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  • Chemistry  (13)
  • disease resistance  (2)
  • Biochemistry  (1)
  • Epidemiology  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The prevalence of Parkinson's disease in Portugal (1994)
    Springer
    European journal of epidemiology 10 (1994), S. 763-767 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Keywords: Epidemiology ; Parkinson's disease ; Prevalence ; Sentinel network
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Most of the epidemiological studies designed to determine the prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD) in Portugal were hospital-based and the rates reported were around 1/1000. A sentinel network of general practitioners (GPs) has been in effect in the country since 1989, involving doctors with a relatively stable list of patients. This group of doctors notifies, every week, all the cases of certain selected diseases that may occur among the patients under their surveillance. On average, each doctor is responsible for 1500 to 1800 persons, of all ages and both sexes, whose main descriptive characteristics are known and updated every year. This led us to the idea of estimating the prevalence of Parkinson's disease in the community and to compare the estimated rates with hospital-based rates. One hundred and fifty general practitioners agreed to participate in a cross-sectional study which included a sample of 220,000 persons. The study took place between March and April 1992 and information on 291 PD patients was collected. Results show that among the study population, age-standardized rates were 1.4/1000 for males and 1.3/1000 for females. Sex-specific rates increase consistently with age in both sexes, reaching a level of 9/1000 in the oldest age group, ‘75 and more’ years. These results estimate a higher prevalence of PD than was determined previously through hospital-based studies and allowed us to determine that patients aged 65 years and more are much likely to be followed by their own GP, either because the disease its already controlled and they are specifically seeking medication or because they find it difficult to attend neurology clinics. To attain a more comprehensive care of such patients, a good collaboration should be guaranteed between the primary care level and the referral neurologists.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01719295
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Screening of Portuguese cole landraces (Brassica oleracea L.) with Leptosphaeria maculans and Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (1992)
    Springer
    Euphytica 65 (1992), S. 219-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Phoma lingam ; Leptosphaeria maculans ; Xanthomonas campestris pv campestris ; black leg ; black rot ; disease resistance ; Brassica oleracea ; Portuguese coles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Fifty-six landraces of Portuguese coles (Brassica oleracea l.), representing fourteen morphotypes, were screened for resistance to Leptosphaeria maculans at the cotyledon stage. Three isolates of the pathogen belonging to three pathogenicity groups were used in the screening. The mean disease interaction phenotype of the B. oleracea landraces with the L. maculans isolates confirmed their differences in pathogenicity. When compared to pathogenicity grouping using a B. napus differential set, a different classification was observed on B. oleracea for the three L. maculans isolates, suggesting possible differences in the genetic interaction between the two plant species and the pathogen. Most of the Portuguese cole landraces were found to be susceptible to all three isolates of L. maculans, although a few have shown intermediate interaction phenotype. Some accessions, on the other hand, elicit a differential reaction with the three isolates tested, and can be further selected to be used in host differential sets or in breeding for resistance to black leg. Fifty-four landraces of Portuguese coles, representing eleven morphotypes, were also screened in the field for resistance to Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. A good level of resistance to the bacterium was found in several of the morphotypes. Accessions of the ‘Penca’ type, particularly, were identified as highly resistant. Landraces belonging to the same Portuguese cole group presented a similar range of mean interaction phenotype with the bacterium. Some Portuguese landraces of B. oleracea are potential sources for use in breeding programs for black rot resistance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023086
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Screening of Portuguese cole landraces (Brassica oleracea L.) with Peronospora parasitica and Plasmodiophora brassicae (1993)
    Springer
    Euphytica 67 (1993), S. 135-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: downy mildew ; clubroot ; disease resistance ; Tronchuda cabbage ; Galega kale ; Brassica oleracea ; Peronospora parasitica ; Plasmodiophora brassicae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Forty-four landraces of Portuguese coles (Brassica oleracea L.), representing different morphotypes, were screened at the cotyledon stage for downy mildew resistance, caused by Peronospora parasitica. Two isolates of the pathogen, PHW 630 and PHW 828, were used in the experiment. The mean disease interaction phenotype varied among the landraces. Overall, the Portuguese coles have shown resistance to both isolates, particularly to isolate PHW 828. Some landraces were identified with differential reaction to the two P. parasitica isolates. Some of the Portuguese coles are, therefore, good sources of resistance genes to P. parasitica, and could be used in breeding programs or in the development of a downy mildew host differential set. Among the morphotypes tested, Couve Algarvia (ISA 207), Couve Galega (ISA 243 and 187) and Couve Glória de Portugal (ISA 84) have presented the highest resistance interaction. For the development of host differential sets, the landraces ISA 2 (Penca de Mirandela), ISA 35 (Couve de Valhascos) and ISA 600 (Penca Espanhola) could be further selected for the differentiation of P. parasitica isolates. They are resistant to PHW 828 and susceptible to PHW 643. The same morphotypes and landraces were also screened at the seedling stage for resistance to clubroot, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae Woron.. Although some variation for resistance could be noticed in some the landraces tested, mainly Galega kale types, none of them presented a sufficient level of resistance as to be directly be useful in breeding for resistance to race 6 of P. brassicae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00022736
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response of a continuous culture of saccharomyces cerevisiae to variation of temperature (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 22 (1980), S. 231-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260220118
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Cα—C internal rotation in α-alkyl substituted carbonyls and thiocarbonyls: CH(CH3)2C(=X)YH (X, Y= O or S) (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Computational Chemistry 12 (1991), S. 1047-1057 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-8651
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Biochemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science
    Notes: The Cα—C internal rotation in 2-methylpropionic, 2-methylthiopropionic (thiol and thion forms) and 2-methyldithiopropionic acids was studied by the ab initio SCF-MO method using 3-21G and 3-21G + d(0.65S) basis sets. Energies and structures of several conformations of these molecules, determined by gradient geometry refinement, are reported and used to assess the effects of oxygen-by-sulphur substitution on molecular properties. The nature and relative importance of intramolecular interactions involving both the α-methyl substituents and the C(=X)Y (X, Y= O or S) fragment are also discussed.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcc.540120902
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structures and vibrational frequencies of vanadium (V) oligomers: An ab initio study using effective core potentials (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Computational Chemistry 17 (1996), S. 1183-1196 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-8651
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science
    Notes: Ab initio molecular geometries and vibrational frequencies of various isolated vanadate species (VO3-4, HVO2-4, H2VO-4, and V2O4-7) were calculated using different pseudopotentials. The relative merits of these were assessed by comparing the calculated molecular parameters with the corresponding values obtained from calculations at all-electron levels and, whenever available, from X-ray studies for the salts. The calculations were extended to higher oligomers (V3O5-10, V4O6-13, and V4O4-12) using the pseudopotential whose basis functions are (10s5p5d)/[2s1p1d] (55/5/5) on vanadium and (4s4p)/[2s2p] (31/31) on oxygen, which yielded the best compromise between accuracy and computational effort. The results indicate a linear centrosymmetric geometry for the isolated V2O4-7 anion. The higher oligomers have less than 180° V(SINGLE BOND)O(SINGLE BOND)V angles, except the noncyclic tetraoligomer which has a linear central V(SINGLE BOND)O(SINGLE BOND)V angle (180°). The cyclic V4O4-12 species presents a planar structure with all the vanadium and bridging oxygen atoms in the same plane. This structure was alrea dy reported for the [(CH3)CNH3][V4O12] salt. The results suggest a lower stability of the linear V4O6-13 species, in agreement with previous reports. © 1996 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcc.1
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature-dependent intensities of Raman bands of di-n-butylamine (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 18 (1987), S. 115-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Raman spectra of di-n-butylamine show bands whose temperature-dependent intensities clearly suggest the occurrence of different conformers in simultaneous equilibria. In particular, the Raman spectrum of the solid phase is compared with that of n-nonane in order to identify the more stable conformation. In addition, intensity rations vs temperature for pairs of Raman bands in the CH stretching region exhibit a smooth variation between the liquid and solid.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250180209
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Raman spectroscopic study of the conformational equilibrium of liquid 3-fluorostyrene (1993)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 24 (1993), S. 397-402 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The Raman spectra of liquid 3-fluorostyrene show pairs of bands whose temperature-dependent intensities clearly suggest the occurrence of a conformational equilibrium. From these bands, assigned to cis and trans conformers, a trans-cis energy difference of 0.70 ± 0.20 kJ mol-1 was obtained for the liquid phase, higher than the reported gas-phase microwave and ab initio values. The effects of dilution with several solvents of different polarity properties are reported and the improved relative stability of the cis form in high-polarity solvents is interpreted in terms of medium effects on intramolecular through-space dipole-dipole interactions.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250240702
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Raman spectra, conformational stability and normal coordinate analysis of ethylmethylamineThis paper is dedicated to Professor D. A. Long on the occasion of his 70th birthday. (1995)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 26 (1995), S. 653-661 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Raman spectra of ethylmethylamine and ethylmethylamine-N-d, both in the liquid phase, at different temperatures, and in the solid phase were recorded. Additionally, Fourier transform IR (4000 - 400 cm-1) spectra of these compounds in the liquid phase were also obtained. Normal coordinate calculations were performed for each conformer (T, G and G′), using an optimized local symmetry force field for secondary amines. These calculations allowed the assignment of the vibrational spectra, in good agreement with the experimental evidence. Whereas in the liquid phase all the three possible conformers were detected, in the solid phase only the bands ascribed to the T conformer were observed. From the temperature dependence study of the Raman spectrum of the liquid, the enthalpy differences between conformers were determined, yielding the values 4.6 ± 0.3 kJ mol-1 for ΔHG′-T′ 3.6 ± 0.3 kJ mol-1 for ΔHG - T and 1.1 ± 0.3 kJ mol-1 for ΔHG′- G. These were compared with ab initio SCF-MO results, for the isolated molecule, in order to assess the relative importance of intra-and intermolecular effects on conformational equilibria.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250260811
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rotational isomers of methyl trans-cinnamate: A Raman study (1991)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 22 (1991), S. 519-523 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The Raman and infrared spectra of methyl trans-cinnamate were measured as a function of temperature in the liquid and solid phases. The temperature dependence of the band intensities established the presence of two conformers in the liquid phase (the s-cis and s-trans forms, with C=C—C=O dihedral angles equal to 0° and 180°, respectively; ΔH(s-trans)-(s-cis) = 3.43 ± 0.84 kJ mol-1) and led to the conclusion that the thermodynamically most stable s-cis form is the only form present in the solid.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250220909
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