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  • Chemical Engineering  (2)
  • Rabbit  (2)
  • Collagen  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 37 (1994), S. 1198-1204 
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Nd:YAG laser ; Tissue fusion ; Rabbit ; Bowel welding ; Colon anastomosis ; Collagen ; Wound healing ; Wound contraction ; Stricture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: Our previous experimental work showed the feasibility of colon anastomosis using laser; however, it also revealed a narrowing tendency after laser anastomosis. Long-term observation of the postoperative course of laser anastomosis was planned to assess this point. METHODS: Clinical observation and histologic examination of transverse colotomies (average, 21.2 mm) in New Zealand white rabbits (n=12) closed with a 1,064-nm neodymiumyttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser were carried out up to the third postoperative month, compared with closure of colotomies using a single layer of interrupted sutures of 5-0 Maxon® (Davis & Geck, Pearl River, NY) in a control group (n=12). RESULTS: Whereas the narrowing tendency was observed up to one month after the operation in the laser group (P〈0.05), it disappeared at three months following the operation without causing abnormal weight loss during the experiment. Simultaneously, there was again a marked decrease in adhesion formation following laser anastomosis (P〈0.01). Collagen fibers were observed earlier in the laser group. CONCLUSIONS: An earlier commencement of collagen synthesis after laser anastomosis was proved. A narrowing tendency, which was observed from seven days to one month postoperatively, disappeared at three months after laser anastomosis without exerting any effect on growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 34 (1991), S. 1079-1084 
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Nd:YAG laser ; Tissue fusion ; Rabbit ; Bowel welding ; Colon anastomosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To assess the possibility of laser anastomosis of the colon, experimental laser closure of colotomies was performed. Transverse colotomies (average 20.7 mm) in New Zealand white rabbits (n = 20) were closed with a 1,064-nm Nd:YAG laser at a pulsating 0.5-W wave of power, using guy sutures to approximate the tissue edges. The laser energy was applied through a specially designed hand piece and hand-held 600-μ m gas-cooled noncontact quartz fiber to produce a satisfactory tissue welding. Similar colotomies were closed using a single layer of interrupted sutures of 5−0 Maxon ® (Davis & Geck, Pearl River, NY) in a control group (n=20). Bursting pressure and index of narrowing were recorded immediately after anastomosis and at 1, 4, and 7 days following surgery. Bursting pressure of the laser-welded closure at 1 day was significantly lower than that of the sutured controls (P 〈0.01); however, all rabbits recovered uneventfully. There was a marked decrease in adhesion formation following laser anastomosis (P 〈 0.05). Conversely, one control rabbit showed functional stenosis at 4 days. Histologic study revealed an accelerated healing in the laser group. The index of narrowing was significantly higher in the laser group than in the control group (P 〈0.05). The completely water-sealed laser anastomosis reduces adhesions and is comparable to conventional suture anastomosis of the colon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1592-1601 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Various strategies for sequencing heterogeneous azeotropic distillations have been explored. The design and optimization of these systems by simulation-based methods is generally acknowledged to be a very difficult problem (Kingsley and Lucia, 1988). In this article, a simple and accurate design and optimization procedure has been developed. The method does not involve any recycle convergence loops and has been applied successfully to several test problems. Unlike the simulation-based methods, our method is robust to changes in the system optimization variables (e.g., reflux ratio in the azeotropic column).In order to demonstrate the method, we present design and optimization results for the dehydration of ethanol using a benzene entrainer. Our optimal designs consume significantly less energy than state-of-the-art designs reported in the literature.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 1585-1591 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A simple design technique for heterogeneous distillation columns has been developed. The underlying geometric conditions which govern minimum reflux are shown to share certain common features with homogeneous distillations, but differ in some important respects. It is shown that heterogeneous columns display some unusual sensitivities to the design parameters. The most notable being the drastic swings in the composition and temperature profiles with very small changes in the level of trace impurities in the product stream.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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