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  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (18)
  • Lepidoptera  (7)
  • SOLID Retrieval/Processing System  (6)
  • Genetics  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Roles of amino acids, protein, and fiber in leaf-feeding resistance of corn to the fall armyworm (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 16 (1990), S. 1977-1995 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Fall armyworm ; Spodoptera frugiperda ; Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae ; corn ; Zea mays ; plant-insect interaction ; amino acids ; herbivory ; feeding resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The free amino acids have been shown by isolational work and choice bioassays to be more important than all other factors evaluated in defining leaf-feeding resistance of corn (Zea mays L.) to fall armyworm (FAW) [(Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith)] larvae. 6-MBOA (6-methoxybenzoxazolinone) and maysin, toxins present in corn, were shown not to be significant factors for leaf-feeding resistance to first-instar FAW larvae because of their low concentrations in the whorl. Amino acid analysis showed that while the ratios of the essential amino acids in susceptible (S) and resistant (R) lines were similar, there were differences in the nonessential amino acids, particularly aspartic acid, which was higher in R lines. Also, the ratio of essential amino acids to nonessential amino acids was important, being too low in expressed whorl leaf juice (obtained from V8–V10 growth stage plants) to support larval growth, although juice was stimulatory in choice tests. The total protein content of whorls in S lines was about 15% higher than in R lines, but the significance of this difference is uncertain, because nutritional tests showed that larval growth increased with total protein only up to 12% protein. Sugars were only slightly stimulatory. Thus, the amino acids along with higher hemicellulose content of R lines, established by us earlier, appear to explain much of the basis of resistance in corn to larval leaf-feeding of the FAW.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01020510
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of flavonoids inGossypium arboreum (L.) cottons as potential source of resistance to tobacco budworm (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 18 (1992), S. 105-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Cotton ; Gossypium arboreum ; tobacco budworm ; Heliothis virescens ; Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae ; resistance ; allelochemicals ; flavonoids ; gossypetin 8-0-rhamnoside ; gossypetin 8-0-glucoside
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Asiatic cottons [Gossypium arboreum (L.)] have been investigated as a source of resistance to the tobacco budworm [Heliothis virescens (Fab.)] because their diversely colored petals have been presumed to contain various allelochemicals. However, we found that larvae fedG. arboreum squares (buds) grew about equally compared with those fed squares from commercialG. hirsutum lines. The best source of resistance was found in severalG. hirsutum double-haploid (DH) lines. In our investigation of allelochemicals, G.arboreum lines were found to contain much less gossypol in leaves, squares (buds), and petals thanG. hirsutum L. lines. Flavonoids were significantly higher inG. arboreum lines only in petals. Of 22G. arboreum lines from which squares were gathered and fed to tobacco budworm (TBW) larvae in the laboratory, larval growth was not significantly decreased on any, but larval survival was decreased on six. When the square flavonoids were isolated and incorporated in laboratory diets for the TBW, moderate toxicity was observed. However, the estimated toxicities were not greater than those of the same flavonoid isolates fromG. hirsutum lines. The most prevalent flavonoids, all previously found in G.arboreum plant tissues, were gossypetin 8-0-glucoside and gossypetin 8-0-rhamnoside, neither of which were present inG. hirsutum tissue. Quercetin 3-0-glucoside, quercetin-3′-0-glucoside, and quercetin 7-0-glucoside were also present in significant amounts in both species. Gossypetin 8-0-rhamnoside and gossypetin 8-0-glucoside were the most toxic flavonoids tested (the ED50% was estimated to be 0.007 and 0.024) and therefore may prove to be contributing factors of resistance to TBW feeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00993746
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    2-hydroxy-4,7-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (N-O-Me-DIMBOA), a possible toxic factor in corn to the southwestern corn borer (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 19 (1993), S. 531-542 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Corn ; Zea mays (L.) ; southwestern bora borer ; Diatraea grandiosella ; Dyar ; Lepidoptera ; Pyralidae ; feeding resistance ; 2-hydroxy-4,7-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one ; N-O-Me-DIMBOA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The southwestern corn borer (SWCB),Diatraea grandiosella Dyar, is a major pest of corn,Zea mays L., in the southern United States. The damage to corn is caused primarily by larval feeding on leaf, ear, and stem tissues. In this study, 2-hydroxy-4,7-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (N-O-Me-DIMBOA) was identified by MS and NMR as present in corn whorl surface waxes. This compound has evidently not been isolated previously, but its glucoside has been reported in corn, wheat, andCoix lachryma. It is present in the waxes in a higher concentration than DIMBOA (2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one) and 6-MBOA (6-methoxybenzoxazolinone). It was toxic to the SWCB in a stress diet, but it was less toxic to this insect than 6-MBOA when incorporated in the standard rearing diet. Nevertheless, it may have some role in the resistance of corn to the SWCB because the total surface wax content is higher in resistant lines than in susceptible lines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00994323
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-Speed Tools for Global Information Management. II. Specifications and Uses of the Transparent Query Language (TQL) (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of systems integration 8 (1998), S. 343-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8787
    Keywords: Transparent Query Language ; Mathematically Complete Language ; Philosophically Closed Language ; SOLID Retrieval/Processing System
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract This part, PART IIB [2], of the document “HIGH-SPEED TOOLS FOR GLOBAL INFORMATION MANAGEMENT. II. Specifications and Uses of the Transparent Query Language (TQL)” [1–6] contains the specifications for the operations that provide the arithmetic capabilities for Transparent Query Language. PART IIB references PART IIA [1] and PART IIC [3]. Concise definitions of Transparent Query Language terms, Conclusions and Acknowledgments are given in PART IIF [6].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008417304065
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-Speed Tools for Global Information Management. II. Specifications and Uses of the Transparent Query Language (TQL) (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of systems integration 8 (1998), S. 359-377 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8787
    Keywords: Transparent Query Language ; Mathematically Complete Language ; Philosophically Closed Language ; SOLID Retrieval/Processing System
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract This part, PART IIC [3], of the document “HIGH-SPEED TOOLS FOR GLOBAL INFORMATION MANAGEMENT. II. Specifications and Uses of the Transparent Query Language (TQL)” [1–6] is a continuation of [2] and should be studied immediately after reading PART IIB [2]. It describes (i) the security system that can be easily invoked to deny unauthorized access to any item of information in any database; (ii) the special codes that can be used to specify virtually any degree of uncertainty; (iii) the registry numbers which terminate information paths; and (iv) the command structure for the Transportable Query Language. PART IIC references PART IIA [1], PART IIB [2], PART IID [4] and PART IIF [6]. Concise definitions of Transparent Query Language terms, Conclusions and Acknowledgments are given in PART IIF [6].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008469320904
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-Speed Tools for Global Information Management. II. Specifications and Uses of the Transparent Query Language (TQL) (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of systems integration 8 (1998), S. 319-341 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8787
    Keywords: Transparent Query Language ; Mathematically Complete Language ; Philosophically Closed Language ; SOLID Retrieval/Processing System
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract In the six parts of the document “HIGH-SPEED TOOLS FOR GLOBAL INFORMATION MANAGEMENT. II. Specifications and Uses of the Transparent Query Language (TQL)” [1–6], the Transparent Query Language (TQL) that is the mathematical basis for the SOLID Retrieval/Processing System [7] is described and its use demonstrated. TQL is directly responsible for the speed, versatility, security and information/question-type independence of the SOLID System. It can be viewed as a Mathematically Complete (or Philosophically Closed) [8] data structure or content/context independent language capable of describing individual or classes of descriptors in any combination with any degree of specificity. The security system is easily used to prevent unauthorized access to any item in any file. TQL is sufficiently general to be used outside the context of information retrieval. It is capable of concisely representing and manipulating a wide variety of time dependent or static numeric and non-numeric information. The six parts of this document [1–6], are as follows. The first part, PART IIA [1], contains a review of the literature and then introduces the Transparent Query Language. It references PART IIB [2], PART IIC [3], PART IID [4], PART IIE [5] and PART IIF [6]. Concise definitions of Transparent Query Language terms, Conclusions and Acknowledgments are given in PART IIF [6]. Section III in PART IIA [1] contains information for converting citations of sections and subsections in the original document to their locations in the partitioned document.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008475419995
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-Speed Tools for Global Information Management. II. Specifications and Uses of the Transparent Query Language (TQL) PART IID. Manipulation of Information Representations (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of systems integration 9 (1999), S. 5-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8787
    Keywords: Transparent Query Language ; Mathematically Complete Language ; Philosophically Closed Language ; SOLID Retrieval/Processing System
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract This part, PART IID [4], of the document “HIGH-SPEED TOOLS FOR GLOBAL INFORMATION MANAGEMENT. II. Specifications and Uses of the Transparent Query Language (TQL)” [1–6] is about normalization and manipulation of information representations. It references PART IIA [1], PART IIB [2] and PART IIC [3]. Concise definitions of Transparent Query Language terms, Conclusions and Acknowledgments are given in PART IIF [6].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008492103012
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-Speed Tools for Global Information Management. II. Specifications and Uses of the Transparent Query Language (TQL) (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of systems integration 9 (1999), S. 29-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8787
    Keywords: Transparent Query Language ; Mathematically Complete Language ; Philosophically Closed Language ; SOLID Retrieval/Processing System ; Sequel (SQL) ; Relational Algebra ; QUEL ; Query-By-Example (QBE)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract In this part, PART IIE [5], of the document “HIGH-SPEED TOOLS FOR GLOBAL INFORMATION MANAGEMENT. II. Specifications and Uses of the Transparent Query Language (TQL)” [1–6] the conversion of queries coded in SQL, Relational Algebra, QUEL and Query-By-Examples (QBE) to TQL are demonstrated. PART IIE references PART IIA [1], PART IIB [2], PART IID [3] and PART IIF [6]. Concise definitions of Transparent Query Language terms, Conclusions and Acknowledgments are given in PART IIF [6].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008450419850
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-Speed Tools for Global Information Management.II. Specifications and Uses of the Transparent Query Language (TQL) Part IIF. Additional Uses of TQL, Data Structures, Concise Definitions, Conclusions and Acknowledgments (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of systems integration 9 (1999), S. 55-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8787
    Keywords: Transparent Query Language ; Mathematically Complete Language ; Philosophically Closed Language ; SOLID Retrieval/Processing System
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract This part, PART IIF [6], concludes the document “HIGH-SPEED TOOLS FOR GLOBAL INFORMATION MANAGEMENT. II. Specifications and Uses of the Transparent Query Language (TQL)” [1–6]. It describes novel applications of TQL, the key data structures, and contains a dictionary of Transparent Query Language terms. PART IIF references PART IIA [1], PART IIB [2], PART IIC [3], PART IID [4], and PART IIE [5] and contains Conclusions and Acknowledgements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008402503920
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Industrial mycology and the new genetics (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 14 (1995), S. 355-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Transformation ; Fungi ; Yeast ; Genetics ; Biotechnology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary The genetic investigation of fungi has been extended substantially by DNA-mediated transformation, providing a supplement to more conventional genetic approaches based upon sexual and parasexual processes. Initial transformation studies with the yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiae provided the model for transformation systems in other fungi with regard to methodology, vector construction and selection strategies. There are, however, certain differences betweenS. cerevisiae and filamentous fungi with regard to type of genomic insertion and the availability of shuttle vectors. Single-site linked insertions are common in yeast due to the high level of homology required for recombination between vectored and genomic sequences, whereas mycelial fungi often show a high frequency of heterologous and unlinked insertions, often in the form of random and multiple-site integrations. While extrachromosomally-maintained or replicative vectors are readily available for use with yeasts, such vectors have been difficult to construct for use with filamentous fungi. The development of vectors for replicative transformation with these fungi awaits further study. It is proposed that replicative vectors may be inherently less efficient for use with mycelial fungi relative to yeasts, since the mycelium, as an extended and semicontinuous network of cells, may delimit an adequate diffusion of the vector carrying the selectable gene, thus leading to a high frequency of abortive or unstable transformants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01569951
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