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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 32 (1992), S. 427-433 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The constitution and configuration of Ro 09-0198 (cinnamycin) have been determined in DMSO. Further investigations in aqueous solution, in SDS micelles and in a lipid bilayer have been done to study the influence of different environments on the conformation of the peptide. It turned out that in spite of the polycyclic structure of the molecule, the conformation is drastically changed going from water to SDS micelles. Ro 09-0198 orients itself in lipid bilayers as expected from its amphiphilic structure. According to a nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy experiment under magic angle spinning (MAS) conditions, the molecule is incorporated into the membrane with its hydrophobic part inside the bilayer.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 81 (1969), S. 924-924 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 80 (1968), S. 201-201 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The dependence of the conformation of cyclosporin A (CPA), a cyclic undecapeptide with potent immunosuppressive activity, on the type of solvent environment is examined using the computer simulation method of molecular dynamics (MD). Conformational and dynamic properties of CPA in aqueous solution are obtained from MD simulations of a CPA molecule dissolved in a box with water molecules. Corresponding properties of CPA in apolar solution are obtained from MD simulation of CPA in a box with carbontetrachloride. The Results of these simulations in H2O and in CCl4 are compared to each other and to those of previous simulations of crystalline CPA and of an isolated CPA molecule.The conformation of the backbone of the cyclic polypeptide is basically independent of the type of solvent. In aqueous solution the β-pleated sheet is slightly weaker and the γ-turn is a bit less pronounced than in apolar solution. Side chains may adopt different conformations in different solvents. In apolar solution the hydrophobic side chain of the MeBmt residue is in an extended conformation with its hydroxyl group hydrogen bonded to the backbone carbonyl group. In aqueous solution this hydrophobic side chain folds over the core of the molecule and the mentioned hydrogen bond is broken in favor of hydrogen bonding to water molecules. The conformation obtained from the MD simulation in CCl4 nicely agrees with experimental atom-atom distance data as obtained from nmr experiments in chloroform. In aqueous solution the relaxation of atomic motion tends to be slower than in apolar solution.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Several new proton-detected heteronuclear two-dimensional (2D) nmr techniques are presented that exhibit the features of selection and editing of multiplicity. The theoretical basis of the new features is briefly discussed and the application of the 2D techniques to a thioanalogon of Cyclosporin A [Thio-(1)-cyclosporin A] is shown. In addition, an extension of the experiments to three-dimensional (3D) techniques is demonstrated and the application of two 3D techniques to Thio-(1)-cyclosporin A with 13C in natural abundance is presented. The new techniques can help simplify heteronuclear shift correlations and increase the resolution in the carbon dimension.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The complete assignment of all noncarbonylic carbon-13 resonances at natural abundance of the α-amylase inhibitor Tendamistat is presented. Such an assignment can help solve ambiguities in the proton spectrum and forms the basis for further measurements to obtain more structural or dynamic information. Using a nonenriched sample, the low sensitivity due to the small gyromagnetic ratio of 13C to 1H and the low natural abundance of 13C requires sensitive methods to obtain interpretable spectra. Thus all the NMR techniques used incorporate proton detection. With three different techniques, the HMQC, the HMQC with TOCSY-transfer, and the HMBC, a complete assignment based on the published proton chemical shifts (A. D. Kline, K. Wüthrich J. Mol. Biol. 192(1986)) was possible with spectra recorded in a reasonable time. Especially the HMBC, which yields correlations via 1H-13C long-range couplings, proved to be extremely valuable in the assignment procedure.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Both the NZW and NZB mice exhibit an elevated fasting blood sugar level when compared to Swiss white mice. The NZB/NZW F1 hybrid mouse shows still a higher fasting serum glucose level than either of its parental strains. This elevated glucose level is noted very early in the animals' life, long before definitive signs or symptoms of pathology are evident, and remains elevated at least until the fortieth week of life, the last testing period in our series before sacrificing the animals. There are two major peaking periods for the glucose levels, namely at 4-10 weeks of age and then again at 31-40 weeks of age. These age periods correspond to the very young animal and to the animal that is beyond its prime and most likely sick and near the end of its lifespan due to the animals' inherent disease processes. The NZB and NZB/NZW F1 hybrid succumb to their disease processes at approximately 8-10 months of age. The NZW usually lives until 18 months.The questions are raised: does the altered immunologic state in the NZB and/or the NZB/NZW F1 hybrid produce the elevated blood sugar levels and the pancreatic histopatholgy or is it the early hyperglycemic condition coupled with pancreatic pathology which are in some measure instrumental in producing the lesions discussed and observed, in the beginning of the three to four month period of age, in the various organs? Is there a relationship between the hyperglycemic condition and the immune state or are these independent phenomena in a genetically “mixed up” mouse?
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 39 (1967), S. 601-606 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Eine exakte rechnerische Bemessung von Zerstäubungstrocknertürmen ist nicht möglich. Der Turmdurchmesser ergibt sich aus Erfahrungswerten für die Geschwindigkeit des Trockengases, die 0,1 bis 0,5 m/s betragen soll, und aus der Forderung, daß die versprühten Teilchen nicht an der Wand ankleben dürfen. Zur Ermittlung der Trocknerhöhe werden die Trocknungszeiten versprühter Teilchen im ersten und zweiten Trocknungsabschnitt überschlägig bestimmt. Hierzu müssen auch die Sinkgeschwindigkeit der Teilchen im Luftstrom sowie die Wärmeübergangszahlen näherungsweise berechnet werden. Ein Diagramm zur überschlägigen Ermittlung der Turmhöhe zeigt vor allem, daß diese mit dem Durchmesser der versprühten Teilchen sehr stark ansteigt.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 47 (1975), S. 755-759 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Zur Konservierung durch Trocknung ist in Lebensmitteln der Restwassergehalt soweit zu senken, daß eine Vermehrung der Mikroorganismen, eine weitere Enzymtätigkeit sowie generell an Wasser gebundene chemische Reaktionen ausgeschlossen sind. Natürliche Beschaffenheit, Genußwert, Nährwert und physiologischer Wertmüssen optimal gewährleistet sein. Ganz niedrige Restwassergehalte können jedoch in fetthaltigen Gütern oxidative Angriffe unterstützen. Wasseraktivitäten im Bereich von 20 bis 30% scheinen für viele Güter für die Haltbarkeit am günstigsten zu sein. Die Lebensmitteltrocknung muß immer in Verbindung mit der Produktvorbehandlung (z. B. Gefrieren, Pasteurisieren, Blanchieren, Kristallisieren, Konzentrieren) und dem Lagerverhalten (Verpackungsmaterial, Gaszusammensetzung innerhalb der Verpackung) gesehen werden. Zur richtigen Prozeßführung ist die Kenntnis der Lebensmittelzusammensetzung, des Verhaltens der verschiedenen Inhaltsstoffe sowie der die Haltbarkeit beeinflussenden Faktoren notwendig.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 60 (1988), S. 933-934 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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