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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of fadrozole and leuprorelin acetate on aromatase activity and cell proliferation in a human breast cancer cell line (SK-BR-3) (2000)
    Springer
    International journal of clinical oncology 5 (2000), S. 183-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-7772
    Keywords: Key words Fadrozole ; Leuprorelin acetate ; Aromatase activity ; Cell proliferation ; SK-BR-3
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background. In recent years, aromatase inhibitors have been used to treat hormone-dependent breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Although gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists inhibit the growth of breast cancers by estrogen deprivation, it is not known whether GnRH agonists have a direct effect on breast cancer cells. In the present study, we examined the direct effect of a GnRH agonist (leuprorelin acetate) on aromatase activity in a human breast cancer cell line, SK-BR-3. We also studied the synergistic effect of fadrozole (an aromatase inhibitor) and leuprorelin acetate on aromatase activity and cell proliferation in SK-BR-3 cells. Methods. Aromatase activity was determined by measuring [3H] water released upon the conversion of [1β-3H] androstenedione to estrone. Cell proliferation was estimated by determining the incorporation of 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine in cellular DNA (cell proliferation assay system). Results. Aromatase activity in SK-BR-3 was inhibited by fadrozole. In addition, SK-BR-3 aromatase activity was inhibited by leuprorelin acetate. Stimulation of cell proliferation by estradiol (10 nM) and testosterone (20 nM) was almost completely inhibited by the addition of an estrogen receptor antagonist, ICI 182780 (10 nM), and fadrozole (1 nM). When both these compounds were added, the most potent inhibition of aromatase activity (fadrozole, 0.1 nM; leuprorelin acetate, 1 nM) and cell proliferation (fadrozole, 10 nM; leuprorelin acetate, 100 nM) was observed. Conclusions. These results lead us to the conclusion that combination therapy with an aromatase inhibitor and a GnRH agonist may provide a new treatment for both pre- and postmenopausal patients with hormone-dependent breast cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00012035
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of continuous cisternal drainage on cerebral vasospasm (1991)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 112 (1991), S. 28-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Cerebral aneurysm ; cisternal drainage ; vasospasm ; hydrocephalus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of continuous cisternal drainage on cerebral vasospasm was studied under strict criteria in 140 patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms. The degree of subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) on the computed tomography scan was graded from I to IV. The patients were classified according to the total amount of cisternal drainage into three groups, regardless of the duration of the drainage and whether or not it was accompanied by irrigation; i.e., those with less than 500 mL (group 1∶57 cases), those with 500–3000 mL (group 2∶ 44 cases), and those with 3000–9500 mL (group 3∶ 39 cases). While correlations could be found between both clinical and SAH grades with the severity of vasospasm, closer correlation could be found in the SAH grades. In analyzing the cases with subarachnoid haemorrhage grades III–IV (severe clots), the angiographic vasospasm was less severe in groups 2 and 3 than in group 1, and the incidences of permanent symptomatic vasospasm and low-density area on computed tomography were lower in groups 2 and 3 than in group 1. Regarding the surgical outcome in cases with SAH grades III–IV, the mortality rate was lower in groups 2 and 3 (22% and 19%) than in group 1 (33%). Further, the rate of good recovery was higher in groups 2 and 3 (61% and 57%) than in group 1 (28%). However, there were no differences between groups 2 and 3 in cerebral vasospasm or in surgical outcome. As a shortcoming of continuous cisternal drainage, the need for shunt operation was higher in groups 2 and 3 than in group 1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01402451
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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