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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of Schmidt-Lanterman incisures in Wallerian degeneration (1979)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 48 (1979), S. 83-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Incisures ; Light microscopy ; Teased nerve fibres ; Nerve crush ; Wallerian degeneration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary It is conventionally accepted that during the early stages of Wallerian degeneration of myelinated peripheral nerve fibres Schmidt-Lanterman incisures represent the sites at which the myelin sheath, together with enclosed axoplasm, is segmented into myelin ovoids. This mechanism is considered by some authors to be facilitated by the progressive intercalation of additional incisures in order to allow the later division of primary ovoids. We have demonstrated that this reported increase in the number of incisures is a misinterpretation of the changes occurring. By 36 h after crush of the rat sural nerve most myelinated fibres showed segmentation at incisures to form myelin ovoids. At 12 h and 24 h after crush, however, no ovoids were apparent and the number of incisures present was determined from teased fibres by light microscopy using oil immersion. There was no increase in the number of incisures either internodally or paranodally at 12 h and 24 h compared with a normal control population of fibres. However at 12 h, and to a greater extent at 24h, incisures were more readily apparent than in normal fibres. It is likely, therefore, that previous reports have confused an increase in the number of incisures with an increase in their perceptibility resulting from their progressive dilatation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00691149
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of Schmidt-Lanterman incisures in Wallerian degeneration (1979)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 48 (1979), S. 95-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Schmidt-Lanterman incisures ; Electron microscopy ; Nerve crush ; Wallerian degeneration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The electron microscopy of changes at Schmidt-Lanterman incisures in Wallerian degeneration has been described only briefly previously. We have demonstrated that the changes up to 36 h after nerve crush are chiefly peri-incisural. At 12h and 24h ‘incisural dilatation’ consisted of an intraperiod line separation of peri-incisural myelin lamellae, which began among inner (adaxonal) lamellae extending later to outer (abaxonal) lamellae. The incisure itself showed little or no change. At 36 h, ovoid formation was apparent in most fibres. The sites of fibre cleavage to form ovoids occurred adjacent to incisures at the focal regions of myelin lamellae separation. Even within ovoids the incisures themselves remained intact at 36 h. The fine structural changes at incisures following nerve crush provide an understanding of the increased perceptibility of incisures by light microscopy during early Wallerian degeneration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00691150
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular characteristics of pial microvessels of the rat optic nerve. Can pial microvessels be used as a model for the blood-brain barrier? (1997)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 288 (1997), S. 259-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Pial microvessels ; Optic nerve ; Blood-brain barrier ; Anionic sites ; Lectin-gold ; Cationic colloidal gold ; Enzyme digestion ; Rat (Sprague Dawley)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Pial microvessels have commonly been used in studies of the blood-brain barrier because of their relative accessibility. To determine the validity of using the pial microvessel as a model system for the blood-brain barrier, we have extended the comparison of pial and cerebral microvessels at the molecular level by a partial characterization of the glycocalyx of pial endothelial cells, in view of the functional importance of anionic sites within the glycocalyx. Rat optic nerves were fixed by vascular perfusion. Anionic sites on the endothelium were labelled with cationic colloidal gold by means of post- and pre-embedding techniques. The effects of digestion of ultrathin sections on subsequent gold labelling was quantified following their treatment with a battery of enzymes. Biotinylated lectins, viz. wheat germ agglutinin and concanavalin A with streptavidin gold, were employed to identify specific saccharide residues. The results demonstrate that the luminal glycocalyx of pial microvessels is rich in sialic-acid-containing glycoproteins. Neuraminidase, which is specific for N-acetylneuraminic (sialic) acid, and papain (a protease with a wide specificity) significantly reduce cationic colloidal gold binding to the luminal endothelial cell plasma membrane. Wheat germ agglutinin (with an affinity for sialic acid) binds more to the luminal than abluminal plasma membrane, whereas concanavalin A, which binds mannose, binds more to the abluminal surface. Similar results have been obtained for cerebral cortical endothelial cells. With respect to these molecular characteristics, therefore, the pial and cortical microvessels appear to be the same. However, since the two vessel types differ in other respects, caution is urged regarding the use of pial microvessels to investigate the blood-brain barrier.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050811
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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