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  • dry bean  (2)
  • Canola  (1)
  • Centers of domestication  (1)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Yield stability of determinate and indeterminate dry bean cultivars (1987)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 74 (1987), S. 516-521 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Phaseolus vulgaris L. ; Gene pool ; Growth habit ; Centers of domestication ; Architype
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Yield stability of determinate and indeterminate dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars was compared using regression of genotypic performance on environmental means. Yields of 28 dry bean cultivars differing in plant growth habit and commercial class designation were obtained from 42 Michigan performance nurseries over the 6 year period 1980 to 1985. The determinate type I large-seeded kidney and cranberry bean cultivars had below-average seed yield and large mean square deviations from regression. Lower yielding determinate small-seeded navy cultivars had low deviation mean square values, while higher yielding determinate navy cultivars had correspondingly higher mean square deviations from regression. Although seed yield of cultivars with an indeterminate growth habit was greater than determinate cultivars, prostrate type III indeterminate cultivars had deviation mean square values equivalent to those of large-seeded determinate cultivars. The erect, short vine type II indeterminate cultivars (architypes) had greater than average seed yields and minimum deviations from regression. Compared with other plant types, the architype group showed a greater yield response to more productive environments, with regression coefficient values significantly greater than unity. These results indicate that the type II growth habit offers the breeder the best opportunity of obtaining greater seed yield without incurring loss of yield stability as occurs with the type I and type III growth habits. Since the dry bean cultivars utilized in this study represent two distinct centers of domestication, the regression analysis suggests that cultivars from the predominant genetic center demonstrate more yield stability. A non-significant rank correlation coefficient between the combined and separate analyses for deviation mean square values of large-seeded cultivars implies that commercial dry bean classes should be compared separately based on center of domestication.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00289831
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Relationship between genetic distance and heterosis for yield and morphological traits in winter canola (Brassica napus L.) (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 91 (1995), S. 118-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Canola ; Heterosis ; Genetic distance ; Multivariate analysis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Genetic distance among canola cultivars was estimated through multivariate analysis. Thirty cultivars from various sources were analyzed and clustered based upon five morphological characteristics and yield components-crown diameter, number of branches plant-1, number of pods plant-1, number of seeds pod-1 and yield plant-1 -and placed in three distinct clusters. Two cultivars from each cluster were selected as parents and 15 partial-diallel inter- and intra-cluster crosses were made between the six selected parents and evaluated at two locations in Michigan in 1990/1991. The association between genetic distance and mid-parent heterosis was investigated. The correlation between genetic distance and heterosis was positive and highly significant for seed yield, number of pods plant-1, and number of seeds pod-1. Clustering, based on yield and yield-component traits, demonstrated that inter-cluster heterosis was greater than intra-cluster heterosis in the majority of cases.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00220867
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Phenotypic recurrent selection in ideotype breeding of pinto beans (1987)
    Springer
    Euphytica 36 (1987), S. 69-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Phaseolus vulgaris ; dry bean ; common bean ; recurrent selection ; ideotype ; architype ; plant architecture ; linkage ; seed size ; growth habit ; plant type
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Plant growth habit (type) plays a major determining role in the acceptance of a dry bean cultivar by commercial growers. Under the threat of wet fall conditions in the midwestern U.S., growers show a preference for upright plant types-I and II over the more prostrate type-III growth habit of commercial pinto cultivars. The prostrate habit creates considerably more risk of harvest losses and potential of white mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) development during a wet growing season. The breeding strategy being utilized to develop better adapted pinto bean cultivars for the humid midwest is based on the concept of ideotype breeding which has been successfully applied to small seeded navy and black beans. A system of phenotypic recurrent selection using S1 selection is being followed in order to recombine desirable traits from two diverse germplasm pools. One germplasm pool possesses the desirable architectural plant form and disease resistance traits of the small-seeded types while the medium-seeded germplasm source possesses the desirable seed size, shape and color characteristics of the pinto class. Since a repulsion phase linkage appears to exist between type-II architecture (architype) and medium seed size (40 g/100 seeds), recurrent selection is shown to be the most effective procedure for breaking up undesirable linkage groups and for increasing the frequency of desirable genes, thus enhancing the chance for the desirable genetic recombinations to occur.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00730649
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Allozyme evaluation of upright common bean genotypes (1993)
    Springer
    Euphytica 67 (1993), S. 65-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): architype ; diaphorase ; dry bean ; ideotype ; isozyme ; Phaseolus vulgaris L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary In common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) the diaphorase (DIA) allozyme variant Diap-2 105 is frequently present in plants with upright, type II plant architecture. The genetic relationship between upright plant architecture and Diap-2 105 was investigated in eight F2 populations derived from crosses between navy bean and pinto bean parental lines differing for type I, II, and III growth habit and DIA genotype. Segregation at the Diap-2 locus followed the expected 1:2:1 ratio in all eight F2 populations and when pooled across F2 populations. F2 data from 1345 individuals indicated that plant architecture and the Diap-2 locus are not linked (r=0.03, P=0.333). However, the Diap-2 105 allozyme was present in 71% of advanced navy, pinto, and great northern genotypes with type II plant architecture. Due to random drift, Diap-2 105, initially associated with type II architecture through founder effect, may be maintained in such genotypes without providing greater fitness or without being associated with a locus or linked loci governing upright plant architecture.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00022726
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