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  • Chemistry  (4)
  • Growth  (3)
  • Chemical Engineering  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth in children following kidney transplantation (1990)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 4 (1990), S. 335-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Growth ; Kidney transplantation ; Height standard deviation scores ; Cyclosporin A ; Prednisone ; Renal function
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Growth was assessed in children following 128 separate kidney transplants using a generalized growth curve multivariate analysis. The height standard deviation score was the dependent variable. Time since transplant, prednisone dosage, and creatinine clearance were the independent variables. For the purposes of comparison patients were grouped according to sex, race, age at transplantation, initial allograft function, acute rejection episodes and the use of cyclosporin A. Patient's height standard deviation scores tended to increase negatively after transplantation. However, children who received transplants before their 7th birthday, with initial allograft function greater than 60 ml/min per 1.73 m2, exhibited “catch-up” growth. Height standard deviation scores positively improved in males but not in females, as prednisone dosage was decreased. Height standard deviation scores became more negative as renal function decreased after transplantation. Changes in renal function produced the greatest effect upon height in black children, children less than 7 years, and males.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00862512
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Statistical analysis of statural grwoth following kidney transplantation (1986)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 145 (1986), S. 377-379 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Growth ; Kidney transplant ; Children ; Adolescents
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Factors affecting the growth rates of 59 children and adolescents for the first 2 years following kidney transplantation were evaluated. The factors assessed were age at transplantation, renal function, prednisone dosage, donor source, and prior history of transplantation. The observed growth velocity was expressed as the percentage, of the growth velocity predicted by bone age. Normal growth (≥80%) was exhibited by 37% of the patients and 22% had accelerated growth (≥100%). The chronologic age at transplantation did not correlate significantly with growth when bone age was used as the reference for expected velocity. Males grew better than did females. There was a unique sex/race interaction with black males growing most rapidly. Better renal function, the ability to lower prednisone dosage, alternate day prednisone administration, and a decreasing diastolic blood pressure were positively correlated with better growth rates after transplantation. The donor source and prior history of transplantation did not significantly influence grwoth rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00439242
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Statistical analysis of statural growth following kidney transplantation (1986)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 145 (1986), S. 86-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Growth ; Kidney transplant ; Children ; Adolescents
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Factors affecting the growth rates of 59 children and adolescents for the first 2 years following kidney transplantation were evaluated. The factors assessed were age at transplantation, renal function, prednisone dosage, donor source, and prior history of transplantation. The observed growth velocity was expressed as the percentage of the growth velocity predicted by bone age. Normal growth (≥80%) was exhibited by 37% of the patients and 22% had accelerated growth (≥100%). The chronological age at transplantation did not correlate significantly with growth when bone age was used as the reference for expected velocity. Males grew better than did females. There was a unique sex/race interaction with black males growing most rapidly. Better renal function, the ability to lower prednisone dosage, alternate day prednisone, and a decreasing diastolic blood pressure were positively correlated with better growth rates after transplantation. Donor source and prior history of transplantation did not significantly influence growth rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00441863
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of phase-volume ratio and phase-inversion on viscosity of microemulsions and liquid crystals (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 510-514 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Microemulsions, which are optically transparent oil-water dispersions, were spontaneously produced upon mixing hexadecane, hexanol, potassium oleate, and water in specific proportions. The viscosity of the microemulsions was measured for several water/oil ratios including the phase-inversion region. The striking optical and viscosity changes observed at specific water/oil ratios were in agreement with the proposed mechanism of phase-inversion, namely, water spheres → water cylinders → water lammellae → continuous water phase, for this system. In the phase-inversion region, the dispersion exhibited birefringence and rheopectic properties. An extremely high viscosity (〉 100,000 cps) exhibited by the dispersions between water/oil ratios of 2.0 and 3.5 were explained in terms of ion-dipole association between oleate and hexanol molecules on adjacent droplets.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200311
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interfacial instability and spontaneous formation of microemulsions (1972)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 18 (1972), S. 1116-1120 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Microemulsions, which are optically transparent oil-water dispersions, were spontaneously produced upon mixing hexadecane, hexanol, potassium oleate, and water in specific proportions. The drop-volume measurements of hexadecane-water interface in the presence of hexanol or potassium oleate revealed that these surfactants decrease the interracial tension of the hexadecane/water interface. It is proposed that the interaction between these two emulsifiers at the oil-water interface causes spontaneous negative interfaical tension resulting in interfacial instability and the formation of microemulsions.As the amount of water is increased, the microemulsion exhibits a clear to turbid to clear transition. Unlike the clear regions, the turbid region possesses birefringence. The development of birefringence is also accompanied by a sharp decrease in electrical resistance. High-resolution (220 Mc) nuclear magnetic resonance data suggest that water exists in two distinct environments or structures in the birefringent region. The electrical, birefringence, and nuclear magnetic resonance data agree with the proposed mechanism of phase-inversion of microemulsions, which can be described as water spheres to water cylinders to water lamellae to a continuous water phase. The spontaneous formation of such structures (for example, water cylinders and lamellae) presumably depends upon the phase-volume ratio and the interfacial tension at the oil-water interface.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690180605
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Source of the carboxamide nitrogen atom in 2-carboxamido-5-isopropoxycarbonylaminobenzimidazole, a metabolite of cambendazole (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 190-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and isotope labeling techniques have been employed to demonstrate that the carboxamide nitrogen atom in 2-carboxamido-5-isopropoxycarbonylaminobenzimidazole, a metabolite of 2-thiazolyl-5-isopropoxycarbonylaminobenzimidazole (cambendazole), is derived wholly from the parent drug. [15N] Thiazole-labeled cambendazole was administered to a rat and the metabolite isolated from urine. Trideutero-2-carboxamido-5-isopropoxycarbonylaminobenzimidazole was employed as a carrier to isolate the metabolite in sufficient purity for isotope ratio measurements using multiple ion detection. The metabolite was converted to its tetramethyl derivative by on-column reaction with trimethylanilium hydroxide to permit satisfactory gas chromatography.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010308
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature coefficients for reactions of OH radicals with alkanes between 300 and 1000 K (1985)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 17 (1985), S. 573-582 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Recently, Atkinson et al. have developed a more sophisticated approach than simple additivity to determine group rate constants at room temperature for reactions of OH radicals with alkanes. In this article, use is made of reliable experimental data at room temperature and at 753 K to determine temperature coefficients for these reactions. Evidence based on experiment is cited in support of the expression k = AT1e-E/RT as a suitable quantitative expression for the variation of k with temperature between 300 and 1000 K for OH attack at any particular specific group in an alkane. Values are given for A and E for a number of groups found in both linear and branched alkanes. With highly branched alkanes, steric effects may limit the use of even the more sophisticated additivity approach used here. Use of the group values permits the calculation of both the overall rate constant for OH + alkane, the agreement with the limited amount of experimental data available being very good, and the proportions of each species of alkyl radical formed in the overall attack. Such information is vital to quantitative modeling of combustion processes currently being carried out extensively. The values given in the article are recommended for use over the temperature range 300-1000 K.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550170603
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