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  • 1
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The development of the gonads of the marsh hawk, Circus hudsonius, Cooper's hawk, Accipiter cooperi, and the red-tailed hawk, Buteo borealis borealis has been investigated. The occurrence and relatively long persistence of the cortex on both testes of the marsh hawk is evidence of bilateral amphisexuality in this form. The embryonic condition of the ovaries is related to the degree of asymmetry in the adult organs. Nearly symmetrical, paired ovaries were found in three species and varying amounts of reduction of the right ovary in all others.The disappearance of the right oviduct in the ontogeny of the female red-tailed hawk and the occurrence of accessory gonad tissue in male embryos of the same species are described and figured. The extent of reduction of the right ovary of eleven species is described, figured and classified. The following species are listed in the above order of classification: Circus hudsonius, Accipiter cooperi, Accipiter velox velox, Accipiter atricapillus atricapillus, Falco sparverius sparverius, Aquila chrysaëtos canadensis, Buteo borealis borealis, Buteo lineatus lineatus, Buteo lagopus sancti-johannis, Cathartes aura septentrionalis, Buteo platypterus platypterus.It is concluded that two ways by which organs may disappear are realized in the right ovary and oviduct of the hawks. (1) by failure of an embryonic inductor in the case of the ovary, and (2) in the right oviduct by secondary atrophy of an originally well-developed embryonic structure.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 153 (1965), S. 85-91 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Certain anomalous conditions associated with the reproductive organs have arisen in a line of King-Holtzmann hybrid rats maintained in our laboratory. These are sterile pseudohermaphroditic males in which the entire reproductive tract except the testes is missing; apparent males demonstrating an ectopic inguinal ring and testis on one or both sides; and sterile males with descended scrotal testes. The procedure developed by Moore ('55) for staining sex chromatin was applied to cells from liver, spinal cord, testis, and parotid gland of rats. A sex difference is clearly shown, however, only with the liver cells. Ford and Woollam's ('64) sequence for demonstrating mammalian chromosomes renders positive results on bone marrow cells. This method applied to liver and testis yields unsatisfactory results.Examination of idiograms and sex chromatin bodies from animals exhibiting the conditions outlined above leads to the following conclusions: (1) all abnormal animals studied are genetic males; and (2) the pseudohermaphrodites, though genetically male, exhibit a pattern of differentiation of chromosomes during the metaphase plate stage resembling that in the female.Similarities between certain anatomic and physiologic factors exhibited in pseudohermaphroditic rats and those present in “testicular feminization” in man are discussed. Male rats exhibiting an ectopic inguinal ring and testis and sterile males with descended scrotal testes also may have their counterpart in man.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 113 (1982), S. 186-191 
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Human neural cells in exponential growth phase were transferred to a serum-free medium and maintained for 72 hr without any detectable loss in viability. The two normal fetal cell lines (CHI and CHII) showed a serum-dependent cell proliferation, but the glioblastoma multiforme cells (12-18) were able to continue proliferating in this totally synthetic medium. The incorporation of [3H] thymidine into the acid-precipitable fraction of both normal and neoplastic human neural cells was assayed in the presence and the absence of exogenous gangliosides by a convenient new method. In serum-free medium, gangliosides (50 μM) inhibited the thymidine incorporation into the normal fetal cells within 24 hr and, in serum containing medium, reduced their proliferation within 48 hr. No such effects were detectable in the glioma cells. The inhibition of thymidine incorporation in the normal cells was reversible upon removal of the gangliosides. These results indicate a role of gangliosides in the postmitotic phase of normal human neural cells resulting in the regulation of cell proliferation.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: After a 3 to 6 hour incubation, addition of progesterone (the most effective), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1; the second most effective), or insulin induces meiotic cell division in Xenopus oocytes. Measurement of an endogenous activator of protein kinase C, sn-1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG), by an enzymatic method recording mass demonstrates that all three hormones alter DAG levels. Five seconds after addition, only progesterone transiently reduces DAG levels by about 25%. At 15 minutes after addition, all three hormones produce a peak of DAG (115% to 160% of control values), with the more effective hormones producing a larger increase in DAG. Insulin produces the smallest DAG increase, but the DAG release is longer lasting. Finally, all three hormones induce a second peak in DAG levels just before white spot appearance (at 0.85 GVBD50, where 1.0 GVBD50 is when 50% of the cells have divided). With these data and since an activator of protein kinase C, a phorbol ester, has been found to induce meiosis, the kinase may play a role in early proliferative events at the plasma membrane and in late events at the nucleus.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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