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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermoanaerobacter mathranii sp. nov., an ethanol-producing, extremely thermophilic anaerobic bacterium from a hot spring in Iceland (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 168 (1997), S. 114-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Key words Anaerobe ; Thermophile ; Xylose ; Hemicellulose ; Ethanol ; Hot spring ; Iceland ; Thermoanaerobacter mathranii
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The extremely thermophilic ethanol-producing strain A3 was isolated from a hot spring in Iceland. The cells were rod-shaped, motile, and had terminal spores; cells from the mid-to-late exponential growth phase stained gram-variable but had a gram-positive cell wall structure when viewed by transmission electron microscopy. Strain A3 used a number of carbohydrates as carbon sources, including xylan, but did not utilize microcrystalline cellulose. Fermentation end products were ethanol, acetate, lactate, CO2, and H2. The temperature optimum for growth was between 70 and 75° C, and growth occurred in the range of 50–75° C. The pH range for growth was 4.7–8.8, with an optimum at pH 7.0. Strain A3 was sensitive to tetracycline, chloramphenicol, penicillin G, neomycin, and vancomycin at 100 mg/l but was not sensitive to chloramphenicol and neomycin at 10 mg/l, which indicates that strain A3 belongs to the eubacteria. Addition of 50.66 kPa H2 or 2% NaCl did not affect growth. The isolate grew in the presence of exogenously added 4% (w/v) ethanol. The G+C ratio was 37 mol%. 16S rDNA studies revealed that strain A3 belongs to the genus Thermoanaerobacter. Genotypic and phenotypic differences between strain A3 and other related species indicate that strain A3 can be assigned to a new species, and the name Thermoanaerobacter mathranii is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002030050476
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and characterization of Caldicellulosiruptor lactoaceticus sp. nov., an extremely thermophilic, cellulolytic, anaerobic bacterium (1995)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 163 (1995), S. 223-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Key words Anaerobic bacterium ; Thermophilic ; bacterium ; Cellulose ; Cellulase ; Hot spring ; Chemoorganotrophic
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An anaerobic, extremely thermophilic, cellulolytic, non-spore-forming bacterium, strain 6A, was isolated from an alkaline hot spring in Hverager〈f"Times-PhoneticIPA"〉Di, Iceland. The bacterium was non-motile, rod-shaped (1.5–3.5 × 0.7 μm) and occurred singly, in pairs or in chains and stained gram-negative. The growth temperature was between 50 and 78° C with a temperature optimum near 68° C. Growth occurred between pH 5.8 and 8.2 with an optimum near 7.0. The bacterium fermented microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel) and produced lactate, acetate and H2 as the major fermentation products, and CO2 and ethanol occurred as minor fermentation products. Only a restricted number of carbon sources (cellulose, xylan, starch, pectin, cellobiose, xylose, maltose and lactose) were used as substrates. During growth on Avicel, the bacterium produced free cellulases with carboxymethylcellulase and avicelase activity. The G + C content of the cellular DNA of strain 6A was 35.2 ± 0.8 mol%. Complete 16S rDNA sequence analysis showed that strain 6A was phylogenetically related to Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus. It is proposed that the isolated bacterium be named Caldicellulosiruptor lactoaceticus sp. nov.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00305357
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