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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of transdermal l7β-estradiol and oral conjugated equine estrogens on biochemical parameters of bone resorption in natural menopause (1993)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 53 (1993), S. 13-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Osteoporosis ; Menopause ; Estrogen ; Pyridinoline ; Bone resorption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Objective: To evaluate and compare the effects or oral and transdermal estrogen replacement therapy on biochemical markers of bone resorption in early postmenopausal women Design: Controlled, randomized group comparison. Setting: Outpatient clinic for menopausal women and research into osteoporosis. Subjects: Sixty healthy women menopausal for less than 5 years and who had never received any medications interfering with bone metabolism. Interventions: The 60 women were randomly allocated to 3 months therapy with either oral conjugated estrogens (0.625 mg/day) (n = 28) or transdermal estradiol (50 jig/day) (n = 32) in cyclical combination with medroxyprogesterone acetate (5 mg/day). Main outcome measures: Traditional (urinary calcium/creatinine and hydroxyproline/creatinine) and the new specific (urinary pyridinoline/creatinine and deoxypyridinoline/creatinine) markers of bone resorption were determined before and after 3 months of treatment. Results: In both groups, circulating levels of estrone and estradiol were significantly (P 〈 0.001) increased during treatment. In women treated with oral conjugated equine estrogens, urinary calcium/creatinine and hydroxyproline/creatinine ratios were significantly (P 〈 0.05) reduced. Pyridinoline/creatinine ratio fell from 69.1 (4) [mean (SEM)] to 50 (4) μmol/μmol (P 〈 0.01) and deoxypyridinoline/creatinine ratio fell from 10.8 (1) [mean (SEM)] to 8.3 (0.8) μmol/μmol (P 〈 0.01). In the group treated with transdermal estradiol, urinary hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio was significantly (P 〈 0.05) reduced. Pyridinoline/creatinine ratio fell from 66.3 (4) [mean (SEM)] to 46.2 (3) μmol/μmol (P 〈 0.01) and deoxypyridinoline/creatinine ratio fell from 11.5 (1.5) [mean (SEM)] to 7.7 (0.6) μmol/μmol (P 〈 0.01). There were no differences between the evolution of the biochemical variables in the two groups. Conclusion: These results suggest that oral conjugated equine estrogens and transdermal estradiol, in the given doses, are equally effective in reducing postmenopausal bone resorption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01352008
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Osteopenia in insulin treated diabetes mellitus (1978)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 15 (1978), S. 87-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Bone mineral content ; osteopenia ; diabetes mellitus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Bone mineral content was measured by photon absorptiometry in 215 insulin treated diabetic out-patients aged 7–70 years. As bone mass increases until the age of 20–25 years, patients were so selected that all remained within the same phase of bone mineral storage throughout the entire course of their diabetes. Other criteria for exclusion were diseases or drugs interfering with mineral metabolism and previous use of oral antidiabetic agents. As a group the patients demonstrated a bone mineral deficit of 9.8% compared with sex- and age-matched controls (P〈0.001). Comparison between patients who had developed diabetes before the age of 20 years and after that of 25 years revealed deficits of 14% and 7%, respectively (P〈0.001). Sex differences were not observed. The initiation of osteopenia seemed to coincide with the onset of clinical diabetes mellitus, and significantly reduced bone mineral content was observed after 2 years of diabetes (P〈0.001). After 3–5 years the osteopenia appeared to attain a stable level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00422250
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bone loss in diabetes: Effects of metabolic state (1979)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 17 (1979), S. 283-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Bone mineral content ; diabetes mellitus ; diabetic control ; insulin secretion ; insulin dosage ; fasting blood glucose
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The significance of different risk factors for the development of bone loss in diabetes mellitus was evaluated in a cross sectional study of 215 insulin treated diabetic outpatients. Bone mineral content in the forearms was measured by photon absorptiometry and the metabolic status was evaluated by three indices: residual B-cell function, insulin dosage and fasting blood glucose. The mean bone mineral content was reduced to 90.2% of sex- and agematched normal mean values (P〈0.001). Stratification of the patients showed that bone mineral content was 99.3% of that found in sex- and age matched normal subjects in the group with residual B-cell function, low insulin dosage and low fasting blood glucose; it was only 79.3% of normal in the group with no detectable insulin secretion, high insulin dosage and more severe hyperglycaemia. Thus, residual insulin secretion and the quality of metabolic control are major factors in determining bone mineral content in insulin treated diabetic patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01235883
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The diagnostic validity of urinary free pyridinolines to identify women at risk of osteoporosis (1994)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 54 (1994), S. 381-384 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Pyridinoline ; Free pyridinoline ; Deoxypyridinoline ; Urinary excretion ; Pre- and postmenopausal ; Osteoporosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The urinary excretion of pyridinolines either in the free form or linked to different peptide fragments of type I collagen are intensively studied as new biochemical markers of bone resorption. In the present study we compared the urinary excretion of free pyridinoline (F-Pyr) determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (Collagen CrosslinksTM Kit, Metra Biosystems) to pyridinoline (Pyr), and deoxypyridinoline (D-Pyr) determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in early postmenopausal women treated with either hormone replacement therapy or placebo and in healthy age-matched premenopausal women. Other markers of bone metabolism were included for comparison. Compared with the premenopausal women, the postmenopausal women had significantly increased values of the biochemical parameters. F-Pyr, Pyr, D-Pyr, and T-Pyr (=Pyr+D-Pyr) decreased during hormone therapy. D-Pyr correlated with the rate of bone loss, whereas this was not the case for F-Pyr. The correlations between the markers yielded r values of 0.71 (F-Pyr vs Pyr), 0.67 (F-Pyr vs D-Pyr), and 0.71 (F-Pyr vs T-Pyr). In conclusion, the present study shows that the newly introduced ELISA for determination of the free pyridinolines is less sensitive than pyridinium crosslinks measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in hydrolyzed urine for the changes in calcium metabolism that occur at menopause and during hormone replacement therapy. Whether this limitation will be balanced out by avoiding the inconvenience of the complicated, expensive, and timeconsuming HPLC procedure is still being debated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00305523
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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