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  • volatile allelochemicals  (2)
  • Biocontrol formulation  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of bacterial alginates to prepare biocontrol formulations (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 6 (1990), S. 129-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Bacterial alginate ; Biological control ; Plant pathogen ; Kelp alginate ; Biocontrol formulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Formulations which are economical and which can deliver a viable organism are critical to developing successful biocontrol products for plant pathogens. In the present study, alginates derived from commercial kelp and produced byAzotobacter vinelandii isolates ATCC 9104 and 12 837 were compared in their ability to form stable, biodegradable granular formulations of the biocontrol fungiTalaromyces flavus andGliocladium virens. Bacteria were grown in shake flask cultures (180 rpm) at 32°C for 104 h. The cultures were monitored for pH, dissolved oxygen, glucose concentration, dry cell weight, and alginate dry weight. Aqueous solutions of the bacterial alginates, as well as the kelp-derived alginate products, gelled readily in 0.25 M calcium chloride. Mannuronate (M) and guluronate (G) compositions of the alginate samples were determined by circular dichroism. M/G ratios for cultures of isolate 12837 averaged 0.98±0.18; for isolate 9104, 1.59±0.12; and for kelp, 1.54±0.39. The viability ofT. flavus in the kelp and bacterial alginate formulations were similar over 84 days. An exploratory experiment indicated good viability ofG. virens using the same bacterial alginates. This study demonstrated a practical use for bacterial alginate as a potentially less costly substitute for kelp alginate in the preparation of biocontrol agent formulations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01576432
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Volatile methyl ketone seed-germination inhibitors fromAmaranthus palmeri S. Wats. Residues (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 14 (1988), S. 1617-1631 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Allelopathy ; volatile allelochemicals ; methyl ketones ; germination inhibitors ; onion ; Allium cepa ; carrot ; Daucus carota ; Palmer amaranth ; Amaranthus palmeri ; tomato ; Lycopersicon esculentum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The effects of nine methyl ketones previously identified in the mixture of volatiles released byAmaranthus palmeri (AMAPA) residues upon onion, carrot, AMAPA, and tomato seed germination were determined. Three-day exposures to these volatiles significantly inhibited germination of all assay seeds, and the degree of inhibition was dependent upon seed species, exposure time, and concentration. Based on the degree of inhibition observed in both time- and concentration-dependent assays, the following activity series was obtained: 2-octanone, 2-nonanone 〉 2-undecanone 〉 2-heptanone 〉 2-hexanone, 3-methyl-2-butanone, 2-pentanone, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone 〉 2-butanone. The activities of these compounds appear to be additive and dependent on relative volatility and hydrophilicity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01012527
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seed-germination inhibition by volatile alcohols and other compounds associated withAmaranthus palmeri residues (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 14 (1988), S. 1633-1648 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Allelopathy ; volatile allelochemicals ; alcohols ; aldehydes ; germination inhibitors ; onion ; Allium cepa ; carrots ; Daucus carota ; Palmer amaranth ; Amaranthus palmeri ; tomato ; Lycopersicon esculentum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Effects of 3-pentanone and eight low molecular weight aliphatic alcohols and aldehydes identifed in the mixtures of volatiles released byAmaranthus palmeri S. Wats. (AMAPA) residues were determined on germination of onion, carrot, AMAPA, and tomato seeds. Three-day exposures to these volatiles significantly inhibited germination of these assay seeds, and the inhibition was dependent upon exposure time and concentration. Based on the degree of inhibition observed in both time- and concentration-dependent assays, the following activity series was obtained: 2-heptanol 〉 3-methyl-1-butanol, 1-hexanol 〉 hexanal, 1-pentanol, 3-pentanone, acetaldehyde 〉 ethanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol. The activities of this group of compounds with that of 2-heptanone appear to be additive and related to test compound volatility and hydrophilicity. 2-Heptanol and 2-heptanone also significantly inhibited the germination of other species, including shepherdspurse, soybean, lettuce, alfalfa, common purslane, oats, and lovegrass.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01012528
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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