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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (12)
  • hypertension  (3)
  • Binding site (ethylene)  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of solubilisation on the character of an ethylene-binding site from Phaseolus vulgaris L. cotyledons (1984)
    Springer
    Planta 160 (1984), S. 474-479 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Binding site (ethylene) ; Ethylene (binding site) ; Phaseolus (ethylene binding)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The ethylene-binding site (EBS) from Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Canadian Wonder cotyledons can be solubilised from 96,000 g pelleted material by Triton X-100 or sodium cholate. Extraction of 96,000 g pellets with acetone, butanol or butanol and ether results in a total loss of ethylene-binding activity. Like the membrane-bound form, the solubilised EBS has an apparent KD(liquid) of 10-10 M at a concentration of 32 pmol EBS per gram tissue fresh weight. Propylene and acetylene act as competitive inhibitors, carbon dioxide appears to promote ethylene binding and ethane has no significant effect. The solubilised EBS is completely denatured affect. The solubilised EBS is completely denatured after 10 min at 70°C, by 1 mM mercaptoethanol and 0.1 mM dithiothreitol, but not by trypsin or chymotrypsin. However, solubilisation decreases the rate constant of association from 103 M-1 s-1 to 101–102 M-1 s-1 and hence does not permit experimental determination of the rate constant of dissociation. The pH optimum for ethylene binding is altered from the range pH 7–10 in the membrane-bound form to the pH range 4–7 in the solubilised form. The EBS appears to be a hydrophobic, intergral membrane protein, which requires a hydrophobic environment to retain its activity. Partitioning of the EBS into polymer phases is determined by the detergent used for solubilisation indicating that when solubilised, the EBS forms a complex with detergent molecules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00429766
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Partial purification of an ethylene-binding site from Phaseolus vulgaris L. cotyledons (1985)
    Springer
    Planta 164 (1985), S. 272-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Binding site (ethylene) ; Ethylene (binding site) ; Phaseolus (ethylene binding)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The solubilised ethylene-binding site (EBS) of Phaseolus vulgaris L. cotyledons is an asymmetrical protein with a sedimentation coefficient of 2 S and a Stoke's radius of 6.1 nm (determined by ultracentrifugation on isokinetic gradients and gel-permeation chromatography, respectively). The molecular weight and frictional ratio were calculated as 52 000–60 000 and 2.37–2.48, respectively. The EBS has an isoelectric point at between pH 3–5, determined by isoelectric focussing and exhibits a negative charge at pH 8 during non-denaturing electrophoresis. The electrical charge on the EBS is shielded; the EBS does not bind to anion-exchange media under the experimental conditions reported here, is not precipitated by ammonium sulphate and does not precipitate at its isoelectric pH. The EBS preferentially partitions into detergent phases. The results indicate that the EBS is a hydrophobic protein complexed with detergent in aqueous solution. The techniques used to characterise the EBS also resulted in varying degress of purification.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00396092
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cold sensitivity in essential hypertension: the effect of beta- and combined alpha- and beta-blockade (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 29 (1985), S. 33-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cold sensitivity ; hypertension ; alpha- and beta-blockade
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The presence of cold sensitivity was investigated in three groups of patients; untreated hypertensives and hypertensives treated by a beta-adrenoceptor blocker (propranolol) or by a combined alpha-and beta-adrenoceptor blocker (labetalol) at two ambient temperatures. At a comfortable ambient (24°C) one-third of the untreated and those treated with beta-blockade only showed cold sensitivity as compared with 16% of patients on the combined therapy. Under conditions of mild cold stress (20°C) cold sensitivity increased in frequency in all three groups, more than half of the untreated and beta-blocked patients were affected and greater than one-third of those with alpha- and beta-blockade. These findings indicate that in the general population of hypertensives treatment with beta-adrenoceptor blockade alone may have little effect on the peripheral vasculature and that a useful degree of protection may be provided by therapy which blocks both receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00547365
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dissociation of biochemical and hypotensive effects of debrisoquine in hypertensive patients (1979)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 81-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: debrisoquine ; hypertension ; renin ; catecholamines ; platelet monoamine oxidase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The 24 h urinary excretion of adrenaline, noradrenaline, metadrenaline, normetadrenaline and vanillylmandelic acid, plasma renin activity and plasma and urinary debrisoquine were measured before and during chronic treatment with oral debrisoquine in 14 in-patients with essential hypertension. There was a significant fall (mean ±SD) in the 24 h urinary excretion of vanillylmandelic acid (15.3±2.8 to 6.7±1.9 µmol) noradrenaline (199.0±105.8 to 125.2±43.3 nmol) and plasma renin activity (0.71±0.47 to 0.40±0.20 pmol Angio I ml−1 h−1) while the urinary normetadrenaline/noradrenaline ratio increased (10.4±6.1 to 17.1±5.1). No significant change was seen in the output of adrenaline or of O-methylated metabolites. Debrisoquine produces extensive noncompetitive inhibition of platelet monoamine oxidase in vivo at low therapeutic plasma concentrations. These changes support the view that treatment with debrisoquine produces intraneuronal inhibition of monoamine oxidase and post-ganglionic blockage. There was a significant correlation between the change in standing diastolic blood pressure and the daily dose (rs=−0.52), pre-dose plasma concentration (rs=−0.85) and mean daily urinary recovery (rs=−0.80), of debrisoquine. The full extent of the biochemical changes were seen at low dose and low plasma concentration and were not directly correlated with the fall in standing or supine blood pressure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00563111
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acebutolol in hypertension: Relationships between drug concentration and effects (1978)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 14 (1978), S. 383-390 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Acebutolol ; N-acetyl metabolite ; drug plasma concentrations ; plasma renin activity ; hypertension ; β-blockade
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Relationships between plasma concentrations of acebutolol (Ac) and its N-acetyl metabolite (Am) and pharmacological effects were studied in patients with essential hypertension. In an acute study (N=7) 400 mg oral acebutolol produced similar peak plasma levels of Ac and Am but Am had a longer half life. Group mean pulse and blood pressure fell significantly, although the size of individual blood pressure fall varied five-fold. There was no significant change in plasma renin activity. Correlations were found between drug concentration and β-blockade, assessed as % reduction in exercise tachycardia, and between both of these and the fall in post exercise systolic blood pressure. Similar comparisons were made in a chronic optimum dose study (N=11) both pre-dose and three hours post-dose. Am concentration was consistently higher than Ac at both times. Blood pressure was lowered equally pre-and post-dose when compared to placebo and plasma renin activity (PRA) was reduced on active treatment. Correlations were again shown between drug concentrations and β-blockade but none were found with changes in blood pressure or PRA. Between subject differences in blood pressure response could not be fully explained in terms of the other measurements but it is unlikely that pharmacokinetic differences are the major source of this variability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00716378
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rheology of solvent-cast polymer films (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 28 (1983), S. 3827-3848 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: This paper describes and analyzes the results of an experiment where various thin polymeric films are continuously sheared between smooth glass substrates. The shear force per unit area has been measured as a function of mean uniaxial stress and temperature using representative “good” and “poor” casting solvents followed by a range of heat treatments. The polymers studied include high density polyethylene, polybisphenol-A-carbonate, poly(ethylene terephthalate), atactic polystyrene, isotactic polystyrene, atactic poly(methyl methacrylate), isotactic poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(vinyl acetate), poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(vinyl pyrrolidone), poly(vinyl chloride), and polytetrafluoroethylene. The results indicate that the casting solvent has a very pronounced influence upon the rheology of the film. The casting solvents may apparently confer either ductile or brittle failure in the film and also influence the nature of the temperature and pressure dependence of the shear stress. The data have been analyzed using Eyring theory and also by reference to relevant published literature on the influence of solvent and thermal treatments on the morphology and deformation behavior of polymers. “Good” solvents generally tend to promote a brittle mode of failure with little temperature dependence. The same type of solvents also produced films which have higher shear strengths and show greater increases in shear strength with pressure. These data are adequately rationalized using free volume and entanglement notions.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1983.070281222
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Condensation of poly(4-vinylacetophenone) with various araldehydesCommunication No. 2070 from the Kodak Research Laboratories. (1960)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 3 (1960), S. 310-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The preparation of condensation products of poly(4-vinyl-acetophenone) with various substituted benzaldehydes is described. As in the case of the products obtained by condensing the poly(4-vinylacetophenone) with benzaldehyde, these, too, show to varying degrees the property of becoming insoluble when exposed to light. This sensitivity to light is generally higher where the aldehyde used contains electrondonating substituent groups in the para-position. This, in turn, is also related to the ability of such products to absorb a larger proportion of the longer wavelength portion of the emitted light.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1960.070030908
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffusion of transition metals in “in situ” duplex oxide grown on a 316 stainless steel (1978)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 29 (1978), S. 441-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Diffusion von Übergangsmetallen in auf Stahl 316 aufgewachsenem Duplex-OxidMit der Methode der sukzessiven Abtragung wurden nach Diffusionsglühen bei 1273 K Konzentrationsprofile von radioaktiven Isotopen (Chrom, Mangan und Eisen) in einem auf Stahl 316 entstandenen doppelschichtigem Zunder ermittelt. Das Eisenisotop diffundiert danach normalerweise sowohl durch die innere als auch durch die äußere Zunderschicht. Die Konzentration der Isotopen von Chrom und Mangan nimmt in der äußeren Magnetitschicht nach Außen hin zu, zeigt aber in der inneren Spinellschicht ein normales Konzentrationsprofil. Die Diffusionskoeffizienten - ermittelt aufgrund der Konzentrationsprofile - lagen, bezogen auf die Diffusion in der Spinellphase, zwischen 6 × 10-12 und 3 × 10-11 cm2 sec-1.
    Notes: Concentration profiles of chromium, maganese and iron radioactive tracers through a duplex oxide grown on 316 stainless steel have been obtained after a diffusion anneal at 1273 K using the serial sectioning technique. The iron tracer diffused normally in both inner and outer oxides of the duplex scale. The concentration of the chromium and manganese tracers increased with increasing penetration into the outer Fe3O4 layer but showed a normal profile in the inner spinel. The diffusion coefficients obtained from the profiles were in the range 6 × 10-12 - 3 × 10-11 cm2 sec-1 for diffusion in the spinel phases.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19780290702
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The oxidation of 18/8 type stainless steel in high pressure CO2/2% CO (1981)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 32 (1981), S. 1-7 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Oxidation von 18/8 Stählen in Kohlendioxid + 2% Kohlenmonoxid bei hohem DruckDie Oxidation verschiedener 18/8 Stähle in Gemischen aus Kohlendioxid und 2% Kohlenmonoxid wurde im Temperaturbereich 550 bis 650°C durch intermittierende Messung der Gewichtszunahme, metallographische Untersuchung, Fraktographie und Rasterelektronenmikroskopie verfolgt. Schon in einem frühen Oxidationsstadium entsteht eine Duplex-Zunderschicht. Die Gewichtszunahme/Zeit-Kurven zeigen zwei Prozeßstufen, und zwar ein Anfangsstadium, das sich exponentiell dem zweiten langsameren Stadium annähert. Die Geschwindigkeit der Duplex-Zunderbildung zeigte nicht die übliche Temperaturabhängigkeit; indessen wurde bei etwa 600°C ein Maximum der Geschwindigkeit festgestellt. Die sekundären Verzunderungsgeschwindigkeiten waren bei 650 und 550°C deutlich zu erkennen und lagen bei der niedrigeren Temperatur höher. Im Zunder traten verschiedene Spinelle auf. Die erhaltenen Ergebnisse werden mit der Annahme gedeutet, daß Kationendiffusion durch verschiedene innere Spinelle der geschwindigkeitsbestimmende Schritt ist.
    Notes: The oxidation of a variety of 18/8 stainless steels in high pressure CO2/2% CO has been followed in the temperature range 550-650°C using intermittent weight gain measurement metallography, fractography and scanning electron microscopy. Duplex scales formed at an early stage of oxidation. The weight gain curves were analysed in terms of a two stage process, the initial stage exponentially approaching a slower secondary stage. The primary rate of duplex scale formation did not show the usual temperature dependence. Rather a maximum in the rate was observed at ∼600°C. Secondary rates were well established at 650°C and 550°C the secondary rate at 550°C, however, being higher than that at 650°C. Various spinels occurred and the results are explained in terms of the rate controlling process being cation diffusion through different inner spinels.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19810320102
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The detailed examination of two stainless steel specimens oxidised for 20,000 hours in high pressure CO2/2% CO (1982)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 33 (1982), S. 77-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Detaillierte Untersuchung von zwei nichtrostenden Stählen nach 20 000 Stunden Oxidation in CO2/2% CO bei hohem DruckMit Hilfe von Rasterelektronenmikroskopie, Mikrosonde und Kernmikrosonde wurden zwei Proben von 18/8-Stählen eingehend untersucht; die Proben waren repräsentativ für die beiden Extreme des nach einem parabolischen Zeitgesetz bei 600°C gewachsenen Zunders. Auf dem im Vakuum angelassenen Stahl 316 erfolgte die Zunderbildung mit hoher Geschwindigkeit, wobei innen eine vorwiegend einheitliche Spinellschicht vorlag, jedoch mit einem chromreichen und nickelarmen Spinell (geheiltes Oxid) an der Grenzfläche Metall/Zunder. Das darunter befindliche Metall war stark aufgekohlt, wobei die Kohlenstoffkonzentration in der Nähe der Metalloberfläche etwa 1 Gew.-% betrug. Bei dem Material mit geringerer Verzunderungsgeschwindigkeit war die innere Zunderschicht komplexer aufgebaut und das Metall weniger stark aufgekohlt. Die Ergebnisse werden unter Berücksichtigung der Zusammensetzung der inneren Oxidschicht und der unter Ausheilung erfolgenden Schichtbildung erläutert, wobei dem dort vorliegenden Sauerstoffpotential der geschwindigkeitsbestimmende Einfluß zugeschrieben wird.
    Notes: Detailed examination has been carried out on two specimens of 18/8 steels representing the extremes of the rates of parabolic duplex scale growth at 600°C using metallography, scanning electron microscopy, microprobe and nuclear microprobe analysis.The high growth rate material, vacuum annealed 316, had an inner layer of mainly a uniform spinel but with a chromium rich low nickel spinel (healed oxide) at the metal interface. The underlying alloy was extensively carburised with a carbon concentration near the metal surface of ∼1 wt%. The low growth rate material had a more complex inner layer and a much lower degree of carburisation. The results are explained in terms of the composition of the inner oxide and the rate of healing layer formation being controlled by the prevailing oxygen potential there.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19820330202
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