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  • Catalonia  (3)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (3)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus ; incidence ; epidemiology ; seasonality ; Catalonia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The incidence of Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus was prospectively evaluated in Catalonia, Spain in patients up to 30 years of age during the period 1987–1990. The population at risk (0–29 years) consisted of 2,690,394 inhabitants (total population of Catalonia 5,978,638). All the cases were independently identified from four sources: endocrinologists, sales of blood glucose monitors and insulin pen injectors, diabetes societies and diabetic summer camps. The degree of ascertainment was 90.1 %. The overall observed incidence rate was 10.7 per 100,000 per year, being 11.5 per 100,000 per year in the 0–14 age group. The incidence in males (12.0 per 100,000 per year) was higher than in females (9.3 per 100,000 per year), with a male/female ratio of 1.36/l. The sex differences were only present in cases over 14 years of age. Age specific incidence rates per 100,000 per year were 4.4 (confidence interval 95%: 3.2–5.7) in the age group 0–4, 9.9 (8.5–11.4) in 5–9, 17.5 (15.7–19.4) in 10–14, 11.4 (9.9–13.0) in 15–19, 11.3 (9.7–13.0) in 20–24 and 8.5 (7.2–9.9) in 25–29. There was a seasonal onset pattern, with the highest incidence in winter (December–February). We conclude that the incidence of Type 1 diabetes observed in Catalonia during the period 1987–1990 is higher than that recently reported in other Mediterranean countries. This study offers the first standardized data on Type 1 diabetes incidence in Catalonia, including cases up to 30 years, and contributes to the knowledge of the epidemiology of diabetes in South Europe.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: keratinolytic fungi ; river and marine beach sediments ; Catalonia ; Spain
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Sediments from 8 river mouths of the Catalonian coast (Spain) were examined for keratinolytic fungi. Out of 1250 river and marine samples examined, 499 (39.9%) were positive for these fungi. Aphanoascus fulvescens (anamorph + teleomorph), Chrysosporium keratinophilum, Ch. tropicum, Ch. an. of Arthroderma curreyi, Ch. pannicola, Ch. europae and Ch. indicum were the predominant species in the sediments. River samples were rich in keratinolytic fungi, whereas in marine beach sediments they occurred sporadically. The results of a preliminary experiment demonstrated that, marine water exerted a dramatical impact on river keratinolytic fungi causing their total or near-total elimination. The qualitative and quantitative compositions of river keratinolytic mycoflora depended on the degree of water contamination with sewage and on natural factors (mainly temperature). The keratinolytic mycoflora of two rivers was possibly altered dramatically by water contaminants, including poisons of industrial origin, and marine salinity. The problem of public health risk resulting from the distribution of keratinolytic fungi within the highly-frequented recreational waters is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: keratinolytic fungi ; river and marine beach sediments ; Catalonia ; Spain
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Sediments from 8 river mouths of the Catalonian coast (Spain) were examined for keratinolytic fungi. Out of 1250 river and marine samples examined, 499 (39.9%) were positive for these fungi.Aphanoascus fulvescens (anamorph + teleomorph),Chrysosporium keratinophilum, Ch. tropiciun, Ch. an. ofArthroderma curreyi, Ch. pannicola, Ch. europae andCh. indicum were the predominant species in the sediments. River samples were rich in keratinolytic fungi, whereas in marine beach sediments they occurred sporadically. The results of a preliminary experiment demonstrated that, marine water exerted a dramatical impact on river keratinolytic fungi causing their total or near-total elimination. The qualitative and quantitative compositions of river keratinolytic mycoflora depended on the degree of water contamination with sewage and on natural factors (mainly temperature). The keratinolytic mycoflora of two rivers was possibly altered dramatically by water contaminants, including poisons of industrial origin, and marine salinity. The problem of public health risk resulting from the distribution of keratinolytic fungi within the highly-frequented recreational waters is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 38 (1995), S. 353-356 
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: epoxy resin ; DSC ; vitrification ; gelation ; activation energy ; time-temperature-transformation diagram ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Times to gelation and times to vitrification during isothermal curing for the epoxy system diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A and 1,3-bisaminomethyl-cyclohexane were measured at different curing temperatures between 50 and 100°C. Gelation occurs around 56% conversion. Vitrification was determined from data curves of glass transition temperature, Tg, versus curing time obtained from DSC experiments. The minimum and maximum Tg determined for this epoxy system were Tgo = -37°C and Tg∞ = 150°C. Values of activation energy of the epoxy/amine cure reaction of 58 kJ/mol and 49.5 kJ/mol were obtained from Tg versus time shift factors and gel time measurements respectively. The isothermal time-temperature-transformation diagram has been established.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 56 (1995), S. 1029-1037 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: By employing differential scaning calorimetry, DSC, we have studied, under isothermal conditions, the kinetics of the cure reaction for a system containing a diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) and 1,3-bisaminomethylcyclohexane (1,3-BAC) as a curing agent, over the temperature range of 60-110°C. We have determined the conversions reached at several cure temperatures and the reaction rates. The experimental data, showing an autocatalytic behavior, were compared with the model proposed by Kamal, which includes two rate constants, k1 and k2, and two reaction orders, m and n. This model gives a good description of cure kinetics up to the onset of vitrification. The activation energies for these rate constants were 44-57 kJ/mol. The reaction orders present a moderate change but their sum is in the range 2.5-3. Diffusion control is incorporated to describe the cure in the latter stages (postivitrification region). By combining the autocatalytic model and a diffusion factor, it was possible to predict the cure kinetics over the whole range of conversion. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 61 (1996), S. 1553-1559 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The isothermal cure of an epoxy-cycloaliphatic amine system has been studied following the evolution of both glass transition temperature and conversion. A functional relationship between Tg and conversion is established. The cure reaction is satisfactorily described by a phenomenological model with parameters determined from DSC experiments. By applying the kinetic model, gelation and vitrification curves are calculated and compared with experimental times to gelation and times to vitrification determined at temperatures between 50 and 100°C. The isothermal time-temperature-transformation (TTT) curing diagram including iso-Tg contours has been established. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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