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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transcription, adipocyte differentiation, and obesity (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 74 (1996), S. 347-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Adipocytes ; CCAATT enhancer binding protein ; Gene expression ; Nuclear receptors ; Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Differentiation of adipogenic precursor cells into mature adipocytes is a complex phenomenon, characterized by an ordered expression of adipocyte-specific genes, triggered by a set of interacting transcription factors. The most important transcription factors involved in this process are the γ form of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARγ) and the various members of the CCAAT enhancer binding proteins (α, β, and δ). In addition to PPARγ and these enhancer binding proteins, several other transcription factors, including ADD-1 (SRE-BP), HMGI-C, are involved in regulating this process. Altered activity and/or expression of these transcription factors, will induce the expression of target genes in the differentiating cells, ultimately resulting in the phenotypical characteristics of the adipocytes. It is speculated that modulation of these transcription factors by either pharmacological or dietary manipulations might influence adipocyte differentiation and prove beneficial in the prevention and treatment of obesity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00210629
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transcription, adipocyte differentiation, and obesity (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 74 (1996), S. 347-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Key words Adipocytes ; CCAATT enhancer binding protein ; Gene expression ; Nuclear receptors ; Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Differentiation of adipogenic precursor cells into mature adipocytes is a complex phenomenon, characterized by an ordered expression of adipocyte-specific genes, triggered by a set of interacting transcription factors. The most important transcription factors involved in this process are the γ form of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARγ) and the various members of the CCAAT enhancer binding proteins (α, β, and δ). In addition to PPARγ and these enhancer binding proteins, several other transcription factors, including ADD-1 (SRE-BP), HMGI-C, are involved in regulating this process. Altered activity and/or expression of these transcription factors, will induce the expression of target genes in the differentiating cells, ultimately resulting in the phenotypical characteristics of the adipocytes. It is speculated that modulation of these transcription factors by either pharmacological or dietary manipulations might influence adipocyte differentiation and prove beneficial in the prevention and treatment of obesity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001090050036
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histamine as an autocrine growth factor in experimental mammary carcinomas (1994)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 43 (1994), S. 17-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Histamine receptors ; Histamine ; Histidine decarboxylase ; Growth factors ; Tumor growth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to determine the role of endogenous histamine in the regulation of cell growth, thein vitro action of fluoromethyl-histidine (MFMH) was studied in experimental mammary carcinomas induced in rats. Tumor cells were cultured in soft agar using the clonogenic agar technique. The MFMH was added in different concentrations (0.01–100 μM). The effect observed was a 60% inhibition on colony formation with a maximal effect at concentrations over 10 μM. This action was completely reverted by the H2 agonists dimaprit and arpromidine with an IC50 value of 1 μM. The action of the H2 agonists when added alone was a significant increase in cell proliferation (135%), while the H1 agonist produced a dose-dependent inhibition on cell growth. In these experimental carcinomas endogenous histamine is critical for cell proliferation and one of its major effects may be the stimulation of cell growth by acting on specific H2 membrane receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02005757
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The extraneuronal O-methylation of 3H-(±)isoprenaline by guinea-pig tracheal rings in vitro (1981)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 318 (1981), S. 88-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Guinea-pig trachea ; Isoprenaline ; Extraneuronal uptake ; COMT ; Histamine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Tracheal rings isolated from male guinea-pigs and incubated in Krebs' solution at 37° C O-methylated 3H-(±)isoprenaline by a saturable, high affinity mechanism. 1. With 3H-isoprenaline at 1 μmol·l−1, O-methyl 3H-(±)isoprenaline (3H-OMI) appeared in the tissue with a half-time for approach to steady state of approximately 10 min and was measured in the incubation medium after about 5 min, its concentration increasing linearly thereafter. With 3H-isoprenaline concentrations ranging from 1 to 200 μmol·l−1, the total formation of 3H-OMI (estimated from that contained in the tissue and the medium) was maintained at steady state rates for up to 60 min, after initial lag times of between 1 and 3 min. O-methylation obeyed Michaelis-Menten saturation kinetics; K m=6.14±0.13 μmol·l−1, V max=0.31±0.01 nmol·g−1·min−1. 2. The catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) inhibitor U-O521 and the extraneuronal uptake inhibitor corticosterone both reduced O-methylation of 3H-isoprenaline (0.1 μmol·l−1) by tracheal rings. However, U-O521 was fully inhibitory (IC50=2.6 μmol·l−1), but corticosterone inhibited by only 46% at concentrations up to 1 mmol·l−1. 3. The O-methylating activity of the “smooth muscle-rich” component of the trachea was approximately three-times greater than for complete tracheal rings. However, considerable activity was also associated with “cartilage-rich”, “smooth muscle-poor” sections. This activity did not seem to be associated with endothelial cells. 4. Histamine strongly inhibited O-methylation (IC50=30 μmol·l−1), but two other contractile agonists, 5-hydroxytryptamine and bethanechol, were weakly active and inactive, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00508831
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histamine is a major mechanosensory neurotransmitter candidate in Drosophila melanogaster (1993)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 273 (1993), S. 119-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Insect neryous system ; Histamine ; Neurotransmitter ; Immunohistochemistry ; Mechanosensory receptors ; Drosophila melanogaster, Musca domestica (Insecta)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Histamine is known to be the neurotransmitter of insect photoreceptors. Histamine-like immunoreactivity is also found in a number of interneurons in the central nervous system of various insects. Here, we demonstrate by immunohistochemical techniques that, in Drosophila melanogaster (Acalypterae), most or all mechanosensory neurons of imaginal hair sensilla selectively bind antibodies directed against histamine. The histamine-like staining includes the cell bodies of these neurons as well as their axons, which form prominent fibre bundles in peripheral nerves, and their terminal projections in the central neuropil of head and thoracic ganglia. The specificity of the immunostaining is demonstrated by investigating a Drosophila mutant unable to synthesize histamine. Other mechanosensory organs, such as campaniform sensilla or scolopidial organs, do not stain. In the calypteran flies, Musca and Calliphora, we find no comparable immunoreactivity associated with either hair sensilla or the nerves entering the central nervous system, observations in agreement with earlier studies on Calliphora. Thus, histamine seems to be a major mechanosensory transmitter candidate of the adult nervous system of Drosophila, but apparently not of Musca or Calliphora.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00304618
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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