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  • creatine kinase  (2)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (1)
  • Overinclusive Psychosis  (1)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of the mitochondrial creatine kinase genes (1994)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 133-134 (1994), S. 235-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: creatine kinase ; mitochondria ; metabolism ; creatine phosphate shuttle ; gene expression ; muscle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Mitochondrial Creatine Kinase (MtCK) is responsible for the transfer of high energy phosphate from mitochondria to the cytosolic carrier, creatine, and exists in mammals as two isoenzymes encoded by separate genes. In rats and humans, sarcomere-specific MtCK (sMtCK) is expressed only in skeletal and heart muscle, and has 87% nucleotide identity across the 1257 bp coding region. The ubiquitous isoenzyme of MtCK (uMtCK) is expressed in many tissues with highest levels in brain, gut, and kidney, and has 92% nucleotide identity between the 1254 bp coding regions of rat and human. Both genes are highly regulated developmentally in a tissue-specific manner. There is virtually no expression of sMtCK mRNA prior to birth. Unlike cytosolic muscle CK (MCK) and brain CK (BCK), there is no developmental isoenzyme switch between the MtCKs. Cell culture models representing the tissue-specific expression of either sMtCK or uMtCK are available, but there are no adequate developmental models to examine their regulation. Several animal models are available to examine the coordinate regulation of the CK gene family and include 1) Cardiac Stress by coarctation (sMtCK, BCK, and MCK), 2) Uterus and placenta during pregnancy (uMtCK and BCK), and 3) Diabetes and mitochondrial myopathy (sMtCK, BCK, and MCK). We report the details of these findings, and discuss the coordinate regulation of the genes necessary for high-energy transduction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01267957
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular characterization of the creatine kinases: and some historical perspectives (1998)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 184 (1998), S. 153-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: creatine kinase ; transcription factors ; myogenesis ; mitochondrion ; energy ; gene family
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Over the last 15 years, molecular characterization of the creatine kinase (CK) gene family has paralleled the molecular revolution of understanding gene structure, function, and regulation. In this review, we present a summary of advances in molecular analysis of the CK gene family with a few vignettes of historical interest. We describe how the muscle CK gene provided an essential model system to examine myogenic regulatory mechanisms, leading to the discovery of the binding site for the MyoD family of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors essential in skeletal myogenesis and the characterization of the MEF2 family of factors with an A/T rich consensus binding site essential in skeletal myogenesis and cardiogenesis. Cloning and characterization of the four mRNAs and nuclear genes encoding the cytosolic CKs, muscle and brain CKs, and the mitochondrial (Mt) CKs, sarcomeric MtCK and ubiquitous MtCK, has allowed intriguing study of tissue-specific and cell-specific expression of the different CKs and analysis of structural, functional, regulatory, and evolutionary relationships among both the four CK proteins and genes. Current and future studies focus on understanding both cellular energetics facilitated by the CK enzymes, especially energy channelling from the site of production, the mitochondrial matrix and inner membrane, to various cytosolic foci of utilization, and regulation of MtCK gene expression at the cell and tissue-specific level as models of regulation of energy producing genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006807515892
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of drugs on objective measures of thought disorder in schizophrenic patients (1972)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 24 (1972), S. 147-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Process Schizophrenia ; Psychotic Anxiety Reaction ; Overinclusive Psychosis ; Phenothiazine Therapy ; Sernyl
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Results of studies using tests of thought disorder suggest the possibility of distinguishing three separate and possibly independent syndromes among schizophrenic patients. “Process schizophrenics” seem to be characterized by a relatively low I.Q., general psychomotor retardation, a slow reaction time, perceptual underconstancy, concreteness and distractibility. Many of these specific defects can be produced in normal people by the drug “Sernyl”, but not by other drugs studied. No known drug (such as the phenothiazines) has been shown to improve all these dysfunctions significantly in schizophrenic patients. “Psychotic anxiety reaction” is a label which might be used to describe the thinking disturbances found in many reactive schizophrenics. It consists of a tendency to produce unusual responses in a wide range of experimental situations, accompanied by an unusual degree of “perceptual constancy”. These behavioral abnormalities might be due to the disruptive effects of a very high level of anxiety, and might be alleviated by depressant drugs. “Overinclusive Psychosis”, characterizes a minority of hyperactive schizophrenics and some manic patients, who seem to use unusually broad and vaguely defined concepts in their thinking. LSD may induce this type of thinking in normal subjects, and it is possible that it may respond to phenothiazine medication.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00402910
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation into the interactions of metals and metal ions in polymer matrices (1986)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 144 (1986), S. 51-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wurde die Dispersion von Solen einiger übergangsmetalle (Gold, Eisen(III)-oxid · H2O, Chromhydroxid) in einem wasserlöslichen Polymeren (PVA 4-88) untersucht und von den daraus hergestellten Filmen ein Vergleich ihrer mechanischen und elektrischen Eigenschaften gemacht. In Erweiterung auf nichtwäßrige Lösungsmittel (Dimethylformamid, Tetrahydrofuran) wurden die Wechselwirkungen von mehrwertigen Metallionen (Fe(III), Al(III), Ti(IV), Zr(IV), Pd(O), Ag(O), Au-Sole) mit einem spezifischen metallkomplexierenden Polymeren (Polyacrylamidoxim) und einem Blockcopolymeren, das Styrol und Butadien (Buna BL 6533) enthält, untersucht.
    Notes: The dispersion of transition metal sols (gold, ferric hydrous oxide, chromium hydroxide) in a water soluble polymer (PVA 4-88) was investigated and from the films produced, a comparison made of their mechanical and electrical properties. Extending to non aqueous solvents (dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran) interactions of polyvalent metal ions (Fe(III), Al(III), Ti(IV), Zr(IV), Pd(0), Ag(0), Au sols) with a specific metal complexing polymer (poly(acrylamideoxime)) and a block copolymer containing styrene and butadiene (Buna BL 6533) were investigated.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1986.051440105
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Keratinocyte growth-promoting activity from human placenta (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 124 (1985), S. 439-445 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Extracts of term human placenta were tested for enhancement of proliferative growth of primary cultures of human keratinocytes. Saline extracts or supernatants from homogenates were dialyzed extensively, lyophilized, and tested in subcultures of keratinocytes in MCDB 153 medium with 0.1 mM Ca++ containing only defined supplements (insulin, hydrocortisone, transferrin, ethanolamine, phosphoethanolamine). Cells plated in the absence of EGF at moderately high densities (1000-3000 cells per cm2) formed colonies and grew in the presence of placental extract at 25-500 μg/ml. Extracts of cord serum or maternal serum were inactive, suggesting that the activity is derived from placental tissue. The activity is not EGF, since the activity in the placental extract, unlike EGF, did not promote growth at low cell density, was synergistic with EGF under some conditions, and did not produce changes in colonial morphology which occurred in the presence of EGF. Unlike keratinocyte growth-promoting activity in bovine hypothalamic extract, the activity is nondialyzable and is destroyed at 100°C. Placental extract could not replace any of the defined components of the medium and is therefore distinct from them. The presence of activity in the placenta with distinctive properties suggests that this is a previously undescribed material with growth-promoting properties for epithelium.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041240312
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