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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Greenhouse and field evaluations of transgenic canola against diamondback moth, shape Plutella xylostella, and corn earworm, shape Helicoverpa zea (1998)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 88 (1998), S. 17-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: transgenic plants ; transgenic canola ; Brassica napus ; Bacillus thuringiensis ; diamondback moth ; corn earworm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivars Oscar and Westar, engineered with a Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cryIA(c) gene, were evaluated for resistance to lepidopterous pests, diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L. (Plutellidae) and corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Noctuidae) in greenhouse and field conditions. In greenhouse preference assays conducted at vegetative and flowering plant stages, transgenic plants recorded very low levels of damage. A 100% diamondback moth mortality and ≈90% corn earworm mortality were obtained on transgenic plants in greenhouse antibiosis assays. The surviving corn earworm larvae on transgenic plants had reduced head capsule width and body weight. Mortality of diamondback moth and corn earworm were 100% and ≈95%, respectively, at different growth stages (seedling, vegetative, bolting, and flowering) on the transgenic plants in greenhouse tests. In field tests conducted during 1995–1997, plots were artificially infested with neonates of diamondback moth or corn earworm or left for natural infestation. Transgenic plants in all the treatments were highly resistant to diamondback moth and corn earworm larvae and had very low levels of defoliation. Plots infested with diamondback moth larvae had greater damage in both seasons as compared with corn earworm infested plots and plots under natural infestation. After exposure to defoliators, transgenic plants usually had higher final plant stand and produced more pods and seeds than non-transgenic plants. Diamondback moth injury caused the most pronounced difference in plant stand and pod and seed number between transgenic and non-transgenic plants. Our results suggest that transgenic canola could be used for effective management of diamondback moth and corn earworm on canola.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003209300897
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Repeated ECS and fluoxetine administration have equivalent effects on hippocampal synaptic plasticity (2000)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 148 (2000), S. 217-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Key words Depressive disorder ; Electroconvulsive stimulation ; Fluoxetine ; Long-term potentiation ; Learning ; Watermaze
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Rationale: Recent studies have implicated intracellular transduction pathways and neurotrophic factors in the action of antidepressants. Adaptation in these pathways may ultimately affect electrophysiological and morphological properties of neurones. We have previously shown that repeated electroconvulsive stimulation, a safe and effective antidepressant treatment, has profound effects on hippocampal synaptic connectivity and plasticity in the rat. Here, we investigated whether these electrophysiological properties were shared by the chemical antidepressant, fluoxetine. Objectives: To compare the electrophysiological and cognitive effects of two very different antidepressant treatments: repeated electroconvulsive stimulation (rECS); and chronic administration of the serotonin specific re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI), fluoxetine. Methods: Rats were exposed to either rECS or daily fluoxetine administration for 15 days. The animals were then anaesthetised and dentate field excitatory post-synaptic potential (fEPSP) characteristics were measured before and after the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) by high frequency perforant path stimulation. In a separate experiment, the effects of rECS and chronic fluoxetine administration on acquisition and retention of a spatial learning task in the Morris watermaze were determined. Results: Chronic fluoxetine administration and rECS produced equivalent increases in dentate fEPSP compared to respective control groups. LTP induction was attenuated in both groups. Spatial learning was, in contrast, unaffected by fluoxetine treatment but significantly impaired following rECS. Conclusions: Given that fluoxetine and rECS share antidepressant properties, but differ in their effects on learning and memory, we propose that the common effects on dentate connectivity and synaptic plasticity described here are more likely to relate to affective rather than cognitive function. This result is consistent with other experiments showing that a reduction in dentate connectivity correlates with stress susceptibility in animals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002130050045
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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