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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 70 (1999), S. 750-753 
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Axillarisparese ; Armplexusläsion ; Traumatische Nervenläsion ; Sportverletzung ; Zerrungstrauma ; Key words Axillary nerve palsy ; Brachial plexus lesion ; Traumatic nerve lesion ; Sports injury ; Traction injury
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A 27-year-old otherwise healthy male presented with an isolated but complete axillary nerve palsy after excessive squash playing. When repeated electromyographic investigations showed no signs of reinnervation in the deltoid muscle, surgery was performed in order to restore nerve function. Intraoperatively, the nerve showed a short segment of thinning about 2 cm distally the nerve's origin from the posterior fascicle. As intraoperative electrophysiological testing was also negative (no electrically evoked nerve action potentials across the lesion) the suspicious nerve segment was resected and nerve continuity restored by sural grafts. Histologically, no intact nerve structures could be found at the site of the thinning. Most likely the lesion was caused by traction forces. Follow-up studies showed reinnervation of deltoid function over time.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Nach exzessivem Squash-Spielen entwickelte ein 27jähriger, sonst gesunder Mann eine isolierte, vollständige Axillarisparese. Als sich nach 3 Monaten weder klinisch noch elektrophysiologisch Zeichen der Erholung der Nervenfunktion fanden, wurde der Nerv operativ freigelegt. Dabei zeigte sich nach der Epineurotomie eine sanduhrförmige Ausdünnung des N. axillaris kurz nach dessen Abgang aus dem Fasciculus posterior. Da auch die intraoperative, elektrophysiologische Testung negativ war (kein Nervenaktionspotential über die Verletzungsstelle ableitbar), wurde das auffällige Nervensegment reseziert und die Nervenkontinuität mittels autologer Suralisinterponate wiederhergestellt. Die histologische Aufarbeitung ergab den vollständigen Verlust nervaler Strukturen im Bereich der Ausdünnung. Als Ursache dieser Nervenläsion kommt am ehesten eine Überdehnung in Frage. Postoperative Verlaufsuntersuchungen zeigten eine zunehmende Reinnervation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Medulloblastoma ; S-Antigen ; Rod-opsin ; Prognosis ; Immunocytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Biopsy specimens of 66 medulloblastomas were investigated by means of S-antigen and rod-opsin immunocytochemistry. The patients were operated between 1969 and 1988 and the medical records were retrospectively evaluated to correlate the immunocytochemical features of the tumors to the course of the disease. S-antigen- and rod-opsin-immunoreactive tumor cells were found in 19 out of 66 cases. Since in the normal non-neoplastic state immunoreactive S-antigen and rod-opsin are restricted to retinal photoreceptors and a class of pinealocytes derived from photoreceptor cells, the occurrence of these proteins in certain tumor cells of medulloblastomas suggests a differentiation of these cells along the photoreceptor cell lineage and allows the identification of a special subtype of medulloblastoma displaying photoreceptor-specific characteristics. This subtype appears to be closely related to retinoblastomas and pineal cell tumors. The incidence of this subtype corresponds to approximately 30% of all medulloblastomas. Correlation between the demonstration of immunoreactive S-antigen and rod-opsin and the course of the disease revealed a 10-year survival rate of 50.6% for patients with medulloblastomas displaying photoreceptor-specific characteristics and maximally 11% for patients suffering from medulloblastomas devoid of these markers. Although the statistical evaluation does not provide a significant result, the estimatedP-value of 0.085 indicates a distinct trend toward a better prognosis for patients suffering from medulloblastomas with photoreceptor-specific features. The validity of this trend needs to be proven in further studies with a greater number of patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Medulloblastoma ; Retinal ; Rod-opsin ; S-Antigen ; Photoreceptor cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The aim of the present study was to evaluate the putative photoreceptor differentiation found in certain cerebellar medulloblastomas. The analyses were focussed on S-antigen, rod-opsin (the apoprotein of the visual pigment rhodopsin) and 11-cis retinal (the prosthetic group of rhodopsin). Fresh frozen and paraffinembedded biopsy specimens of three medulloblastomas were investigated by means of immunocytochemistry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), and immunoblotting. As shown in paraffin sections, one out of the three tumors (tumor A) contained S-antigen- and rod-opsin-immunoreactive tumor cells. The immunoblotting technique revealed in this tumor a single protein band of approximately 48–50 kDa that reacted with the S-antigen antibody and three protein bands of approximately 40, 75 and 110 kDa recognized by the rod-opsin antibody. These bands could not be detected in the two remaining tumors (tumor B and C). The rod-opsin content of tumor A was quantified by the ELISA; 11.7 pmol rod-opsin were calculated for the biopsy. The HPLC demonstrated the presence of 11-cis- and all-trans-retinal in tumor A, but not in tumors B and C. Furthermore, it was shown that 11-cis-retinal was converted to all-trans-retinal upon illumination of the tumor extract. The ratio between 11-cis-and all-trans-retinal was approximately 1:1 before illumination and 3:5 after illumination. A total of 2–3 pmol of retinal was found in the biopsy of tumor A. In addition all-trans-retinol was present in this tumor. The results indicate that certain medulloblastomas express a functional photopigment and S-antigen, another protein of the phototransduction cascade. They strongly support the concept that medulloblastoma cells may differentiate along the photoreceptor cell lineage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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