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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 171 (1971), S. 39-52 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Explants of the embryonic rat palate have been treated by adding sodium fluoride and sodium pyruvate to the culture medium. Fluoride, at specific concentrations, causes retardation of palatal shelf growth so that fusion does not occur during the culture period. Partial or complete fusion does occur if fluoride levels are reduced.Sodium pyruvate added to the medium advances the time of fusion of explants over that found in controls. When combined with fluoride in the medium, pyruvate can reverse the effects of fluoride on shelf growth and permit complete fusion to take place in a laige percentage of explants.The mode of action of flucride or pyruvate under these experimental conditions has not been determined. However, the known effects of fluoride as an enzyme inhibitor must be considered.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A technique is described for growth in vitro of embryonic rat palatal tissue on defined and semi-defined media. Palatal fusion closely resembling that occurring in vivo is found in these preparations. Fusion occurs in a large number of cases even in the absence of an animal extract. However, development is improved if fetal calf serum is added to the synthetic medium. Using Leibovitz Medium L-15 with 20% fetal calf serum, complete fusion was obtained in 87% of the palates, partial fusion in 9% and no fusion was found in only 4% of the palates cultured.Incorporation of galactoflavin, a riboflavin antagonist in a riboflavin-deficient diet of the mother or in the culture medium results in a decreased number of complete fusions and corresponding increase in partial fusions. A suggestion is made as to the manner in which galactoflavin acts in vivo to produce palatal cleft, based on the incidence and type of clefts and the histological appearance of the palatal tissues.A method is described in which the tissue sections are sliced prior to culture so that the behavior of individual palatal shelves can be studied during the fusion process. Fusion occurs between shelves if the medial margins are apposed, regardless of whether the two shelves come from the same embryo, from littermate embryos, or from non-littermate embryos. Some possibilities for application of this technique are suggested.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 24 (1984), S. 69-77 
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides ; light-harvesting complexes ; reaction centers ; membrane assembly ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Previous studies have suggested that much of the B800-850 light-harvesting bacteriochlorophyll a-protein complex is inserted directly into the intracytoplasmic photosynthetic membrane of Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides. In contrast, the B875 light-harvesting and reaction center complexes are assembled preferentially at peripheral sites of photosynthetic membrane growth initiation. The basis for this apparent site-specific polypeptide insertion was examined during the inhibition of RNA and protein syntheses. The pulse labeling of polypeptides at the membrane growth initiation sites was significantly less sensitive to inhibition by rifampicin, chloramphenicol, or kasugamycin than in the intfacytoplasmic or outer membranes. This suggests increased stability for the translation machinery at these membrane invagination sites. Similar differential effects in polypeptide insertion were observed during inhibition of bacteriochlorophyll synthesis through deprival of δ-aminolevulinate to R sphaeroides mutant H-5, which requires this porphyrin precursor. The pulse-labeling patterns observed during the inhibition of both RNA and pigment syntheses were consistent with the uncoupling of polypeptide insertion into the membrane invagination sites from their growth and maturation into intracytoplasmic membranes.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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