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Closed Reduction of Bilateral Locked Facets of the Cervical Spine Under General Anaesthesia (1998)

Lu, K. ; Lee, T.-C. ; Chen, H.-J.

Springer

Acta neurochirurgica 140 (1998), S. 1055-1061

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ISSN: 0942-0940

Keywords: Keywords: Cervical spine; locked facets; manual closed reduction; traction.

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Summary Background. Bilateral facet interlocking of the cervical spine is a relatively uncommon type of cervical spinal injury. It is frequently associated with devastating neurological symptoms and signs. Early reduction of the locked facets is thought to be critical in preventing progressive secondary spinal cord injury. Whereas skull tong traction remains our primary option for closed reduction of bilateral locked facets of the cervical spine, it is not always successful, even with heavy traction weights. Other more aggressive measures may occasionally be required. The authors report their experience in reducing bilateral locked facets of the cervical spine by manual closed reduction. Methods. This small series consists of six cases of cervical spinal injury with bilateral locked facets in which manual closed reduction under general anaethesia and muscle relaxation was used. Three of them presented with complete quadriplegia (Frankel class A). One case presented with incomplete but severe neurological deficits (Frankel class B). After unsuccessful closed reduction with skull traction, these patients were treated by manual closed reduction under general anaesthesia and muscle relaxation, followed by anterior discectomy, interbody fusion and stabilization. Results. All cases made neurological improvement after the procedures. Even in cases with initial severe neurological deficits, the recovery was remarkable. The recovery was dramatic in two cases. Case 1 improved from Frankel class B to E; and Case 5 from Frankel class A to D. No case deteriorated neurologically after the procedures. Pneumonia occurred in Case 3; and stress ulcer accompanied by haemorrhage was noted in Case 4. None of these complications was directly related to the procedures. Conclusion. The potential for improvement of neurological function following early and successful reduction and fixation of the dislocated spine is emphasized. With meticulous techniques, manual closed reduction may be an effective alternative to skull tong traction when the latter fails.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007010050214

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The production and properties of oriented polypropylene laminates (1994)

Chen, H. J. ; Kortschot, M. T. ; Leewis, K. G.

Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Polymer Engineering and Science 34 (1994), S. 1016-1024

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ISSN: 0032-3888

Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics

Notes: The mechanical properties of isotactic polypropylene can be enhanced in one direction by a combination of rolling and drawing in a rolling mill. The longitudinal strength and modulus of the oriented polypropylene (OPP) increases with an increase in draw ratio; however, the transverse properties remain relatively unchanged. In this study, multidirectional OPP laminates [with (0)2, (0/90)s and (0/±45)s lay-ups] were made to obtain sheet materials with improved properties in more than one direction in the plane. A hot-plate welding technique was used to produce these translucent and recyclable laminates. The in-plane properties of the laminates were successfully predicted with classical laminate theory (CLT), which is commonly used to predict the properties of fiber reinforced materials. These laminates can be quasi-isotropic and were found to have improved modulus [up to 6 GPa for (0/90)s laminates] and strength [up to 150 MPa for (0/90)s laminates] as well as exceptionally good impact toughness.

Additional Material: 14 Ill.