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  • C4 grass  (1)
  • Mixture method of clustering  (1)
  • Random amplified polymorphic DNA  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance of osmotic adjustment to water stress in three grain sorghum crosses (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 90 (1995), S. 675-682 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Sorghum ; Water stress ; Osmotic adjustment ; Inheritance ; Major genes ; Mixture method of clustering
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Water stress is one of the major constraints to the grain yield of sorghum in tropical and sub-tropical areas of the world. Osmotic adjustment has been widely proposed as a plant attribute that confers adaptation to water stress. The inheritance of osmotic adjustment to water stress was investigated in a series of generations derived from the three possible bi-parental crosses between two inbred sorghum lines with a high capacity for osmotic adjustment (Tx2813 and TAM422; high-OA lines) and one with a low capacity (QL27; low-OA line). Broad-sense heritability on a single-plant basis was generally found to be high. Analysis of segregation ratios by the mixture method of clustering identified two independent major genes for high osmotic adjustment. The line Tx2813 possessed a recessive gene which is given the symbol oa1; the line TAM422 possessed an additive gene which is given the symbol OA2. There was some evidence that there may be other minor genes which influence the expression of osmotic adjustment in these crosses as two putative transgressive segregants, with higher osmotic adjustment than the parents, were identified from the cross between Tx2813 and TAM422. Populations of recombinant inbred lines were developed and characterised for osmotic adjustment for two of the crosses (QL27 x TAM422, low-OA x high-OA; Tx2813 x TAM422, high-oal x high-OA2). These will be used to conduct experiments which test hypotheses about the contribution of the high-osmotic-adjustment genes to the grain yield of sorghum under a range of water-stress conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222133
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DNA polymorphisms in grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) (1993)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 86 (1993), S. 679-688 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Random amplified polymorphic DNA ; Restriction fragment length polymorphisms ; Genetic diversity ; Genome mapping ; Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Molecular markers [random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)] were used to determine the frequency of DNA polymorphism in grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench). Twenty-nine oligonucleotide primers were employed for RAPDs, generating a total of 262 DNA fragments, of which 145 were polymorphic in at least one pairwise comparison between 36 genotypes. Individual primers differed significantly in their ability to detect genetic polymorphism in the species. The overall frequency of polymorphisms was low with a mean frequency of 0.117 polymorphisms per RAPD band being obtained from all pairwise comparisons between genotypes, with maximum and minimum values of 0.212 and 0.039, respectively. Results from phenetic analysis of bandsharing data were consistent with current sub-specific groupings of the species, with clusters of Durra, Zerazera, Caud-Nig, Caud-Kaura and Caffrorum being discernible. The results also indicated that individuals of a similar taxonomic grouping but different geographic origin may be genetically less identical than previously considered. Similar frequencies of polymorphism to that obtained with RAPDs were obtained with RFLPs. Results from these experiments indicated that a high level of genetic uniformity exists within S. bicolor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222656
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of temperature on light utilization efficiency of leaves in C3 legumes and C4 grasses (1981)
    Springer
    Photosynthesis research 1 (1981), S. 243-249 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5079
    Keywords: C4 grass ; C3 legume ; light utilization efficiency ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of temperatures between 15 and 50°C on the light utilization efficiency of leaf net photosynthesis was studied in two C4 grasses and two C3 legumes. In the legumes, light utilization efficiency (μ mol of CO2 fixed per μ Einstein of incident photosynthetic quantum flux) declined linearly with temperature between 15 and 45°C. On the other hand, it was independent of temperature between 15 and 40°C in the grasses, but it declined rapidly between 40 and 50°C. Values for grasses were greater than those for legumes at all temperatures; for example, at 30°C the ratio of the mean values of grass to legume was 1.6–1.7 which is similar to a previously published value of 1.6. Light utilization efficiency was similar for grasses and legumes only at temperatures below 10 and above 50°C. These findings are compared with published data, especially those of Ehleringer and Björkman, and their implications for predicting or interpreting the distribution of C3 and C4 species are briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00034267
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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