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  • Cardiac output  (2)
  • Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship of changes in cardiac output to changes in heart rate in medical ICU patients (1996)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 22 (1996), S. 409-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Blood pressure ; Cardiac output ; Catherization ; Swan-Ganz ; Critical care ; Heart ; Monitoring physiologic ; Heart rate ; Thermodilution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective To determine whether changes in cardiac output are correlated with changes in other commonly measured covariables (heart rate, respiratory rate, mean arterial pressure, mean pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary artery occlusion pressure, and temperature). Design Case series. Setting Medical intensive care unit (ICU) in a Veterans Administration Medical Center. Patients Twenty-three patients with Swan-Ganz catheters placed by the primary care team were studied on 25 occasions. Patients were managed by the primary team as clinically indicated. Interventions Thermodilution cardiac output and covariables were determined at baseline and at hourly intervals for the next 5 h. Each cardiac output measurement was calculated by averaging the last four of five individual measurements at each time point. Results The mean cardiac output (9.2l/min), heart rate (107/min), and pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (19 mmHg) were elevated. The hourly mean change in cardiac output was 10.2%. Using least-squares linear regression analysis, we found clinically significant changes in cardiac output (〉6.4%) to be most closely correlated with changes in heart rate (R 2=0.29,p〈0.001). Stepwise linear regression analysis showed that none of the other covariables added significantly to this relationship. No significant relationship was found between changes in cardiac output and changes in pulmonary artery occlusion pressure. Despite these correlations clinically significant changes in cardiac output were accompanied by changes in heart rate in the same direction only 62% of the time. Conclusion Changes in cardiac output were best correlated with changes in heart rate. Changes in pulmonary artery occlusion pressure were not correlated with changes in cardiac output in this population of medical ICU patients. A change in any of the covariables (alone or in combination) cannot be reliably used to indicate a simultaneous change in cardiac output.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01712156
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship of changes in cardiac output to changes in heart rate in medical ICU patients (1996)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 22 (1996), S. 409-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Blood pressure ; Cardiac output ; Catherization ; Swan-Ganz ; Critical care ; Heart ; Monitoring ; physiologic ; Heart rate ; Thermodilution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To determine whether changes in cardiac output are correlated with changes in other commonly measured covariables (heart rate, respiratory rate, mean arterial pressure, mean pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary artery occlusion pressure, and temperature). Design: Case series. Setting: Medical intensive care unit (ICU) in a Veterans Administration Medical Center. Patients: Twenty-three patients with Swan-Ganz catheters placed by the primary care team were studied on 25 occasions. Patients were managed by the primary team as clinically indicated. Interventions: Thermodilution cardiac output and covariables were determined at baseline and at hourly intervals for the next 5 h. Each cardiac output measurement was calculated by averaging the last four of five individual measurements at each time point. Results: The mean cardiac output (9.2 l/min), heart rate (107/min), and pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (19 mmHg) were elevated. The hourly mean change in cardiac output was 10.2%. Using least-squares linear regression analysis, we found clinically significant changes in cardiac output (〉6.4%) to be most closely correlated with changes in heart rate (R 2=0.29, p〈0.001). Stepwise linear regression analysis showed that none of the other covariables added significantly to this relationship. No significant relationship was found between changes in cardiac output and changes in pulmonary artery occlusion pressure. Despite these correlations clinically significant changes in cardiac output were accompanied by changes in heart rate in the same direction only 62% of the time. Conclusion: Changes in cardiac output were best correlated with changes in heart rate. Changes in pulmonary artery occlusion pressure were not correlated with changes in cardiac output in this population of medical ICU patients. A change in any of the covariables (alone or in combination) cannot be reliably used to indicate a simultaneous change in cardiac output.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01712156
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Absorption maxima study of chromophores of indigoid dyes (1996)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 60 (1996), S. 681-687 
    Details
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Molecular structure of 21 chromophores of indigoid dyes were studied by an ab initio MP2/6-31 + G*/ /HF/6-31 + G* method. Bond lengths and bond angles were affected by π-electron conjugation. The difference between molecular structures of chromophores and indigoid dyes indicated that benzene rings and five-membered rings in indigoid dyes are structurally important. Absorption maxima of chromophores were successfully calculated by the CI-singles-MP2/6-31 + G* theory. Like indigoid dyes, absorption maxima of the chromophores are affected by the positions of the donor and acceptor groups on the trimethine group. Bathochromic shifts of the absorption maxima were observed with the best donor group of (SINGLE BOND)NH among (SINGLE BOND)NH, (SINGLE BOND)O, and (SINGLE BOND)S groups. Appropriate substitution of longer-chain polymethines brought about chromophoric systems having hypsochromic shifts. From these calculations, the absorption maxima of some indigoid dyes could be explained by their chromophores qualitatively. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The molecular structures and the absorption maxima of the H-chromophores of the indigoid dyesSix pages of the geometries and total atomic charges of the H-chromophores with different donors are available from the author upon request. (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Computational Chemistry 16 (1995), S. 945-950 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-8651
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Biochemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science
    Notes: The molecular structures of the H-chromophore of the indigoid dyes and five other isomers are studied by ab initio MP2/6-31 + G*//HF/6-31 + G* method. The bond angles are affected by the π-electron conjugation. The molecular structures of the H-chromophores and indigoid dyes indicate that the benzene rings and the five-membered rings are structurally important. The absorption maxima of the H-chromophores are successfully calculated by CI-singles-MP2/6-31 + G* theory for the first time and correspond to the HOMO, LUMO transition. All these transitions are the π-π* transitions. Like the indigoid dyes, trans isomers have the bathochromic shifts of the absorption maxima, and the bathochromic shifts are found with the best donor group of —NH. From these calculations, the absorption maxima of some indigoid dyes can be explained by their H-chromophores qualitatively. © 1995 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcc.540160804
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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