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  • 1
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The relation between the availability of newly synthesized protein and lipid and the axonal transport of optically detectable organelles was examined in peripheral nerve preparations of amphibia (Rana catesbeiana and Xenopus laevis) in which intracellular traffic from the endo-plasmic reticulum to the Golgi complex was inhibited with brefeldin A (BFA). Accumulation of fast-transported radio-labeled protein or phospholipid proximal to a sciatic nerve ligature was monitored in vitro in preparations of dorsal root ganglia and sciatic nerve. Organelle transport was examined by computer-enhanced video microscopy of single myelinated axons. BFA reduced the amount of radiolabeled protein and lipid entering the fast-transport system of the axon without affecting either the synthesis or the transport rate of these molecules. The time course of the effect of BFA on axonal transport is consistent with an action at an early step in the intrasomal pathway, and with its action being related to the observed rapid (〈1 h) disassembly of the Golgi complex. At a concentration of BFA that reduced fast-transported protein by 〉95%, no effect was observed on the flux or velocity of anterograde or retrograde organelle transport in axons for at least 20 h. Bidirectional axonal transport of organelles was similarly unaffected following suppression of protein synthesis by 〉99%. The findings suggest that the anterograde flux of transport organelles is not critically dependent on a supply of newly synthesized membrane precursors. The possibilities are considered that anterograde organelles normally arise from membrane components supplied from a post-Golgi storage pool, as well as from recycled retrograde organelles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1520-4812
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 96 (1992), S. 6172-6181 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 1196-1203 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A modified kinetic Monte Carlo computer simulation has been developed and applied to the investigation of fiber (out-of-plane) texture formation in polycrystalline thin films grown in the absence of high-energy bombarding particles. Unlike high-energy deposition, in which texture formation appears to result from a combination of preferential resputtering and self-shadowing at the film surface, the simulation results described herein indicate that texture formation in low-energy deposition is caused by a bias in surface diffusion and adsorption energies on different crystallographic faces. A net flux of atoms toward grains with high-binding-energy faces oriented along the film surface coupled with a greater probability that an atom near the interface between two grains will become attached to the high-binding-energy face produces a preferential in-plane expansion of these grains at the expense of their neighbors. The rate of texture development is shown to increase with increases in the binding energy of the preferred faces and the deposition temperature, and to decrease with increasing deposition rate and initial grain size. Voids and vacancies incorporated into the film form as a result of incomplete layer-by-layer growth induced by conditions of low surface diffusion and high deposition rate. The density of voids and vacancies, as well as the local surface roughness, varies from grain to grain within the material due to the differences in surface diffusion on the crystallographic faces exposed to the deposition flux as each layer of the various grains is formed. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 5682-5690 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Atomistic, molecular dynamics simulations are employed to investigate the relationship between film microstructure and deposition conditions (substrate temperature, deposition kinetic energy, and deposition angle). Increasing substrate temperature and deposition kinetic energy leads to fewer voids, smaller voids, smoother surfaces, and higher film density. As the deposition angle increases, the film microstructure changes from a dense film, with few voids, to a microstructure in which nearly colinear tracks of elongated voids form and, finally, to a highly porous structure of well-formed columns. The angle along which the voids are elongated and the orientation of the void tracks are the same and increase monotonically with the deposition angle (the column angles follow the same trend as the deposition angle). Void formation, void alignment into tracks, and the columnar structure are all attributable to shadowing effects, which become more pronounced with increasing deposition angle. The variation of the column/void track angle β with deposition angle α fits well with the classical tangent law at low angles, but is overpredicted by the tangent law at α(approximately-greater-than)60°, consistent with experiment. The column angle β decreases slowly with increasing deposition kinetic energy due to increased surface mobility. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 1448-1457 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Two-dimensional, nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations have been applied to study the structure of thin films grown on single-crystal Lennard-Jones substrates. The principal microstructural features to develop within these films are single vacancies and small voids which tend to be slightly elongated and to be aligned in the growth direction. Both the void volume and the mean surface roughness of the films are found to be decreasing functions of substrate temperature and deposition kinetic energy. Voids are shown to form as a consequence of both surface roughness and shadowing effects. The attraction between deposited atoms and the sides of surface depressions lead to the formation of outgrowths from the sidewalls of the surface depression. These outgrowths shadow the open void beneath them and continue to grow across the voids by interaction with the depositing atoms until a continuous bridge is formed that closes off the void. Since this bridging mechanism leaves behind a surface depression above the closed-off void, new voids tend to form above it. This leads to the alignment of voids along the film growth direction. The spacing of the resultant void tracks is correlated with the wavelength of the surface roughness. Increasing temperature and deposition kinetic energy enhancing surface mobility leads to an increase in the wavelength of the surface roughness and hence an increase in the spacing between void tracks. Edge dislocations tend to form within voids as a natural consequence of the void bridging process, however nondislocated voids are also observed. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd.
    Journal of philosophy of education 32 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1467-9752
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Education , Philosophy
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Journal of philosophy of education 37 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1467-9752
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Education , Philosophy
    Notes: This chapter enquires into the nature of university teaching. I consider whether Alasdair MacIntyre's notion of a practice, together with some of his related ideas, is useful to us here. My argument is that MacIntyre's talk of incommensurable rationalities tells in the end against the fragmentation of higher education and rather points to one distinctive and important role for the university: that the university should be conceived in some respects as a therapeutic community, whose function it is to encourage and enable its members to think together.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Journal of philosophy of education 37 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1467-9752
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Education , Philosophy
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd.
    Journal of philosophy of education 36 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1467-9752
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Education , Philosophy
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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