ISSN:
0449-2951
Keywords:
Chemistry
;
Polymer and Materials Science
Source:
Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
Topics:
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Physics
Notes:
From studies of the rate of buildup and decay of positive and negative charges on the surfaces of vinyl and condensation polymers, a number of general observations were obtained correlating the polymer chemical structure with antistatic behavior. Polymers with functional groups such as —COONa, —SO3Na, —HCONCH3, —CONEt2, —P— (NMe2)3, and imidazole were found to have good antistatic properties. These functional groups were more effective in improving the antistatic properties of polymers when they were used as side chain substituents than when they were employed as part of the main polymer chain. A number of highly water-sensitive and water-soluble polymers were found to have extremely poor antistatic properties, indicating that there is no direct correlation of antistatic properties with hydrophilic character. A new parameter, the charge selective power of a substance, was devised to describe the charge polarity preference of a given substance. It is defined by the equation: σ = (τ+ - τ-)/τRMS, where τ+ is the halflife of charge decay for positive charge, τ- is the halflife of charge decay for negative charge, and τRMS is the root-mean-square halflife of charge decay. The charge selective power of a substance was found to correlate well with the assignments of substances in the tables of triboelectric series. The effect of impurities on charge decay properties and the charge selective power of polymers was found to be extremely important in influencing antistatic behavior. The synthesis of the following polymers with specific functional groups is described: polyvinylpentamethyl phosphoramide; the poly-N-dimethylurea derivative of polymethylolacrylamide; poly(N-acrylyl morpholine); poly( N-acrylyl pyrrolidine).
Additional Material:
5 Ill.
Type of Medium:
Electronic Resource
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1963.100010114
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