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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel experimental chamber for single-cell voltage-clamp and patch-clamp applications with low electrical noise and excellent temperature and flow control (1986)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 406 (1986), S. 536-539 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Chamber ; Perfusion ; Superfusion ; Bath ; Voltage-clamp ; Single cell ; Patch-clamp ; Heart
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe a simple and inexpensive experimental chamber that is designed to overcome several problems encountered when doing electrical and optical studies on single cells or on isolated membrane patches. The bath is small enough to fit on the stage of a standard inverted microscope. It includes a novel solution level-detector, the output of which is used to actively control the level of solution in the experimental chamber. A Peltier-effect device is located adjacent to the flow-chamber and heats or cools the inflowing solution. Solutions can be rapidly switched using two electrically actuated microvalves. The attraction of this system is that, with appropriately quiet power supplies, not only is the bath solution-level held at a fixed height, but the temperature of the bathing solution can also be set over a wide temperature range (minimum range is 15 to 45°C), and solutions can be rapidly changed. All of the construction details are supplied as are appropriate electrical circuits. Without modification, the chamber can be used for applications as diverse as fluorescence microscopy of living cells, time-lapse photomicroscopy and single-cell motion detection as well as single cell voltage-clamp and isolated membrane patch-clamp. With simple modification the system can be adapted for use in experiments on multicellular preparations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00583378
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization and classification of phytoplasmas from wild and cultivated plants by RFLP and sequence analysis of ribosomal DNA (1997)
    Springer
    European journal of plant pathology 103 (1997), S. 675-686 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Keywords: apple proliferation ; aster yellows ; Bunias orientalis ; Cardaria draba ; Cirsium arvense ; clover phyllody ; Convolvulus arvensis ; Conyza canadensis ; Cyclamen persicum ; Daucus carota ssp. sativus ; etiology ; faba bean phyllody ; Gossypium hirsutum ; Lycopersicon esculentum ; Picris echioides ; Portulaca oleracea ; Stellaria media ; stolbur ; Trifolium repens
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequence analysis of PCR-amplified ribosomal DNA were used to identify and classify phytoplasmas associated with diseases of various wild and cultivated plants. The diseases examined were either not known before or the presumable causal agents were not yet identified and characterized or were only known from other geographic areas. New diseases examined were those causing virescence and phyllody of Bunias orientalis and Cardaria draba. Both were associated with strains of the aster yellows phytoplasma. The same type of aster yellows phytoplasma was also found to be associated with yellows and phyllody diseases of Portulaca oleracea, Stellaria media, Daucus carota ssp. sativus, and Cyclamen persicum. In German and French DNA samples from diseased Trifolium repens, the clover phyllody phytoplasma was identified, which could clearly be distinguished from other phytoplasmas of the aster yellows group. Strains of the stolbur phytoplasma were detected in big bud-affected tomatoes and almost exclusively in Convolvulus arvensis. In Cirsium arvense and Picris echioides two distinct phytoplasmas were identified which showed relationship to the sugarcane white leaf phytoplasma group but may represent a new group or subgroup. In Conyza (syn.: Erigeron) canadensis a phytoplasma of the X-disease group was detected. A strain from Gossypium hirsutum showed the same restriction profiles as the faba bean phyllody phytoplasma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008693314317
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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