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  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (7)
  • Lac Léman  (5)
  • Fos  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treadmill running induces striatal Fos expression via NMDA glutamate and dopamine receptors (1997)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 115 (1997), S. 458-469 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Key words Striatum ; Fos ; Locomotion ; Dopamine and glutamate receptors ; Lesion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Several non-physiological stimuli (i.e. pharmacological or electrical stimuli) have been shown to induce Fos expression in striatal neurons. In this work, striatal Fos (i.e. Fos-like) expression was studied after physiological stimulation, i.e. motor activity (treadmill running at 36 m/min for 20 min). In rats killed 2 h after the treadmill session, Fos expression was observed in the medial region of the rostral and central striatum, and in the dorsal region of the caudal striatum. Fos expression was prevented by pretreatment with the non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor antagonist MK-801 (0.1 mg/kg) or the D1 dopamine receptor antagonist SCH-23390 (0.1 mg/kg), but not by pretreatment with the D2 receptor antagonist eticlopride (0.5 mg/kg). Thirty-six hours after 6-hydroxydopamine lesion, a considerable reduction in treadmill-induced Fos expression was observed in both sides; however, Fos expression in the lesioned striatum was higher than in the contralateral intact striatum. Several weeks after unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesion of the nigrostriatal system, treadmill-induced Fos expression was significantly, but not totally, reduced in the lesioned striatum. Corticostriatal deafferentation also led to considerable reduction in treadmill-induced Fos expression. The present results indicate that exercise induces striatal Fos expression and that, under physiological stimulation, concurrent activation of D1 and NMDA receptors is necessary for such expression to occur. Reduction of Fos expression is practically absolute after acute blockage of these receptors, but not after lesions, possibly due partially to compensatory changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00005715
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The corticostriatal system mediates the “paradoxical” contraversive rotation but not the striatal hyperexpression of Fos induced by amphetamine early after 6-hydroxydopamine lesion of the nigrostriatal pathway (1998)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 120 (1998), S. 153-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Key words Amphetamine ; Fos ; Rotational behavior ; Corticostriatal afferents ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  In rats with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesion of the nigrostriatal pathway, amphetamine produces ipsiversive rotational behavior and activation of Fos in the intact striatum, but practically no activation of Fos in the denervated striatum. However, a seemingly paradoxical contraversive rotation, accompanied by intense striatal Fos activation in the lesioned striatum, has been observed during the first few days postlesion. In the present work, behavioral tests and immunohistochemistry for Fos protein and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) were combined to study striatal changes 36 h after 6-OHDA lesion and particularly the possible involvement of glutamatergic corticostriatal afferents. Injection of amphetamine (0.5 mg/kg or 5 mg/kg) induced contraversive rotation and strong and evenly distributed Fos expression in the lesioned striatum; in the contralateral striatum, however, Fos density was lower than in nonlesioned rats. Pretreatment with the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor antagonist MK-801 (either 0.5 mg/kg or 5 mg/kg) did not significantly affect the hyperexpression of Fos in the lesioned striatum, but suppressed the contraversive rotation. Similarly, rats that were subjected to corticostriatal deafferentation (confirmed by sensory neglect tests) and 6-OHDA lesion (1 week or 3 weeks later) showed no significant reduction in the striatal Fos hyperexpression induced by amphetamine (0.5 mg/kg or 5 mg/kg) and no significant rotational asymmetry. In conclusion, the present results indicate that glutamatergic corticostriatal afferents are essential for the contraversive rotational behavior but not the striatal hyperexpression of Fos observed in response to amphetamine early after 6-OHDA lesion, and suggest that intense dopaminergic stimulation of striatal neurons is sufficient for induction of Fos, but that concurrent glutamatergic stimulation is necessary for the motor response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002210050389
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Time course of striatal changes induced by 6-hydroxydopamine lesion of the nigrostriatal pathway, as studied by combined evaluation of rotational behaviour and striatal Fos expression (1996)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 108 (1996), S. 69-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Striatum ; Dopamine ; 6-Hydroxydopamine ; Turning behaviour ; Fos
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Changes taking place after unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesion of the dopaminergic nigrostriatal system have been studied by performing spontaneous, amphetamine-induced and apomorphine-induced rotational behaviour testing and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and Fos protein immunohistochemistry in the same rats. Apomorphine at a low dosage (0.25 mg/kg) induced contraversive rotation and supersensitive striatal Fos expression that were detected 24–48 h post-lesion and gradually increased in magnitude. Twenty-four hours after lesion, both high (5 mg/kg) and low doses (0.5 mg/kg) of D-amphetamine induced contraversive rotation and intense striatal Fos activation on the denervated side; however, only the higher dose induced Fos on the normal side. Two, 3 and 4 days after lesion, 0.5 mg/kg amphetamine induced contraversive rotation, but 5 mg/kg induced transitory contraversive rotation which switched to ipsiversive. In the normal striatum, only high doses of amphetamine induced Fos, but Fos induction in the denervated striatum was similar with both doses: areas showing severely decreased TH immunoreactivity still showed considerable Fos immunoreactivity, and some areas still showing TH immunoreactivity had higher Fos density than in the normal side. Seven and 14 days after lesion the loss of TH immunoreactivity and apomorphine-induced supersensitive Fos expression were more evenly distributed, and amphetamine induced only ipsiversive rotation and a low density of Fos-positive nuclei in the denervated striatum. These results indicate that the severe and progressive loss of dopaminergic terminals is counteracted by an early and rapidly progressing dopamine supersensitivity, together with a higher susceptibility to drug-induced dopamine release. This explains the apparently paradoxical contraversive rotation induced by amphetamine during the first week post-lesion. However, experiments involving successive drug injections indicated that only the first amphetamine injection releases dopamine from the lesioned terminals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00242905
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction between interstitial water and sediment in two cores of Lac Léman, Switzerland (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 363-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: pore water ; lake sediments ; Fe species ; Mössbauer ; Mn species ; heavy metals ; authigenic mineral phases ; Lac Léman
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The pore fluids of the sediments collected at the deepest point of Lac Léman (Switzerland) are supersaturated with respect to vivianite and siderite. In the presence of sulphide, the iron solubility is controlled entirely by the amorphous iron sulphides. As the iron (II) becomes dominant, the formation of siderite occurs and evidence of this, in the solid phase, can be obtained by the use of Mössbauer spectroscopy and some sequential chemical extractions. The amount of ‘siderite iron’ decreases from about 10% near the sediment surface to a few percent in the lower levels of the sediment (〈10 cm). Evidence for vivianite formation could not be obtained even in the lower layers, despite the precautions taken to avoid oxidation. Although the trace metal behaviour in the solid phase is well correlated with the iron and manganese, availability in the pore fluid is dependent on the adsorption on, or co-precipitation with, finely dispersed colloids, which pass through a 0.45 µg filter. Trace metal concentrations in pore fluid were not directly related to total elemental concentrations in the solid phase, and did not reflect cumulative trends associated with anthropogenic enrichment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00940126
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction between interstitial water and sediment in two cores of Lac Léman, Switzerland (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 363-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: pore water ; lake sediments ; Fe species ; Mössbauer ; Mn species ; heavy metals ; authigenic mineral phases ; Lac Léman
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The pore fluids of the sediments collected at the deepest point of Lac Léman (Switzerland) are supersaturated with respect to vivianite and siderite. In the presence of sulphide, the iron solubility is controlled entirely by the amorphous iron sulphides. As the iron (II) becomes dominant, the formation of siderite occurs and evidence of this, in the solid phase, can be obtained by the use of Mössbauer spectroscopy and some sequential chemical extractions. The amount of ‘siderite iron’ decreases from about 10% near the sediment surface to a few percent in the lower levels of the sediment (〈10 cm). Evidence for vivianite formation could not be obtained even in the lower layers, despite the precautions taken to avoid oxidation. Although the trace metal behaviour in the solid phase is well correlated with the iron and manganese, availability in the pore fluid is dependent on the adsorption on, or co-precipitation with, finely dispersed colloids, which pass through a 0.45 µg filter. Trace metal concentrations in pore fluid were not directly related to total elemental concentrations in the solid phase, and did not reflect cumulative trends associated with anthropogenic enrichment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02391952
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction between interstitial water and sediment in two cores of Lac Léman, Switzerland (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 363-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: pore water ; lake sediments ; Fe species ; Mössbauer ; Mn species ; heavy metals ; authigenic mineral phases ; Lac Léman
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The pore fluids of the sediments collected at the deepest point of Lac Léman (Switzerland) are supersaturated with respect to vivianite and siderite. In the presence of sulphide, the iron solubility is controlled entirely by the amorphous iron sulphides. As the iron (II) becomes dominant, the formation of siderite occurs and evidence of this, in the solid phase, can be obtained by the use of Mössbauer spectroscopy and some sequential chemical extractions. The amount of ‘siderite iron’ decreases from about 10% near the sediment surface to a few percent in the lower levels of the sediment (〈10 cm). Evidence for vivianite formation could not be obtained even in the lower layers, despite the precautions taken to avoid oxidation. Although the trace metal behaviour in the solid phase is well correlated with the iron and manganese, availability in the pore fluid is dependent on the adsorption on, or co-precipitation with, finely dispersed colloids, which pass through a 0.45 µg filter. Trace metal concentrations in pore fluid were not directly related to total elemental concentrations in the solid phase, and did not reflect cumulative trends associated with anthropogenic enrichment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00000036
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The manganese cycle in Lac Léman, Switzerland: the role ofMetallogenium (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 323-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: manganese cycle ; Metallogenium ; Lac Léman
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The manganese pathways in Lac Léman have been investigated on the basis of chemical analyses undertaken on water, suspended solids, bottom sediments and interstitial water samples. The various modes of occurrence of Mn have been determined by means of visual examination using SEM and TEM (scanning and transmission electron microscopy), by microanalysis (EDAX) of various sediment fractions, by chemical analysis of the dissolved phase, and by chemical speciation and XRD of bottom sediments. Fluxes to and from the sediment have also been computed. The time-depth variations of Mn in the water column are characterized by (a) a very steep gradient of Mn sol. from the sediment interstitial water (15 mg l−1) to the overlying water, 2 m above the bottom(500 µg l−1), (b) an accumulation of Mn part. between 280 m and the interface at 310 m, consisting of mineralized colonies ofMetallogenium. The abundance ofMetallogenium colonies is inversely related to O2 concentration; the optimal value for the bacterium Mn fixation is around 1 mg l−1. Because of the quasi-anoxic state of the bottom sediments and overlying water, Mn diffuses from a ‘source layer’, 2–5 cm below the interface (a) upwards across the interface, before being taken up byMetallogenium, and (b) downwards to a ‘sink layer’, in which large amounts of Mn-carbonate precipitate. Particulate Mn sedimentation rates measured in traps show that downwards Mn flux due toMetallogenium settling approximately balances the upwards soluble flux due to diffusion. Quantitatively, the process of Mn cycling in Lac Léman is, therefore, limited to the lowermost part of the hypolimnion. Although Zn and Cd seem to follow the same cycle as Mn, Fe behaves in a different manner; it was not taken up byMetallogenium at the time of our study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00940123
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The manganese cycle in Lac Léman, Switzerland: the role ofMetallogenium (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 323-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: manganese cycle ; Metallogenium ; Lac Léman
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The manganese pathways in Lac Léman have been investigated on the basis of chemical analyses undertaken on water, suspended solids, bottom sediments and interstitial water samples. The various modes of occurrence of Mn have been determined by means of visual examination using SEM and TEM (scanning and transmission electron microscopy), by microanalysis (EDAX) of various sediment fractions, by chemical analysis of the dissolved phase, and by chemical speciation and XRD of bottom sediments. Fluxes to and from the sediment have also been computed. The time-depth variations of Mn in the water column are characterized by (a) a very steep gradient of Mn sol. from the sediment interstitial water (15 mg l−1) to the overlying water, 2 m above the bottom(500 µg l−1), (b) an accumulation of Mn part. between 280 m and the interface at 310 m, consisting of mineralized colonies ofMetallogenium. The abundance ofMetallogenium colonies is inversely related to O2 concentration; the optimal value for the bacterium Mn fixation is around 1 mg l−1. Because of the quasi-anoxic state of the bottom sediments and overlying water, Mn diffuses from a ‘source layer’, 2–5 cm below the interface (a) upwards across the interface, before being taken up byMetallogenium, and (b) downwards to a ‘sink layer’, in which large amounts of Mn-carbonate precipitate. Particulate Mn sedimentation rates measured in traps show that downwards Mn flux due toMetallogenium settling approximately balances the upwards soluble flux due to diffusion. Quantitatively, the process of Mn cycling in Lac Léman is, therefore, limited to the lowermost part of the hypolimnion. Although Zn and Cd seem to follow the same cycle as Mn, Fe behaves in a different manner; it was not taken up byMetallogenium at the time of our study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02391949
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Design of molecules that specifically recognize and cleave apurinic sites in DNA (1994)
    Chicester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Molecular Recognition 7 (1994), S. 99-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 0952-3499
    Keywords: Abasic sites ; Intercalation ; Endonuclease ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We have prepared a series of a tailor-made molecules that recognize and cleave DNA at apurinic sites in vitro. These molecules incorporate in their structure different units designed for specific function: an intercalator for DNA binding, an nucleic base for abasic site recognition and a linking chain of variable length and nature (including amino and/or amido functions). The cleavage efficiency of the molecules can be modulated by varying successively the nature of the intercalating agent, the nucleic base and the chain. All molecules bind to native calf thymus DNA with binding constants ranging from 104 to 106 M-1. Their cleavage activity was determined on plasmid DNA (pBR 322) containing 1.8 AP-sites per DNA-molecule. The minimum requirements for cleavage are the presence of the three units, the intercalator, the nucleic base and at least one amino function in the chain. The most efficient molecules cleaved plasmid DNA at nanomolar concentrations. Enzymatic experiments on the termini generated after cleavage of AP-DNA suggest a strand break induced by a β-elimination reaction. In order to get insight into the mode of action (efficiency, selectivity, interaction), we have used synthetic oligonucleotides containing either a true abasic site at a determined position to analyse the cleavage parameters of the synthetic molecules by HPLC or a chemically stable along (tetrahydrofuran) of the abasic site for high field 1H NMR spectrometry and footprinting experiments. All results are consistent with a β-elimination mechanism in which each constituent of the molecule exerts a specific function as indicated in the scheme: DNA targeting, abasic site nucleases and can be used advantageously as substitutes for the natural enzyme for in vitro cleavage of AP-sites containing DNA.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmr.300070207
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) for urinary albumin (1989)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence 3 (1989), S. 169-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 0884-3996
    Keywords: Diabetes ; albuminuria ; chemiluminescent immunoassay ; acridinium ester ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A simple chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) for urinary albumin has been developed based on the use of a chemiluminescent acridinium ester-labelled human albumin and a commercially available antiserum. It includes two incubation steps and a second polyethylene glycol-assisted antibody separation. The sensitivity of detection is 0.016 mg/l, the assay working range is 0.1-5 mg/l, and the inter-assay CVs are ≤ 15%. Using 10- and 50-fold sample dilutions in assay buffer, a wide working range (1-250 mg/l) is obtained covering normal and pathological conditions. Timed overnight urine samples (bed rest conditions) were collected on three consecutive days for each patient. Albumin excretion rate (AER) was 4.7 ± 2.7 μg/min (x ± SD), range 1-15.9 μg/min in 36 healthy subjects (17♂, 19♀, ages 4-56 years), with day-to-day variations of 28.5 ± 20% (x ± SD), range 3.3-76.1%. The use of an acridinium ester as a chemiluminescent (CL) label overcomes the disadvantages of short shelf-life and health and safety hazards associated with radioisotopes. Results compare favourably with those obtained using a commercially available RIA kit.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bio.1170030403
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