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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differences of Ca2+ regulation in skin fibroblasts from blacks and whites (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 138 (1989), S. 367-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Black people have a higher propensity than caucasions toward essential hypertension. To explore the possibility that this racial difference relates to cellular Ca2+ metabolism, we measured 45Ca2+ washout and uptake and cytosolic free concentration of Ca2+ [Ca2+], in serially passed skin fibroblasts from normotensive black and white males. Depending on the experimental conditions, 45Ca2+ washout in these cells was described by either two or three exponential functions, whereas 45Ca2+ uptake was described only by a two-exponent function. There were no racial differences in 45Ca2+ uptake and washout of unstimulated fibroblasts. However, stimulation by human serum resulted in an increase in the 45Ca2+ washout that was higher in fibroblasts from blacks than from whites. The racial differences were expressed primarily by higher values of the apparent washout rate constant (k1) of 45Ca2+ from the largest and most rapidly exchangeable cellular pool. The effect of human serum was not related to its origin (blacks vs. whites). In 2 mM Ca2+ medium and 10% serum from blacks, the respective k1 (mean ± SEM; × 10-2/min) values for fibroblasts from blacks and whites were 89.68 ± 5.23 and 73.29 ± 4.0; in the presence of 10% serum from whites, the k1 values for cells from blacks and whites were 84.14 ± 2.80 and 76.36 ± 3.23 (overall significance of P .01). In Ca2+-deficient medium in the presence of 10% human serum, the k1 for fibroblasts from blacks and whites were 115.57 ± 3.76 and 102.15 ± 3.30 (P 〈 .05). Serum substantially increased the 45Ca2+ uptake in fibroblasts from both blacks and whites; however, racial differences were not observed. Basal levels of [Ca2+], were not different in fibroblasts of blacks vs. whites (46.8 ± 6.8 and 43.2 ± 7.1 nM for blacks and whites, respectively). However, the peak response of Ca2+ transients for cell stimulated by 5% human serum was significantly higher in blacks than whites (blacks = 963 ± 213, whites = 481 ± 162 nM; P = .0286). We conclude that Ca2+ regulation is different in serum-stimulated fibroblasts from blacks and whites and that, at least in part, this difference may relate to a greater agonist-induced mobilization of Ca2+ in fibroblasts from blacks.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041380220
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Norbornadiene(bipyridyl)molybdenum(II) Complexes: Synthesis, Structure and Reactivity of [Mo(CO)(C7H8)(C10H6R2N2)X2] (X = I, Br)Dedicated to Professor Dr. Helmut Werner on the occasion of his birthday. (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 128 (1995), S. 1007-1013 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Tetracarbonyl(norbornadiene)molybdenum(0) ; Oxidative addition of I2 ; Dihalogeno(bipyridyl)molybdenum(II) complexes ; 7-Coordinated complexes ; Neutral and cationic molybdenum(II) complexes ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction of [Mo(CO)4(C7H8)] (1) with I2 gave the norbornadienemolybdenum(II) complex [Mo(CO)2(C7H8)I2]n≥1 (2), which existed in an equilibrium of two isomeric forms. In acetonitrile, 2 reversibly formed the adduct [Mo(CO)2-(C7H8)(NCCH3)I2] (3), whereas on treatment with 2,2′-bipyridine or 4,4′-di-2,2′-tBu-bipyridine, it gave stable 7-coordinated molybdenum(II) complexes, [Mo(CO)(C7H8)-(C10H8N2)I2] (4) and [Mo(CO)(C7H8)(C10H6tBu2N2)I2] (5), in good yield. In similar reactions, the related dibromomolybdenum compounds [Mo(CO)(C7H8)(C10H8N2)Br2] (6) and [Mo-(CO)(C7H8)(C10H6tBu2N2)Br2] (7) were prepared by oxidation of 1 with two equivalents of CuBr2. The X-ray structural analysis of 6 reveals that the geometry around the molybdenum atom is nearly perfectly pentagonal bipyramidal, with the CO and one of the bipyridyl rings perpendicular to the plane formed by the other ligands. The compounds 5 and 6 react with AgSbF6 by halogen abstraction to give cationic complexes, {[Mo(CO)(C7H8)(C10H8N2)Br]SbF6}n≥1 (8) and {[Mo(CO)(C7H8)(C10H6tBu2N2)I]SbF6}n≥1 (9): In acetone, 8 and 9 reversibly formed the adducts [Mo(CO)(C7H8)(C10H8N2)(acetone)Br]SbF6 (8′) and [Mo(CO)(C7H8)(C10H6tBu2N2)(acetone)I]SbF6 (9′); while on treatment with PMe3, the stable monomeric complexes, [Mo(CO)(C7H8)(C10H8N2)(PMe3)Br]SbF6 (10) and [Mo(CO)(C7H8)(C10H6tBu2N2)(PMe3)I]SbF6 (11), were isolated in almost quantitative yield. In the presence of KBr, compound 8′ reverted to the dibromo complex 6, whereas 9′ reacted to produce a 1:1:2 mixture of 5, 7 and the bromo(iodo) complex [Mo(CO)(C7H8)(C10H6tBu2N2)BrI] (12). The same mixture is available from the reaction of 5 with one equivalent of 7.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19951281008
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel Aromatic Azopolymers with Regularly Interposed Tellurium Atoms in the Backbone (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 128 (1995), S. 703-709 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Copolymers ; Electrical conductivity ; Azo compounds ; Tellurides, organo ; Telluration ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Previously unknown alt-copoly(telluro-1,4-phenylene/azo-1,4-phenylene) and related polymers were synthesized by several different approaches, which include a) reductive polymerization of bis(4-nitrophenyl) tellurides with zinc; b) oxidative polymerization of bis(4-aminophenyl) telluride using a CuI/CuII redox system as catalyst under oxygen; c) electrochemical polymerization of bis(4-amino-3,5-dimethylphenyl) telluride; d) condensation polymerization of 1,4-dinitrosobenzene with bis(4-aminophenyl) telluride Te, Te-dichloride, and e) condensation polymerization of bis(4-nitrophenyl) telluride with bis(4-aminophenyl) telluride in the presence of sodium hydroxide. The polymers obtained were characterized by elemental analysis, 13C-CPMAS NMR, IR and UV-vis spectroscopy, GPC, and inherent viscosity measurements, and their properties were examined, particularly their electrical conductivity. The electrical conductivities of the new polymers 9b c, and 10 were shown to increase from below 10-7 up to 10-5 ∽ 10-2 S cm-1 upon bromine doping in spite of their formally interrupted conjugation structure.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19951280708
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of hexacyclo[5.4.1.02,6.03,10.04,8.09,12]dodecane-5,11-dione and its conversion to di-, tri-, and tetranitro-1,3-bishomopentaprismanes (1986)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 3782-3800 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthese von Hexacyclo[5.4.1.02,6.03,10.04,8.09,12]dodecan-5,11-dion und seine Umwandlung in Di-, Tri- und Tetranitro-1,3-bishomoprismaneSulfenylierung des Dianions von Dimethyl-tetracyclo[7.2.1.04,11.06,10]dodeca-2,7-dien-5,12-dicarboxylat (9) mit Dimethyldisulfid ergab das exo,exo-Bis(methylthio)-Derivat 10a. Nachfolgende Hydrolyse und oxidative Decarboxylierung führte zu Tetracyclo[7.2.1.04,11.06,10]-dodeca-2,7-dien-5,12-dion (4), ein wichtiges Zwischenprodukt. Es wurde in das Bisketal 11 übergeführt und dieses zum doppelt funktionalisierten 1,3-Bishomopentaprismen 12 photolysiert. Nachfolgende saure Hydrolyse ergab die Titelverbindung 5, woraus drei Dinitro-(14 - 16), zwei Trinitro- (20, 21) und ein Tetranitro-Derivat (22) erhalten wurden. Die Konfigurationszuordnung der ersten vier Produkte erfolgte 1H-NMR-spektroskopisch und durch Röntgenstrukturanalyse von 21. Die Stereochemie der Nitro-substituierten Käfigmoleküle wird aufgrund ihrer Bildung und ihrer Dichte diskutiert, die in vielen Fällen erhöht ist. Auch von Tetranitro-bishomopentaprisman 22 wurden die strukturellen Eigenschaften durch eine Röntgenstrukturanalyse erhellt.
    Notes: Sulfenylation of the dianion of dimethyl tetracyclo[7.2.1.04,11.06,10]dodeca-2,7-diene-5,12-dicarboxylate (9) with dimethyl disulfide delivered the exo,exo-bis(methylthio) derivative 10a. Subsequent saponification and oxidative decarboxylation resulted in transformation to tetracyclo[7.2.1.04,11.06,10]dodeca-2,7-diene-5,12-dione (4). Upon photolysis of the bisketal 11 of this pivotal intermediate, arrival at the doubly functionalized 1,3-bishomopentaprismane 12 was achieved. Following acidic hydrolysis to give the title compound 5, elaboration of three dinitro (14 - 16), two trinitro (20, 21), and a tetranitro derivative (22) was accomplished. The configurational assignment to the first four products was achieved by means of 1H NMR spectroscopy and an X-ray crystal structure analysis of 21. The stereochemistries of the nitro-substituted cage molecules are discussed in terms of the mechanism of their formation and their densities, many of which are markedly enhanced. The structural features of the tetranitro-bishomopentaprismane 22 have also been elucidated by X-ray methods.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19861191222
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Convenient One-Pot Preparation of Bis(nitroaryl) Tellurides Using a Tellurium-Copper Couple as the Telluration Reagent (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 127 (1994), S. 783-785 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Tellurides, organo ; Substitution, aromatic ; Tellurium-copper couple ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Te-Cu couple generated in situ by the reaction of disodium telluride with copper(I) iodide in dry N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone has been found to be a convenient telluration reagent for some activated iodoarenes 1. Using this reagent system, we have prepared by a one-pot synthesis in satisfactory yields several bis(nitroaryl) tellurides 4, which are otherwise laborious to obtain.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19941270430
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of actin filaments in shape formation of mesenteric mesothelial cells of the bullfrog (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 198 (1988), S. 321-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The role of actin filaments in the development of cellular shape in the mesenteric mesothelium of the bullfrog was studied by using a simple, new technique for making en face preparations of mesothelial sheets. By using these mesothelial cell preparations, the distribution of actin was determined by means of fluorescence microscopy with 7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (NBD)-phallacidin and that of myosin by means of immunofluorescence microscopy. Although fluorescence produced by both NBD-phallacidin and antimyosin staining was found exclusively along the margins of the cells, its intensity was altered in correspondence with changes in cell shape. For instance, tadpole-type mesothelial cells with either and irregular or very slender cell shape showed very weak fluorescence. On the other hand, frog-type mesothelial cells with a polygonal shape showed intense fluorescence at their margins and had circumferential bundles of acting filaments at their apices. Furthermore, intercellular junctions between the mesothelial cells developed as the cell shape became polygonal during metamorphosis. The present study showed that development of circumferential bundles of acting filaments and intercellular junctions may serve to establish and maintain the definitive polygonal cellular pattern in the mesenteric mesothelium of the bullfrog.
    Additional Material: 21 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051980306
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Control of ciliary orientation in ciliated sheets from Paramecium-differential distribution of sensitivity to cyclic nucleotides (1991)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 20 (1991), S. 38-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: cilia ; calcium ; cAMP ; differential response ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Ciliated sheets of cell cortex were prepared from Triton-glycerol-extracted Paramecium to observe directly the change of ciliary orientation. The observation of the ciliary responses revealed the modes of ciliary control by Ca2+ and cyclic nucleotides. The cilia changed their pointing direction clockwise from 11-12 to 5 o'clock (with the anterior of the cell defined as 12 o'clock) in the horizontal plane of cell surface when Ca2+ concentration was decreased from 10-6 M to 10-7 M. Cyclic AMP competed with Ca2+ ion in determining the orientation of the cilia. On the other hand, cGMP tended to change the ciliary orientation toward 3 o'clock. Ciliary sensitivity to cyclic nucleotides depended on their location on the cell surface. The cilia on the left-hand field of the cell were more sensitive to cyclic nucleotide than those on the right-hand field. The differential distribution of ciliary sensitivity within a single cell seems to be functional in the sophisticated turning mechanism in the behavioral response of Paramecium.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970200105
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Suppression of syntheses of high molecular weight nonmuscle tropomyosins in macrophages (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 31 (1995), S. 273-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: Peritoneal macrophages ; F-actin microfilament ; in situ hybridization ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In mouse fibroblasts, at least five TM isoforms are identified and they can be grouped into the high (TM1, TM2, and TM3) and low molecular weight TM isoforms (TM4 and TM5). Suppression of one of the high molecular weight tropomyosin (TM) isoforms in nonmuscle cells is implicated to be one of the causes for disorganization of actin microfilament bundles and subsequent changes in cell motility and cell shape. In this study, we studied the expression of tropomyosin isoforms in macrophages that exhibit high motility and ability to change cell shape. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by Western blot analysis using polyclonal anti-TM antiserum revealed that the high molecular weight TM isoforms were lacking in both resident and activated mouse peritoneal macrophages. Analyses of newly synthesized TM isoforms, Northern blot analyses using isoform-specific cDNA probes, and immunostaining with monoclonal anti-TM antibody that recognizes only the high molecular weight TM isoforms also demonstrated that the syntheses of the high molecular weight TM isoforms (TM1, TM2, and TM3) were completely suppressed, whereas the low molecular weight TM isoforms (TM4 and TM5) were expressed in macrophages. These results indicate that macrophages intrinsically lack the high molecular weight TM isoforms. In order to obtain information about cellular localization of the low molecular weight TM isoforms in macrophages, they were immunostained with polyclonal anti-TM antiserum that recognizes both the high and low molecular weight TM isoforms. The results showed that the low molecular weight TM isoforms were co-localized with F-actin in punctate and short fibrous structures. In addition, we performed in situ hybridization analysis to examine localizations of the TM mRNAs in fibroblasts and macrophages. The results showed that TM mRNAs were localized throughout the cytoplasm. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970310404
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lectin-gold cytochemistry of mucin oligosaccharide biosynthesis in golgi apparatus of airway secretory cells1Mucin-secreting cells in the surface epithelium of the hamster trachea do not have a goblet shape, and whether the mucin produced by these cells is to be classified as “mucous” or “serous” is not known. The term airway secretory cell is therefore tentatively used in this report of the hamster (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 221 (1988), S. 635-644 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To elucidate the mechanism for the biosynthesis of O-linked mucin oligosaccharides, airway secretory cells of the hamster trachea were embedded in Lowicryl K4M resin, and section were examined by lectin-gold cytochemistry with special attention focused on the Golgi apparatus. The interrelations between the Golgi cisternae stained with five different lectins were determined by double-staining procedures using various combinations of lectins conjugated with 14-nm and 8-nm colloidal gold. Several cis cisternae were stained only with HPA (Helix pomatia aggulutinin specific for terminal α-N-acetylgalactosamine). The next medial cisternae were not stained with HPA. but reacted positively with two lectins, GSII (Griffonia simplicifolia agglutinin II specific for terminal α- or β-N-acetlyglucosamine) and RCAI (Ricinus communis agglutinin I specific for β-galactose). The transcisternae as well as condensing and mature secretory granules were labeled with four lectins, UEAI (Ulex europaeus aggulutinin I specific for terminal α-L-fucose) and LFA (Limax flavus aggulutinin specific for terminal N-acetyl or N-glycolyl neuraminic acid) in addition to HPA and RCAI. The same number of trans cisternae were positive to HPA and UEAI, whereas LFA bound to a few transmost cisternae but fewer than were stained with HPA or UEAI. The observed sequential appearance of different sugar residues in different levels of Golgi cisternae (from cis to trans cisternae) coincides quite well with the sugar sequence of airway mucin oligosaccharide (from reducing to nonreducing ends) proposed by biochemical analysis. It is suggested that airway mucin oligosaccharides elongate during a vectorial movement through the Golgi stack from cis toward trans and that the stack consists of at least three functionally distinct segments, cis, medial, and trans; in these three segments there take place, respectively, the initial O-glycosylation of mucin core peptide, the formation of a core region of oligosaccharide chain, and the completion of chain growth by addition of terminal sugar moieties.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092210209
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Subperiosteal lmplantation of octacalcium phosphate (OCP) stimulates both chondrogenesis and osteogenesis in the tibia, but only osteogenesis in the parietal bone of a rat (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 242 (1995), S. 40-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Octacalcium phosphate ; Implantation ; Long bone ; Calvarium ; Osteogenesis ; Chondrogenesis ; Type I collagen ; Type II collagen ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: It is not known whether long bones and calvaria have distinct biological characteristics. Octacalcium phosphate (OCP), which is a precursor phase of the hydroxyapatite, has been reported to stimulate bone formation if implanted in the subperiosteal region of mouse calvaria. The present study was designed to investigate how the long bone and the calvarium respond to OCP implantation and to compare their biological characteristics.Methods: The synthetic OCP was implanted into the subperiosteal region of rat tibiae and parietal bones being mixed with bovine type I collagen treated by pepsin (Atelocollagen). The biological response was examined histologically and immunohistochemically for collagen matrix phenotypes of types I and II to identify bone and cartilage formation.Results: Both chondrogenesis and osteogenesis were initiated in the tibia 1 week after implantation of OCP and most of the cartilage was replaced by bone at week 2. However, the parietal bone did not show osteogenesis responding to OCP implantation until week 3, and no cartilage formation was associated with the osteogenesis.Conclusions: The present study demonstrated the distinct characteristics of biological response to OCP implantation between the long bone and the calvarium in terms of whether or not cartilage formation is involved in the stimulated osteogenesis by OCP, and in terms of timing of the stimulated chondrogenesis and/or osteogenesis, i.e., the parietal bone takes more time to respond to OCP implantation than the tibia. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092420106
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