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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Brassica ; Pistil specific gene ; Pollination ; Self-incompatibility ; S-locus glycoproteins ; Transmitting tissue
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In Brassica, self-incompatibility has been correlated with S-locus glycoproteins (SLG) localized at the site of pollen rejection, the stigmatic papillae. In this paper we present immunocytochemical evidence that during development of the pistil SLG proteins accumulate not only in the stigmatic papillae, but also in the transmitting tissue of stigma, style and ovary, along the pathway followed by the pollen tube. This observation was confirmed by the biochemical characterization of stylar and ovarian SLG proteins and by the detection of SLG transcripts in style/ovary tissues by polymerase chain reaction analysis. Thus we demonstrate similarities between the pattern of SLG gene expression in Brassica (sporophytic self-incompatibility system) and that of S products in Nicotiana (gametophytic self-incompatibility system) which may reflect relationships between the self-incompatibility systems. An active role of SLG gene products during the pollen-tube growth in the pistil is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Pollen tube growth (in vitro), inhibition ; Prunus ; S-allele ; Self-incompatibility ; Style components
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A number of components isolated from styles of P. avium cv. Napoleon (S 3 S 4) have been tested for their capacity to influence in vitro growth of pollen tubes from fresh and stored pollen (cv. Napoleon (S 3 S 4)). An antigenic glycoprotein (Antigen S) is a potent inhibitor of in-vitro pollen tube growth, causing a 65% reduction in tube length at a concentration of 20 μg/ml. None of the other style components were effective inhibitors of pollen tube growth; neither were proteins of animal origin such as histone, serum albumin, cytochrome C, and the glycoproteins ovalbumin and thyroglobulin, effective inhibitors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 82 (1991), S. 466-472 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Brassica oleracea ; Self-incompatibility ; S-locus ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Anther
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is particularly well suited for the detection of rare sequences. Taking advantage of the recent isolation of sequences associated with stigma self-incompatibility inBrassica oleracea, we used PCR amplifications with primers synthesized to the S6 cDNA sequence, to demonstrate the presence of mRNA homologous to stigmaS-locus gene (SLG) in anthers during early microsporogenesis. In addition, otherS-locus-related (SLR) sequences were shown to be transcribed in sexual as well as in vegetative tissues (roots, leaves), suggesting that the SLG family might be involved not only in pollen-stigma recognition, but more generally in various forms of plant cell signalling processes. This information corroborates the recent discovery of a cDNA-deduced protein kinase from maize roots, whose extracellular receptor displays high homology withBrassica S-locus-specific glycoproteins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 10 (1997), S. 227-235 
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Key words Brassicaceae ; Pollen-stigma adhesion ; SLR glycoproteins ; Self-incompatibility ; Unilateral incompatibility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The S-locus-related gene SLR1 is highly conserved and highly expressed in several species of the Brassicaceae family. Its function has not been determined, although several features would suggest a fundamental role in pollination. A second related gene (SLR2) is conserved and expressed in a subset of Brassica genotypes. We analysed the stigmatic expression of SLR1 and SLR2 genes among 11 different plants from various species or genera of the Brassicaceae and examined the extent of the pollen-stigma interaction during intraspecific, interspecific and intergeneric pollinations between them. Appropriate statistical tests on these variables (pollen adhesion, germination, penetration into the stigma, style and ovary, and SLR gene expression) showed that expression of SLR1 (but not SLR2) may be a factor in pollen-stigma adhesion. This hypothesis was supported by the observation of reduced pollen-stigma adhesion in transgenic B. napus plants modified for SLR1 expression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Brassica ; Flower ; Self-incompatibility ; S locus glycoprotein ; S locus receptor kinase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new member of the S gene family,SLR3 (S-Locus Related 3), was identified inBrassica oleracea. This gene had a novel pattern of expression compared with previously described members of the family, being expressed in petals, sepals and vegetative apices, in addition to stigmas and anthers. Moreover, use ofSLR3-derived probes in RNA blot and RACE-PCR (rapid amplification of cDNA ends-polymerase chain reaction) experiments has identified transcripts of genes closely related toSLR3 in leaves, cotyledons and, at high levels in developing anthers.SLR3 is not linked to theS locus but is linked to two or three closely related genes. Sequence analysis of theSLR3 gene indicates that it is derived from an ancestral receptor kinase gene that has been modified by a series of deletion events. As a result of these modifications,SLR3 is predicted to encode a secreted glycoprotein lacking both transmembrane and kinase domains. The putativeSLR3 protein differs from the products of most other S gene family members in that several of the highly conserved cysteines have been lost. Within theS gene family, modification of receptor kinase genes by deletion may represent a general mechanism for the generation of genes encoding secreted glycoproteins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: Brassica ; class II S haplotypes ; self-compatibility ; self-incompatibility ; SLG glycoproteins ; specific anti-SLG antibodies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In Brassica, the S-locus glycoprotein (SLG) gene has been strongly implicated in the self-incompatibility reaction. Several alleles of this locus have been sequenced, and accordingly grouped as class I (corresponding to dominant S-alleles) and class II (recessive). We recently showed that a self-compatible (Sc) line of Brassica oleracea expressed a class II-like SLG (SLG-Sc) gene. Here, we report that the SLG-Sc glycoprotein is electrophoretically and immunochemically very similar to the recessive SLG-S15 glycoprotein, and is similarly expressed in stigmatic papillae. Moreover, by seed yield analysis, we observe that both alleles are associated with a self-compatibility response, in contrast with the other known recessive S haplotypes (S2 and S5). By genomic DNA blot analysis, we show the existence of molecular homologies between the Sc and S15 haplotypes, but demonstrate that they are not identical. On the other hand, we also report that the S2 haplotype expresses very low amounts of SLG glycoproteins, although it exhibits a self-incompatible phenotype. These results strongly question the precise role of the SLG gene in the molecular mechanisms that control the self-incompatibility reaction of Brassica.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 23 (1993), S. 1079-1085 
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: Brassica ; Solanum ; stigma ; style ; self-incompatibility ; multigenic family
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In this study, the tissue printing technique has been used to rapidly localize in female tissues the presence of specific mRNA representing the products (or some of the products) of the self-incompatibility S-locus gene(s). The methodology, initially developed for Brassica oleracea (sporophytic self-incompatibility) has been successfully employed on Solanum chacoense (gametophytic self-incompatibility). In the Brassica system tissue printing has allowed rapid discrimination between S alleles belonging to class 1 (dominant types) vs. class 2 (recessive types), and thus parallels findings obtained by restriction analyses. In the Solanum system the level of the S-RNase messages was analysed by scanning laser densitometry, and it was found that the message levels of the allele S14 declined faster than those coming from S13 in mature flowers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Protoplasma 124 (1985), S. 168-174 
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Pollen ; Brassica ; Sperm cell
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In mature viable pollen ofBrassica oleracea, the pair of sperm cells and the nucleus of the vegetative cell are linked to form a structured unit we term the male germ unit. The sperm cells are held within a common periplasm and have no cell walls. Each sperm cell has a central globular body containing the nucleus surrounded by several evaginations which provide the means for linkage between them. One sperm cell, usually that closest to the nucleus of the vegetative cell contains most of mitochondria profiles (plastids are absent). This sperm cell appears to be linked by its protoplasmic evaginations to the envelope of the vegetative nucleus. The role of this unit in interactions with the female gametic complex is considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 255 (1997), S. 514-524 
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key words Antisense ; Brassica ; Flower ; Self-incompatibility ; S locus receptor kinase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Gene expression can be inhibited by antisense RNA transcripts. Although this phenomenon is widely used to analyse gene function in plants, the molecular mechanisms involved are poorly understood. One approach to improving our understanding of antisense gene regulation is to analyse the function of endogenous antisense transcripts. To date, only a small number of plant genes have been shown to be transcribed in both directions and limited information is available concerning the role of natural antisense transcripts in plants. In this study, we have identified several natural antisense transcripts which hybridise to probes derived from the S locus receptor kinase gene (SRK). The RNase protection assay and reverse trancriptase-PCR were used to demonstrate that a proportion of the antisense transcripts are encoded directly by SRK. Using different RNase protection probes, regions of the promoter, exon I (which encodes the S domain) and intron I of SRK were shown to be transcribed in an antisense direction. An antisense SRK transcript was shown to inhibit translation of a sense transcript in vitro. The possible role of antisense SRK transcripts in vivo is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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