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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Continuous veno-venous haemofiltration following cardio-pulmonary bypass (1993)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 19 (1993), S. 290-293 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Acute renal failure ; Cardio-pulmonary bypass ; Haemofiltration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective To study the impact of continuous veno-venous haemofiltration on survival in patients with acute renal failure (ARF) following cardio-pulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery. Design A retrospective study of all patients requiring haemofiltration after CPB over a 2 year period. Setting A 20 bedded, adult cardothoracic intensive care unit in a postgraduate teaching hospital. Patients 35 patients (26 male, age range 24–74 years) required haemofiltration (2.7% of the total number of patients undergoing CPB). Main results Cardiovascular failure post CPB was the commonest causes of ARF (n=16). Indications for haemofiltration were ureamia (21), oligo-anuria (11), volume overload (2) and hyperkalaemia (1). Mean time from CPB to the initiation of haemofiltration was 8 days (range 0–15 days). Mean urea was 30 mmol/l and creatinine 362 μmol/l immediately prior to treatment. Urea was well-controlled in all patients, although 2 needed haemodiafiltration. Twenty-six patients died during their admission to the ICU (74% mortality). A further 3 patients died during their hospital admission, following discharge from ICU. Outcome was particularly poor in patients with cardiovascular failure following CPB (16 cases, 0 survivors). Survivors tended to commence filtration earlier (mean of 4 vs 7 days for non-survivors) and required treatment for a mean period of 8 days (range 1–26 days). Survival was determined by the number of failed organ systems at the start of haemofiltration. Thus, 100% of patients with single system failure survived, compared to only 10% with 3 or more system failure. Conclusions Despite the theoretical advantages of haemofiltration and the effective control of uraemia the mortality associated with ARF following CPB remains high and is probably determined by the number of failed organs systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01690550
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transpulmonary gradient of type III procollagen peptides: Acute effects of cardio-pulmonary bypass (1992)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 18 (1992), S. 290-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Procollagen peptides ; Cardiopulmonary bypass
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Type III procollagen N-peptides (PIIINPs) are believed to be released in stoichiometric amounts as type III collagen molecules are secreted from cells. We hypothesized that if the human lung actively produces type III collagen a detectable transpulmonary gradient in PIIINPs would exist in normal individuals that might be altered following a pulmonary insult. PIIINPs were therefore measured by radioimmunoassay in serum taken simultaneously from the pulmonary artery (PA) and left ventricle/aorta (LV) in 11 patients undergoing routine cardiac catheterisation. Mean PIIINP levels±SEM in LV were 66.8±5.4 μg·ml−1 and 59.9±4.1 μg·ml−1 in PA (p〈0.04). In 6 patients, repeat measurements taken 4 h after cardiopulmonary bypass revealed a significant fall in PA values to 43.8±2.6 μg·ml−1 (p〈0.001) and abolition of the transpulmonary gradient. These results suggest the adult human lung actively synthesis type III collagen and that, in the short term, cardiopulmonary bypass inhibits this process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01706477
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanisms of secondary nucleation in agitated crystallizers (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 950-958 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Experiments were designed to identify the mechanism of the secondary nucleation of ice in a vigorously agitated crystallizer. It has been shown that the nucleation rate is proportional to the product of two factors, one characterizing crystal morphology and the other the rate of removal of potential nuclei from the surfaces of the existing crystals. Consequently, the nucleation rate attributable to different mechanisms is additive and the rate is proportional to the number of collisions per crystal. The contribution to the secondary nucleation of ice, by collisions of crystals with the impeller, baffles, and other crystals in an agitated crystallizer have been identified by measurements in a batch crystallizer in which each of the different collision mechanisms could be suppressed.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200516
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of the kinetics of secondary nucleation in batch crystallizers (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 855-862 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The kinetics of secondary nucleation have been determined from measurement of the supersaturation as a function of time following the addition of seed nuclei to a supercooled solution in a well-stirred batch crystallizer. Population balance mathematics have been used to show that the secondary nucleation kinetics may be inferred from the supersaturation-time curve. The method has been applied to the determination of the kinetics of the secondary nucleation of ice and found to give results in excellent agreement with those obtained from tedious particle counts. In addition, it has been shown that the moment of the particle size distribution that best correlates the nucleation rate data can be inferred from the initial transient of the supersaturation-time history.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200505
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Models of secondary nucleation attributable to crystal-crystallizer and crystal-crystal collisions (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 959-966 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The rate of secondary nucleation of ice, assumed to be proportional to the product of collision frequency and impact energy, has been quantitatively modeled using idealized representations of collisions between crystals and either other crystals or surfaces in the crystallizer. The crystal-crystallizer collisions were assumed to be driven by either steady or turbulent fluid motion and the crystal-crystal collisions were assumed to be driven by either gravitational forces or turbulent eddies. The models predict to a good approximation the experimentally determined dependence of the secondary nucleation of ice on crystal size, ice concentration, and agitation power.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200517
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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