrophotometry ; potentiometry ; cinnarizine ; cobalt tetrathiocyanate complex ; PVC membrane sensor ; pharmaceutical analysis ; ion-selective electrodes ; dosage forms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract New methods are developed for the determination of cinnarizine in various dosage forms. They are based on the reaction of cinnarizinium cation with cobalt tetrathiocyanate anion, whereby a sparingly soluble blue 2∶1 drug: reagent ion-pair complex is quantitatively formed. The complex is (a) extracted with nitrobenzene and spectrophotometrically measured at 622 nm; (b) extracted with nitrobenzene and nebulized in an air-acetylene flame for atomic absorption spectrometric monitoring of cobalt at 242.5 nm; and (c) dispersed in a PVC membrane plasticized with 2-nitrophenyloctyl ether and used as a sensor for direct potentiometric determination of the drug. Optimum reaction conditions and performances of the three analytical techniques are evaluated and compared. At the 25 mg level of cinnarizine, the three methods give results with equal accuracy and precision. The average recovery is 98–99% of the nominal and the mean standard deviation is 0.7%. No significant interferences are caused by drug excipients and diluents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01242192
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion-selective electrodes in organic functional group analysis: Microdetermination of the amino group using the chloride electrode (1974)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 270 (1974), S. 125-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. der Aminogruppe ; Elektroden, ionenselektive ; Chloridelektrode
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00434065
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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