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  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (11)
  • Fumonisin  (2)
  • Jejunum  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Embryopathic and embryocidal effects of purified fumonisin B1 orFusarium proliferatum culture material extract on chicken embryos (1993)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 123 (1993), S. 185-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Chick embryo ; Embryopathology ; Fumonisin ; Fusarium proliferatum ; Moniliformin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract One hundred eight fertile eggs (Columbia × New Hampshire) were assigned to 10 groups of 10 eggs each (2 control groups had 14 eggs each). Five groups of eggs were inoculated on day 1 of incubation, while the other 5 groups were inoculated on day 10. The inoculum of the 4 treatment groups on both day 1 and 10 consisted of 1,10, or 100 µM purified fumonisin B1 (FB1) or a culture material extract (CME) ofFusarium proliferatum, having known amounts of FB1, FB2 and moniliformin (FB1 20 µM; FB2 4 µM and moniliformin 7 µM). Inoculum consisted of the respective toxin(s) dissolved in 100 µl double distilled, autoclaved water (diluent). Control eggs were inoculated with diluent only. Mortality was both dose- and time-responsive in all treatments. Eggs inoculated on day 1 with 1 µM FB1 had 50% mortality; 10 µM FB1 had 70% mortality; 100 µM FB1 had 100% mortality; and CME had 100% mortality. Eggs inoculated on day 10 with 1,10 or 100 µM FB1 or CME had 30, 60, 90 and 80% mortality, respectively. Normal chicks were hatched from all control eggs. The median death times (MDT50) were inversely dose-responsive in all treatments, ranging from 3.0 to 7.4 days in embryos exposed on day 1 and from 3.2 to 9.0 days in those exposed on day 10. Early embryonic changes in exposed embryos included hydrocephalus, enlarged beaks and elongated necks. Pathologic changes were noted in liver, kidneys, heart, lungs, musculoskeletal system, intestines, testes and brain toxin-exposed embryos.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01111270
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mortality in broiler chicks on feed amended withFusarium proliferatum culture material or with purified fumonisin B1 and moniliformin (1993)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 123 (1993), S. 171-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Chicken ; Fumonisin ; Fusarium moniliforme ; Fusarium proliferatum ; Moniliformin ; Mycotoxin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two hundred twenty-eight male chicks (Columbia × New Hampshire) were given feed amended with autoclaved culture material (CM) ofFusarium proliferatum Containing fumonisin B1 (FB1), fumonisin B2 (FB2) and moniliformin in 3 separate feeding trials. Purified FB1 and moniliformin were given separately and in combination in a fourth feeding trial. Birds were given amended rations at day 1 (Trial 1 and 4), day 7 (Trial 2), and day 21 (Trial 3) and their respective ration was given for 28 days (Trial 1), 21 days (Trial 2), 7 days (Trial 3), and 14 days (Trial 4). FB1 concentrations were 546, 193, and 61 ppm; FB2 were 98, 38 and 14 ppm; and moniliformin were 367, 193, and 66 ppm in the first 3 feeding trial regimens. Chicks in Trial 4 were given dietary concentrations of purified FB1 at 274 and 125 ppm, and moniliformin at 154 and 27 ppm. FB1 and moniliformin, both alone and in combination, produced dose-responsive clinical signs, reduced weight gains and mortality in chicks. Age of birds given amended feeds had little difference in the clinical response; however, those given the rations from days 7 or 21 were slightly less susceptible than those given rations beginning at 1 day of age. Additive effects were noted when the toxins were given in combination. When toxins were given separately, adverse effects took longer to occur. A system to monitor pattern and rate of defecation (RD) was developed for assessing the chicks' approach to feed, water and heat source as illness progressed. Our results indicate that chicks fed corn heavily infected withF. proliferatum under field conditions could suffer acute death similar to that described for ‘spiking mortality syndrome’ during the first 3 weeks of age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01111269
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Loss of microtubules and alteration of glycoprotein migration in organ cultures of mouse intestine exposed to nocodazole or colchicine (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 248 (1987), S. 653-662 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Jejunum ; Glycoproteins ; Radioautography ; Nocodazole ; Colchicine ; Mouse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Explants from mouse jejunum were cultured for 3–7 h in the absence (control) or presence of colchicine (100 gm/ml) or nocodazole (10 μg/ml). In recovery experiments, expiants were cultured in fresh medium for an additional period. To label glycoproteins, 3H-fucose was added during the last 3 or 6 h of the initial culture or recovery period. Subcellular fractionation studies revealed that colchicine and nocodazole inhibited migration of labelled glycoproteins to the brush border (P2) by 40–45%. Radioautographic studies of absorptive cells showed that colchicine and nocodazole inhibited labelling of the microvillous border by 67% and 87%, while labelling of the basolateral plasma membrane increased by 114% and 275%. Immunocytochemical studies revealed that both colchicine and nocodazole caused the virtual disappearance of the microtubular network in the absorptive cells. It is possible that some glycoproteins normally destined for the microvillous border are rerouted to the basolateral membrane. The observed loss of microtubules after drug treatment suggests that microtubules may play a role in the intracellular migration of membrane glycoproteins. Additional support for this concept is provided by the fact that in recovery experiments the distribution of label returned to control values after the microtubular network became re-established.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00216496
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of monensin on cell ultrastructure and glycoprotein migration in adult mouse jejunal epithelium in organ culture (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 250 (1987), S. 355-363 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Jejunum ; Organ culture ; Glycoproteins ; Monensin ; Radioautography ; Mouse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Expiants from adult mouse jejunum were cultured for 3 h in a medium which contained both 3H-fucose (10 or 25 μCi/ml) and monensin (100 μM) or 3H-fucose only (control). Radiochemical analysis of cell fractions showed that 3H-fucose labelling of the brush border fraction decreased 42% in monensin-treated expiants, suggesting that in absorptive cells the intracellular transport of newly synthesized glycoproteins to the apical plasma membrane had been inhibited. Electron-microscopic examination of treated expiants revealed a variation in response to the drug from region to region. In some areas, both absorptive and goblet cells exhibited little alteration. In others, the Golgi cisternae of both absorptive and goblet cells were entirely replaced by large vacuoles, and in the latter cell type, the cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum were greatly distended. Electron-microscopic radioautographic analysis showed that in absorptive and goblet cells exhibiting little morphological change, intracellular transport of newly synthesized glycoproteins was similar to that in controls. In regions where absorptive cells exhibited extensive Golgi modifications, intracellular transport remained normal in some cases; more often-however, there was a marked inhibition (over 70%) of transport of labelled glycoproteins to the apical surface. Transport to the basolateral membrane was never affected. In goblet cells exhibiting modifications of the Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum, no incorporation of 3H-fucose label in the Golgi apparatus occurred, suggesting a block of intracellular transport proximal to the site at which 3H-fucose is added. In absorptive cells, this does not appear to be the case, since the level of 3H-fucose incorporation in all treated cells remained similar to that in controls.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00219080
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fate of 3H-ribose in the rat as detected by radioautography (1969)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 165 (1969), S. 543-557 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Light and electron microscopic radioautographs of the tissues of young rats which were sacrificed at various times after a single 3H-ribose injection revealed a wide distribution of the label.Nuclear reactions were seen over hepatocytes and other cell types. After removal of RNA by treatment with RNAse, most nuclear reactions were absent; they were, therefore, attributed to the incorporation of label into newly-synthesized RNA. In about 2% of the nuclei, however, labeling persisted after RNAse, but was absent after DNAse treatment, indicating uptake into newly-synthesized DNA. Hence, ribose may be taken up into nucleic acidsundergoing synthesis.In cells of liver and cartilage as well as in some muscle fibers, moderate reaction appeared over glycogen areas. Removal of the label by salivary amylase confirmed its uptake into glycogen.In mucous and other secretory cells, amylase resistant radioautographic reactions appeared over the Golgi region and later over secretion products. Presumably the label was incorporated into the glycoproteinmoieties of these secretions.Many, if not all, cells in the body appear to be able to utilize free exogenous ribose. It is presumed that ribose is first phosphorylated and then either incorporated into the RNA and DNA being synthesized in the nucleus or converted into the glucose or fructose derivatives used for glycogen and glycoprotein synthesis in the cytoplasm. That these pathways may play a significant physiological role is suggested by the recent finding of free ribose in the blood.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091650409
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of colchicine and vinblastine on the intracellular migration of secretory and membrane glycoproteins: II. Inhibition of secretion of thyroglobulin in rat thyroid follicular cells as visualized by radioautography after 3H-fucose injection (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 170 (1984), S. 531-543 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Young (40 gm) rats were given a single intravenous injection of colchicine (4.0 mg) or vinblastine (2.0 mg). At 10 min after colchicine and 30 min after vinblastine administration, the rats were injected with 3H-fucose. Control rats received 3H-fucose only. All rats were sacrificed 90 min after 3H-fucose injection and their tissues processed for radioautography.In thyroid follicular cells of control animals, at this time interval, 57% of the total label was associated with colloid and secretory vesicles in the apical cytoplasm while 27% was localized in the Golgi apparatus and neighboring vesicles. In experimental animals, the proportion of label in colloid and apical vesicles was reduced by more than 69% after colchicine and more than 83% after vinblastine treatment. The proportion of label in the Golgi region, on the other hand, increased by more than 125% after colchicine and more than 179% after vinblastine treatment. Within the Golgi region, the great majority of the label was associated with secretory vesicles which accumulated adjacent to the trans face of the Golgi stacks. It is concluded that the drugs do not interfere with passage of newly synthesized thyroglobulin from the Golgi saccules to nearby secretory vesicles, but do inhibit intracellular migration of these vesicles to the cell apex. In most cells the number of vesicles in the apical cytoplasm diminished, but this was not always the case, suggesting that exocytosis may also be partially inhibited. The loss of microtubules in drug-treated cells suggests that the microtubules may be necessary for intracellular transport of thyroglobulin.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001700403
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of colchicine and vinblastine on the intracellular migration of secretory and membrane glycoproteins: I. Inhibition of glycoprotein migration in various rat cell types as shown by light microscope radioautography after injection of 3H-fucose (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 170 (1984), S. 521-530 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Previous studies have shown that colchicine and vinblastine inhibit secretion in many cell types by interrupting the normal intracellular migration of secretory products. In the present work, radioautography has been used to study the effects of these drugs on migration of membrane and secretory glycoproteins in a variety of cell types. Young (40 gm) rats were given a single intravenous injection of colchicine (4.0 mg) or vinblastine (2.0 mg). At 10 min after colchicine and 30 min after vinblastine administration, the rats were injected with 3H-fucose. Control rats received 3H-fucose only. All rats were sacrificed 90 min after 3H-fucose injection and their tissues processed for light microscope radioautography.Examination of secretory cell types such as ameloblasts and thyroid follicular cells in control animals revealed reactions of approximately equal intensity over the Golgi region and over extracellular secretion products, while in drug-treated rats most of the reaction was confined to the Golgi region. In a variety of other cell types, including endocrine cells (e.g., hepatocytes) and cells generally considered as nonsecretory (e.g., intestinal columnar cells), reaction in control animals occurred both over the Golgi region and over various portions of the cell surface. In drug-treated animals, a strong Golgi reaction was present, but reaction over the cell surface was weak or absent.These results indicate that in many cell types, colchicine and vinblastine inhibit migration out of the Golgi region not only of secretory glycoproteins, but also of membrane glycoproteins destined for the plasma membrane.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001700402
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and migration of 3H-fucose-labeled glycoproteins in the retinal pigment epithelium of albino rats, as visualized by radioautography (1987)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 178 (1987), S. 259-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 3H-fucose was injected into the vitreous body of the eye(s) of 250-gm rats, which were then killed by means of an intracardiac perfusion with glutaraldehyde after intervals of 10 min, 1 and 4 hr, and 1 and 7 days. The eyes were removed and further fixed, and pieces of retina were processed for light and electron microscope radioautography. Light microscope radioautography showed that the pigment epithelial cells actively incorporated 3H-fucose label. The intensity of reaction peaked at 4 hr after injection of the label and then slowly declined. Quantitative electron microscope radioautography revealed that, at 10 min after 3H-fucose injection, over 70% of the label was localized to the Golgi apparatus, indicating that fucose residues are added to newly synthesized glycoproteins principally at this site. With time the proportion of label associated with the Golgi apparatus decreased, but that assigned to the infolded basal plasma membrane, the apical microvilli, and various apical lysosomes increased. These results indicate that in retinal pigment epithelial cells newly synthesized glycoproteins continuously migrate from the Golgi apparatus to lysosomes and to various regions of the plasma membrane. In this case, the membrane glycoproteins may play specific roles in receptor functions of the basal plasma membrane or phagocytic activities at the apical surface. Very little label migrated to Bruch's membrane, indicating either a very slow turnover or a paucity of fucose-containing glycoproteins at this site.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001780307
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of lens capsule and plasma membrane glycoproteins by lens epithelial cells and fibers in the rat (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 183 (1988), S. 212-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The lens of the eye possesses a capsule which is a greatly hypertrophied basement membrane. To investigate the synthesis of glycoproteins destined for this capsule, 3H-fucose was iryected into the vitreous body of intact rats weighing approximately 200 gm. The animals were killed from 10 min to 14.5 months later, and their lenses were processed for electron microscope radioautography. At 10 min after injection, more than 58% of the silver grains were localized to the Golgi apparatus of the lens epithelial cells. By day 1, the heaviest sites of reaction were the plasma membrane (more than 50% of total label), the basal cytoplasm, and the adjacent lens capsule, where a heavy band of reaction was seen. The remainder of the capsule exhibited a lighter diffuse reaction. In the lens fibers, the label was at first localized to clusters of vesicles but then migrated to the plasma membrane and to the region of the capsule adjacent to the basal surface of these fibers. Light microscope radioautographs of the lens capsule at later time intervals revealed that by 1 month after injection the diffuse reaction had disappeared, and only the strongly labeled band remained. By 14.5 months after injection, this band had migrated partially across the lens capsule, but the capsule itself had increased considerably in thickness. On the other hand, the distance between the labeled band and the free edge of the capsule had decreased from that seen at the time of injection.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001830304
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selective binding of antibody against gizzard 10-nm filaments to different cell types in myogenic culturesThis research was supported in part by NIH grants HL-18708, HL-15835, CA-18194, HD-00030, GM 20138, and the Muscular Dystrophy Association. (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 153 (1978), S. 451-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Antibody against the intermediate-sized filaments from gizzard smooth muscle was used to determine the presence or absence of reacting 10-nm filaments in different cell types. The antibody against gizzard 10-nm filaments reacted with filaments in cultured smooth muscle cells, skeletal myotubes and postmitotic skeletal myoblasts. It did not bind to the 10-nm filaments present in replicating presumptive myoblasts and fibroblasts, or the 10-nm filaments in spinal ganglion cells.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001530308
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