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  • Cardiovascular diseases  (1)
  • France  (1)
  • Occupational epidemiology  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Accreditation and quality assurance 3 (1998), S. 488-496 
    ISSN: 1432-0517
    Keywords: Key words ISO 9002 standard ; Occupational epidemiology ; Research
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  The Department of Epidemiology, which forms part of the French National Institute for Research and Safety (INRS), is involved in research on occupational risks. It provides results of industry-based epidemiological studies focused on the relationship between occupational exposure and diseases of the respiratory system, central and peripheral nervous systems and cancer. This paper describes the Quality Assurance System developed by our department, which has been successfully maintained and extended since being granted ISO 9002 certification by the French Association for Quality Assurance. The quality system includes procedures specific to epidemiological study conduct and scientific peer reviews. It has been designed in order to meet the required ISO elements, including quality aims and policy, quality procedures for management of personnel, sub-contractors and facilities, nonconformities, corrective and preventive actions, archiving and traceability and planning of internal quality audits. Improvements in management, technical and service quality have resulted from this process. Although epidemiological studies differ markedly from industrial production for which the standards were originally drawn up, we have found that Quality Assurance is both applicable and useful in epidemiological research on occupational risks. Therefore, we conclude that a certified Quality Assurance Scheme including scientific peer reviews can be recommended to ensure reliable epidemiological results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-7225
    Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases ; chromium ; ferrochromium ; foundry ; France ; heat ; lung cancer ; stainless steel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The mortality pattern of workers involved in the production of stainless steel (SS) was studied from 1968 to 1984 in order to investigate a possible risk of lung cancer in relation to exposure to chromium compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and silica. The role of heat exposure in mortality from cardiovascular diseases also was examined. The cohort was comprised of 4,227 workers. Complete individual job histories were provided by the company (UGINE SA). The smoking habits of 24 percent of the cohort members were known from the interview of workers still active during the data collection. The observed numbers of deaths were compared with the expected ones based on national rates with adjustment for age, sex, and calendar time (standardized mortality ratio, SMR). No significant excesses of lung cancer were observed among workers employed in the manufacture of ferroalloys (SMR=0.68) and in the melting and casting of SS (SMR=1.04), whereas a significant excess appeared among SS foundry workers (SMR=2.29). This excess was higher and remained significant among workers with more than 30 years since first employment in the foundry area (SMR=3.34). Among subjects exposed to heat, no excess was observed for all cardiovascular diseases or for ischemic heart diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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