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  • Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes  (2)
  • Calcite  (1)
  • DNA adducts  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Mutation Research/Environmental Mutagenesis and Related Subjects 292 (1993), S. 113-122 
    ISSN: 0165-1161
    Keywords: Antibody ; DNA ; DNA adducts ; ELISA ; ^3^2P-postlabelling analysis ; anti-Benzo[a]pyrene-diol-epoxide-DNA antibody analysis
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 4 (1969), S. 314-329 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Sponge ; Spicules ; Calcite ; Analysis ; Specific gravity ; Speciation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Nous donnons les résultats d'analyses chimiques, d'examens aux rayons infra-rouge, et d'examens par diffraction des rayons-X, des spicules de sept espèces des Éponges Calcaires avec aussi les valeurs de gravité spcéifique. Les spicules se composent de calcite et de magnésium. Nous avons découvert des traces de quartz, mais nous les attribuons à la contamination. Nous avons cherché l'aragonite, sans la trouver, bien que la présence du quartz en rende plus difficile la recherche. Le contenu de Mg2+ a varié de 1,25 à 3,15 pour cent d'une espèce à l'autre, s'élevant selon la grandeur des spicules dans les deux espèces que nous avons étudiées. Il était aussi en corrélation étroite avec le déplacement du sommet 112 de diffraction. Des composants présents en quantité moindre, et dont nous avons estimé le pourcentage, se trouvaient être Sr2+, Na+ et SO 4 2− . Sr2+ était relativement invariable, les deux autres étaient variables. Nous avons découvert aussi des traces de Al3+, Si, Mn2+, Ba2+ et Li+. Les valeurs de gravité spécifique s'échelonnaient de 2,58 à 2,62, les spicules plus petits fournissant la plus grande variation. Nous considérons la composition par rapport à la sécrétion de spicules et à la classification de la Calcarea.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Die Ergebnisse von chemischen, röntgenographischen und infraroten Analysen, zusammen mit Bestimmungen von spezifischem Gewicht, werden für die Nadeln von 7 species der Kalkschwämme dargestellt. Die Nadeln setzen sich zusammen aus magnesiahaltigem Calcit. Spuren von Quartz wurden nachgewiesen, die sich aber auf Verunreinigungen zurückführen lassen. Aragonit wurde gesucht, aber nicht gefunden, obgleich die Anwesenheit von Quartz seine Feststellung erschwert. Der Mg2+-Inhalt variierte von 1,25–3,15% zwischen den Species, und nahm mit wachsender Nadelgröße bei den beiden untersuchten Species zu; es gibt auch enge Wechselbeziehungen zur Absetzung der Calcit-112-Diffraktionsspitze. Es gibt vermutlich geringere Mengen von Sr2+, Na+, und SO 4 2− . Sr2+ war relative beständig, die anderen zwei veränderlich. Spuren von Al3+, Si, Mn2+, Ba2+ und Li+ wurden auch nachgewiesen. Die durchschnittlichen spezifischen Gewichte veränderten sich von 2,58–2,62, und kleinere Nadeln variieren stärker. Die Zusammensetzung wird mit Hinsicht auf die Ausscheidung der Nadeln und die Klassenordnung der Kalkschwämme betrachtet.
    Notes: Abstract The results of chemical, X-ray diffraction and infra-red analyses, together with specific gravity determinations, are presented for the spicules of seven species of Calcarea. The spicules are composed of magnesian calcite. Traces of quartz were detected, but are ascribed to contamination. Aragonite was sought but not proven, although the presence of quartz complicates its detection. The Mg content varied from 1.25–3.15% between species, and increased with spicule size in the two species studied; it also correlated closely with the displacement of the calcite 112 diffraction peak. Minor constituents estimated were Sr2+, Na+ and SO 4 2− :Sr2+ was relatively constant, the other two variable. Traces of Al3+, Si, Mn2+ and Li+ were also detected. Average specific gravities ranged from 2.58–2.62, smaller spicules having a wider range Composition is considered in relation to spicule secretion and classification of the Calcarea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes ; HLA-DQ ; racial studies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients and control subjects of Afro-Caribbean Negroid racial origin were investigated by serological HLA-DR-typing and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis using DNA probes corresponding to the DQα, DQβ and DRβ chain genes. Combined analysis indicated that four DR antigens are positively associated with the condition in Negroid subjects — DR3, 4, 7 and w9. DR3 and 4 are also associated in Caucasians, but the relative risk for DR3 is lower in Negroid subjects. The DR7 association is specific for the Negroid race, and DRw9 is only weakly associated in Caucasoid subjects. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis demonstrated a DQβ restriction pattern in Negroid subjects which is absent from Caucasoid subjects. This pattern was associated with DRw9 and a subset of DR7, and was markedly increased in frequency in diabetic patients compared with control subjects (48.7% vs 10.4%, respectively; P〈10−4). In the absence of this pattern, DR7 showed no positive association. DR3 in Negroid subjects was associated with two distinct DQα-DQβ patterns, only one of which was positively associated with diabetes. A DQβ pattern, in linkage disequilibrium with different DR antigens in different races, conferred a consistent protective effect against the development of Type 1 diabetes. Trans-racial genetic analysis thus supports a primary role for DQ in susceptibility to Type 1 diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Trans-racial studies ; North Indians ; gene probing ; HLA-DQ ; Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Trans-racial analysis of disease associations has improved mapping of MHC-linked susceptibility to Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. In this study the contributions of the MHC class II DQA1 and DQB1 genes were investigated. Sequence-specific oligonucleotide gene probing in Type 1 diabetic and control subjects of North Indian origin supported the DQw1.18 allele of the DQB1 gene as a determinant of inherited protection against Type 1 diabetes (RR=0.12, p c〈0.05). The A3 allele of the DQA1 gene was positively associated with the disease, (RR=3.6, p c〈0.05), as was the DQw2 allele of the DQB1 gene (RR=4.6, p c〈0.01). Trans-racial comparison of these disease associations indicates that DQ alleles may directly determine an element of inherited susceptibility to Type 1 diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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