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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Properties of end-zone inhibition of hypercomplex cells in cat striate cortex (1985)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 60 (1985), S. 200-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: End-zone inhibition ; Hypercomplex cells ; Striate cortex ; Cats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The response properties of 96 striate cells in anaesthetized and paralyzed cats were examined by using narrow optimally-oriented light bars moved in the preferred direction at optimal velocity. The bar was lengthened systematically at both ends to plot and analyze bilateral length-response curves. We found a linear relationship between the maximum slope of the inhibitory phase of the curve and the strength of the end-zone inhibition for both cell families: simple and B-cells. This observation indicates that the length of the two end-zones as given by a bilateral length-response curve is approximately constant regardless of the strength of the end-zone inhibition for a change in the strength of the inhibition from 10 to 100%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237034
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of retinal correspondence by studying receptive fields of rinocular single units in cat striate cortex (1968)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 6 (1968), S. 353-372 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Binocular vision ; Retinal correspondence ; Receptive field disparity ; Striate cortex ; Single unit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The concept of corresponding retinal points was examined in terms of the binocular receptive fields of neurons in Area 17 of the cerebral cortex of the cat. Only a proportion of the binocular receptive field pairs can be accurately superimposed at the one time in a given plane. The fields which are not corresponding are said to show receptive field disparity. The attempt has been made to establish, on a quantitative basis, the parameters of the receptive field disparities that occur within 5° of the visual axis. A new method was used for defining the zero (vertical) meridian. Very effective paralysis of the extraocular muscles was achieved and the very small residual eye movements that occurred were regularly monitored so that corrections could be applied to the plotted positions of the receptive field pairs. The distribution of the receptive field disparities about the position of maximal correspondence has a range of about ±1.2° (S.D. 0.6°) in both the horizontal and vertical directions for fields in the vicinity of the visual axis. Panum's fusional area may represent the extent to which receptive fields in the one eye, all with the same visual direction, are linked to fellow members of a pair in the other eye over a range of receptive field disparities. A naso-temporal overlap of receptive fields occurs which is probably little if any more than can be accounted for on the basis of the disparity of receptive fields lying along the zero (vertical) meridian. When the extraocular muscles are paralyzed the eyes diverge and the binocular receptive field pairs are separated on the tangent screen. The distribution of the horizontal and vertical separations of the receptive field pairs have been examined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00233184
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Responses to moving slits by single units in cat striate cortex (1968)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 6 (1968), S. 373-390 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Averaged responses ; Moving slit stimuli ; Single unit response types ; Striate cortex
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A quantitative study has been made of the responses to moving slit stimuli by single units in the cat striate cortex whose receptive fields lay within 5° of the visual axis. Special attention was given to finding the optimal stimulus parameters including slit width, length, orientation and speed. The analysis was largely based on averaged response vs. time histograms. Using the classification of simple and complex responses types, the units were further subdivided on the basis of the number of modes in the response and on the presence or absence of directional selectivity. Simple unimodal units with directional selectivity (SUDS) had the most specific stimulus requirements and nearly always had zero background activity. Complex units usually had a high level of background activity. SUDS units also showed a preference for horizontally- and vertically ****-orientated stimuli. Whenever the response survived reversal of contrast the directional selectivity remained independent of the change. Optimal stimulus speeds varied widely from unit to unit with a mean at 4°/sec: simple bimodal units and complex units tended to have higher optimal stimulus speeds and responded over a wider range of speeds than did simple unimodal units. While SUDS units with very small receptive fields tended to prefer slowly moving stimuli, in general there was no correlation between receptive field size and optimal stimulus speed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00233185
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Binocular interaction on single units in cat striate cortex: Simultaneous stimulation by single moving slit with receptive fields in correspondence (1968)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 6 (1968), S. 391-410 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Striate cortex ; Binocular cells ; Receptive field correspondence ; Binocular interaction ; Stereopsis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Averaged responses of binocularly-activated single units of the striate cortex of paralysed cats were studied using a single, moving visual stimulus and prisms of variable power to control the visual direction of each eye. Binocular facilitation, summation or occlusion of the monocular response occurred, depending on the type of unit and on the prism setting. Binocular stimulating conditions were optimal for a given unit when the prism setting superimposed, or very nearly superimposed, the receptive field pair on the same plane as the moving stimulus. Under these optimal conditions, most units showed summation or facilitation of the monocular responses, with a minority showing occlusion. When the prism setting was changed from the optimal value, binocular occlusion could be demonstrated in all units. Curves plotting binocular response against prism setting provided information on the specificity, temporal properties and symmetry of the binocular response. The binocular response of simple units showed great specificity with a sharply defined peak on the response curve at a particular prism setting. There was variation from one simple unit to another in the exact prism setting required to give the optimal response. A proportion of complex units, despite large receptive field size, showed binocular specificity with a very narrow range of facilitation, of the same order as that shown by simple units. Other complex units showed binocular facilitation over a wide range of prism settings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00233186
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The properties of the binocular receptive fields of lateral geniculate neurons (1971)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 13 (1971), S. 178-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Lateral geniculate nucleus ; Binocular inhibition ; Inhibitory receptive fields ; Binocular correspondence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The majority of cells in the dorsal nucleus of the lateral geniculate body (LGNd) in the cat have two receptive fields: one for each eye. Of the cells tested for binocularity (113), only 21 (18%) were purely monocular. The remainder had receptive fields for the non-dominant eye, the great majority of which (81 or 88%) were purely inhibitory and only 11 (12%) were excitatory. Cells with receptive fields for the non-dominant eye were found in all three laminae (A, A1 and B) of the LGNd. The proportion of inhibitory receptive fields for the non-dominant eye was slightly greater when the dominant eye was ipsilateral (77%) than when it was contralateral (68%). The distribution of the binocular receptive field pairs about points of exact correspondence in the visual field had a standard deviation of about 0.9° in both horizontal and vertical directions. The properties of the inhibitory receptive fields were studied with moving slits of light and stationary flashing spots. Most of the fields were purely inhibitory and varied in size from 1.5° to 6° across. There were no specific stimulus requirements other than a change in contrast within the receptive field. The inhibitory effect was usually fairly weak, the spontaneous discharge of the neuron being inhibited much more readily than the driven discharge. The latency of the inhibition to a stationary flashing spot was about 50 msec, the inhibition was maximal about 20 msec after the onset and lasted up to about 400 msec. Binocular inhibition is not mediated by a corticogeniculate pathway from the visual areas since it survives removal of areas 17, 18 and 19 and the middle suprasylvian gyrus. It was concluded that the most likely mechanism was via interneurons whose axons cross the borders from one cell layer to another.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234085
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Linear analysis of the responses of simple cells in the cat visual cortex (1981)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 44 (1981), S. 386-400 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Striate cortex ; Simple cells ; Linear analysis ; Spatial response profiles ; Spatial frequency tuning
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Spatial response profiles to stationary and moving stimuli and spatial frequency tuning curves to drifting sinusoidal gratings were recorded from a series of cells in the simple family. The spatial response profiles were recorded both to stationary flashing bars and sinusoidal gratings as well as to light and dark bars and edges and gratings moving at the optimal velocity. On the assumption that cells in the simple family operate linearly, spatial response profiles recorded experimentally were compared with those predicted by inverse Fourier transformation of the spatial frequency tuning curves. Conversely, the spatial frequency tuning curves recorded experimentally were compared with those predicted from the response profiles to moving and stationary stimuli. As a result of these comparisons, it is clear that moving stimuli provide a more accurate estimate of the spatial organization of the receptive field than do stationary stimuli. Cells with the higher optimal spatial frequencies tended to have narrower bandwidths. The simple cell with the narrowest bandwidth (0.94 octave) had five, and possibly six, subregions in the spatial response profile to moving light and dark bars, the largest number of subregions we encountered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238831
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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