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Determination of C-atom density downstream an Ar-CH4 rf plasma torch (1995)

Cavadias, S. ; Amouroux, J. ; Hochard, L. ; [et al.]

Springer

Plasma chemistry and plasma processing 15 (1995), S. 221-230

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ISSN: 1572-8986

Keywords: C atom density determination ; gas temperature determination ; flowing post-discharge

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology

Notes: Abstract Nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon atoms have been detected by optical emission spectroscopy in a common flowing post-discharge of an Ar-x CH4 rf plasma torch and an Ar-2%N2 microwave discharge. Gas temperature as determined from CN and N2 rotational svstems is 3200 ± 200 K in the rf torch and 700 ± 100 K in the post-discharge at a time 3 X10−2 s after the rf plasma torch. From the intensities of the N2 1st positive system, of NO, and of CN violet hands, the atom densities have been determined as 2 X 1016 cm3 for N, 1015 cm3 for O, and 6 X 1012 cm3 for C in the post-discharge at p=650 torr, with 103 of CH4 in the Ar torch.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01459697

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Production of N, H, and NH active species in N2-H2 dc flowing discharges (1995)

Amorim, J. ; Baravia, G. ; Ricard, A.

Springer

Plasma chemistry and plasma processing 15 (1995), S. 721-731

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ISSN: 1572-8986

Keywords: Laser-induced fluorescence ; flowing dc discharge ; N2-H2 mixture

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology

Notes: Abstract Densities of N, H, and NH active species have been detected by laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) in N2-xH2 dc flowing discharges. A peak value of N atom densities far x = 0.2–0.5% and a plateau value of H atom densities between x = 1% and 90% in post-discharge conditions (Δ∼0.05 sec, p = 2 torr) has been found. Comparison between LIF measurements of N atoms and the trend of the N2(B, v = II) population shows that the emission from this state can be used for monitoring N atoms. The NH radical has only been detected inside the discharge region.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01447069

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Concentrations of Active Species in the Flowing Afterglow of a Nitrogen Microwave Plasma (1998)

Diamy, A.-M. ; Hochard, L. ; Legrand, J.-C. ; [et al.]

Springer

Plasma chemistry and plasma processing 18 (1998), S. 447-460

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ISSN: 1572-8986

Keywords: Nitrogen afterglow ; microwave discharge ; nitrogen atom concentration ; metastable nitrogen molecule concentration

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology

Notes: Abstract Measurements of nitrogen atom density, by means of NO chemical titration, along with an evaluation of the densities of some excited species N 2 (B, v=11), N 2 (B, v=2), N 2 (C, v=0), and N 2 + (B,v=0), by means of a spectroscopic study of some bands of dinitrogen, are achieved along the flowing afterglow of a dinitrogen microwave plasma (2450 MHz) for several pressures. The concentrations obtained are in the following range: [N]∼10 +15 , [N 2 (B, 2)]∼10 +9 –10 +10 , [N 2 (B, 11)]∼10 +8 –10 +9 , [N 2 (C, 0)]∼10 +6 –10 +7 , [N 2 + (B,0)]∼10 +6 -10 +8 (cm-3). From a kinetic study of the formation and decay of excited and charged species, an estimation of N 2 (A, v), N 2 (X, v, and N 2 + (X) densities can be derived: [N 2 (A, v)]∼10 +12 , [N 2 (X, v≥6)]∼10 +15 –10 +16 , [N 2 (X, v≥12)]∼10 +14 –10 +15 , [N 2 + (X)]∼10 +10 (cm -3 ).

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021855131761

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CN chemiluminescence in N2 + CH4 Flowing afterglow at low temperatures (1994)

Janča, J. ; Tálský, A. ; Krčma, F. ; [et al.]

Springer

Plasma chemistry and plasma processing 14 (1994), S. 197-208

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ISSN: 1572-8986

Keywords: Nitrogen afterglow ; CN chemiluminescence ; recombination ; hydrocarbon trace detection

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology

Notes: Abstract The spectra of flowing microwave post-discharge excited in N2 and N2 + CH4(N2 + C2H2) gas mixtures have been studied at low temperature (77 K). The molecular spectra of CN emitted by the collision-induced N + C and N + CH chemiluminescent reactions in the low-temperature afterglow system have been thoroughly investigated. The intensity of different CN (B2Σ+-X2Σ+) vibrational bands is very sensitive to low hydrocarbon concentration in nitrogen used as the working gas. Detection of hydrocarbon species has been demonstrated from concentrations of CH4 and C2H2 in N2 greater than 1010 molecules · cm−3.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01447078

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Viscosity behavior of poly(glyceryl methacrylate) in the presence of borate and phenylboronate ions (1995)

Keita, G. ; Ricard, A. ; Audebert, R.

Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 33 (1995), S. 1015-1022

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ISSN: 0887-6266

Keywords: complexing polymer ; solution viscosity ; poly(glyceryl methacrylate) ; borate ion ; phenylboronate ion ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics

Notes: The viscosity behavior of polyelectrolyte solutions induced by borate or phenylboronate complexation with poly(glyceryl methacrylate) (PGM) has been investigated. In dilute solutions borate ions can form monodiol (1/1) complexes and didiol (2/1) intramolecular complexes. Both types of complex are anionic. Thus, the polymer is characterized by the existence of charged sites on the chain and loops formed by intramolecular complexation. On the contrary, phenylboronate can only give monodiol 1/1 complexes. In the presence of passive salt, the charges are screened. By addition of borate ion to a PGM solution, a decrease of the initial polymer viscosity due to loop formation is first observed, then the anionic charges fixed on the chain by complex formation induce an expansion of the polyelectrolyte and the viscosity of the solution increases. The situation is different for the PGM-phenyl boronate system, where no intramolecular crosslink is present. In this case the viscosity of the solution increases with phenyl boronate concentration. But for a fixed complexing ion concentration it will tend to that of the neutral polymer when NaCl is added. ©1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Additional Material: 6 Ill.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1995.090330704

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