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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 57 (1979), S. 195-196 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Hämofiltration ; Antibiotica ; chronische Niereninsuffizienz ; Hemofiltration ; Antibiotics ; Chronic Renal Failure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Elimination of ampicillin and gentamicin by hemofiltration was measured in 5 and 4 patients, respectively, being treated for end stage renal failure. Serum half-life time of ampicillin after a single I.V. dose of 2 g, was found to be 2.97±0.73 h, and the filtrate concentrations declined parallel to the serum ampicillin levels, as was to be expected. The serum half-life time after a single I.V. dose of 1 mg/kg body weight gentamicin was 3.26±0.42 h, and considerably shorter than T/2 of gentamicin in conventional hemodialysis, while the filtrate concentrations increased paradoxically with declining serum levels. This could be explained by binding of this aminoglycoside to the polyacrylnitril membrane of the RP 6® dialyser used for hemofiltration.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei 5 bzw. 4 Patienten mit terminaler Niereninsuffizienz wurde die Elimination von Ampicillin bzw. Gentamicin durch die Hämofiltration gemessen. Die Serum-Halbwertzeit von Ampicillin betrug nach einer Einzeldosis von 2 g i.v. 2,97±0,73 h und die Filtratkonzentration nahm, wie zu erwarten war, parallel den Serum-Ampicillin-Spiegeln ab. Die Serum-Halbwertzeit von Gentamicin betrug nach einer Einzeldosis von 1 mg/kg Körpergewicht i.v. 3,26±0,42 h und war damit beträchtlich kürzer als T/2 von Gentamicin bei der konventionellen Hämodialyse, während die Filtratkonzentrationen paradoxerweise mit abfallenden Serum-Spiegeln anstiegen. Dieses Verhalten könnte durch eine Bindung des Aminoglykosids an die Polyacrylnitrilmembran des RP 6® Dialysators, wie er für die Hämofiltration verwendet wurde, erklärt werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Keywords: Key Words Immunodeficiency ; Opportunistic infection ; CD4 ; T-helper cells ; Pneumocystis carinii
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Background: Patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy with corticosteroids and cytotoxic agents may develop opportunistic infections such as Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). This indicates a severe T-cell defect, but so far there are no established criteria for identifying patients at risk. Patients and Methods: CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte counts were determined by flow cytometry in seven HIV-negative patients who developed PCP as a complication of immunosuppressive treatment. Results: CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts (T-helper phenotype) were less than 200/μl in all seven patients (mean 90.6/μl). The markedly reduced CD4 counts measured in these patients are similar to those observed in organ transplant recipients who developed PCP during immunosuppressive therapy for prevention of graft rejection and in HIV-positive patients with PCP as an AIDS-defining illness. Conclusion: Measuring CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts may be helpful in determining the risk of PCP not only in HIV-positive patients, but also in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy. The risk of acqiring PCP seems to increase when CD4+ lymphocyte counts drop below 200/μl, regardless of the underlying disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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