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  • Nervous system  (2)
  • Brain mapping  (1)
  • Head formation  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of morphogenetic mutants of hydra (1977)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 183 (1977), S. 193-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Hydra mutant ; Morphogenetic substances ; Head formation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A mutant ofHydra attenuata is analysed, theaberrant, which is distinct from the wild type in having a smaller head with fewer tentacles and only half the number of head-specific cells. The rate of head and foot regeneration and the doubling time are slower inaberrants than in normal hydra. The lower head-forming potential is paralleled by a reduced concentration of head-specific morphogens: compared to the wild type, in theaberrant the concentration of head activator is reduced to 70% in the head and to 50% in the body, the concentration of head inhibitor is reduced to 50% in the head and to 80% in the body. Theaberrant is more sensitive (3 times) to added head activator and less sensitive (〉5 times) to added head inhibitor than the wild type. The slower rate of foot regeneration is paralleled by a lower content of foot-specific morphogens: compared to the wild type, in theaberrant the foot activator is reduced to 40% and the foot inhibitor to 70%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00867320
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mapping of neurons in the central nervous system of the guinea pig by use of antisera specific to the molluscan neuropeptide FMRFamide (1984)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 237 (1984), S. 575-586 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: FMRFamide ; Pancreatic polypeptide ; Hypothalamus ; Neuropeptide immunocytochemistry ; Brain mapping ; Guinea pig
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Immunoreactive neurons were mapped in the central nervous system of colchicine-treated and untreated guinea pigs with the use of two antisera to the molluscan neuropeptide FMRFamide 1. These antisera were especially selected for their incapability to react with peptides of the pancreatic polypeptide family. Only one group of perikarya was stained by both antisera; this group was mainly located in the nucleus dorsomedialis hypothalami and extended to the nucleus paraventricularis and nucleus periventricularis hypothalami. The perikarya were found to project fibers to all regions of the hypothalamus, to the septum, nucleus proprius striae terminalis, nucleus paraventricularis thalami, nucleus centralis thalami, nucleus reuniens, medial, central and basal amygdala, area praetectalis, area tegmentalis ventralis of Tsai, substantia grisea centralis mesencephali, formatio reticularis mesencephali, nucleus centralis superior, locus coeruleus, nuclei parabrachiales, nucleus raphe magnus, A 5-region, vagus-solitarius complex, ventral medulla, nucleus spinalis nervi trigemini, and substantia gelatinosa of the spinal cord. In many brain regions FMRFamide-immunoreactive processes were found in close contact with blood vessels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00228442
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antisera to the sequence Arg-Phe-amide visualize neuronal centralization in hydroid polyps (1985)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 241 (1985), S. 171-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: RFamide ; Neuropeptides ; Nervous system ; Reproduction ; Hydrozoa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Antisera to the sequence Arg-Phe-amide (RF-amide) have a high affinity to the nervous system of fixed hydroid polyps. Whole-mount incubations of several Hydra species with RFamide antisera visualize the three-dimensional structure of an ectodermal nervous system in the hypostome, tentacles, gastric region and peduncle. In the hypostome of Hydra attenuata a ganglion-like structure occurs, consisting of numerous sensory cells located in a region around the mouth opening and a dense plexus of processes which project mostly radially towards the bases of the tentacles. In Hydra oligactis an ectodermal nerve ring was observed lying at the border of hypostome and tentacle bases. This nerve ring consists of a few large ganglion cells with thick processes forming a circle around the hypostome. This is the first direct demonstration of a nerve ring in a hydroid polyp. Incubation of Hydractinia echinata gastrozooids with RFamide antisera visualizes an extremly dense plexus of neuronal processes in body and head regions. A ring of sensory cells around the mouth opening is the first group of neurons to show RFamide immunoreactivity during the development of a primary polyp. In gonozooids the oocytes and spermatophores are covered with strongly immunoreactive neurons. All examples of whole-mount incubations with RF-amide antisera clearly show that hydroid polyps have by no means a “diffuse nerve net”, as is often believed, and that neuronal centralization and plexus formation are common in these animals. The examples also show that treatment of intact fixed animals with RFamide antisera is a useful technique to study the anatomy or development of a principal portion of the hydroid nervous system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00214639
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organization of the nervous system of physonectid siphonophores (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 246 (1986), S. 463-479 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: RFamide ; Neuropeptide ; Nervous system ; Siphonophores ; Coelenterates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary An antiserum to the sequence Arg-Phe-amide (RFamide) was used to stain the nervous systems of various physonectid siphonophores. In the stem of Nanomia bijuga, this antiserum stained an ectodermal nerve net, which was interrupted, at regular intervals, by transverse collars of neurons. Injection of Lucifer yellow into the “giant axon” of the stem showed that this axon was dye-coupled to an ectodermal nerve net that resembled the RFamide-positive network. Ectodermal nets of neurons were also found in the pneumatophore, gastrozooids, tentacles and tentilla. At the junctions of the pneumatophore, the gastrozooids, the dactylozooids and the gonozooids with the stem, and at the junctions of tentacles and tentilla, collars or rings of neurons occurred. The stem was connected to the phyllozooids and nectophores by muscular lamellae, which were bordered by chains of neurons. At the margin of the nectophores, an immunoreactive nerve ring was found. Connected to this ring and located in the“seitliche Zapfen” (“sidely-located patche”), were two agglomerations of nerve cells. On the upper side of the bell margin, positioned at 90° relative to the “seitliche Zapfen”, a delta-shaped neuronal structure was found. This structure was connected to the nerve ring and was associated with a muscle, which ran a short distance along the exumbrellar surface. The nervous systems of Agalma elegans, Forskalia edwardsi, Forskalia leuckarti and Halistemma rubrum resembled that of Nanomia bijuga in all major respects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00215186
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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